A Detailed Review on Wind and Solar Hybrid Green Energy Technologies for Sustainable Smart Cities

Polytechnica - Tập 6 - Trang 1-20 - 2023
E. Fantin Irudaya Raj1
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering, Tamilnadu, India

Tóm tắt

Smart City development is a program for urban redevelopment and refurbishment. The main goal of a smart city is to stimulate economic growth and improve the quality of life of people by facilitating local area development and utilizing technology, particularly technology that leads to Smart results. Power generation is also a very crucial factor in the power management of smart cities. Most developing countries still use non-renewable energy sources as their conventional ones for power generation. The important problems arising from Non-Renewable energy sources are the depletion of natural resources, incremental greenhouse gases, pollution of the environment, and the rising cost of power consumption. Nowadays, the people and government are becoming more conscious of the significance of switching from conventional energy sources to renewable energy sources as we become more mindful of our impact on the environment. Green Energy or Renewable Energy is a way to make our Smart cities and Power Grid more sustainable. Hydroelectric, Solar, Tidal, Wind, and Bio-gas are a few of the important green energy sources used for power generation. Solar and wind power harvesting can be adopted and more suited for the Smart city-like urban environment. Since solar radiation and wind speed change throughout the year, neither a solar nor a wind-powered system can offer consistent electricity individually. By considering this condition, hybrid solar and wind power harvesting is suggested for sustainable Smart future cities. The present work explains solar power, wind power, and hybrid solar-wind power harvesting in detail with a Smart City power generation perspective.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Abu-Rayash A, Dincer I (2021) Development and analysis of an integrated solar energy system for smart cities. Sustainable Energy Technol Assess 46 Alagar K, Thirumal S (2021) Standalone PV-Wind-DG-Battery Hybrid Energy System for Zero Energy Buildings in Smart City Coimbatore, India. Adv Controllers Smart Cities Industry 4.0 Perspective 55-63 Albert JR, Kaliannan T, Singaram G, Sehar FI, Periasamy M, Kuppusamy S (2022) A remote diagnosis using variable fractional order with reinforcement controller for solar-MPPT intelligent system. In Photovoltaic Systems (pp. 45-64). CRC Press Amjith LR, Bavanish B (2021) Design and analysis of 5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine. Mater Today Proc 37:3338–3342 Amponsah NY, Troldborg M, Kington B, Aalders I, Hough RL (2014) Greenhouse gas emissions from renewable energy sources: A review of lifecycle considerations. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 39:461–475 Anderson A, Rezaie B (2019) Geothermal technology: Trends and potential role in a sustainable future. Appl Energy 248:18–34 Appadurai M, Raj EF (2021) Finite element analysis of composite wind turbine blades. In 2021 7th International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES) (pp. 585-589). IEEE Appadurai M, Raj E (2022) Epoxy/silicon carbide (sic) nanocomposites based small scale wind turbines for urban applications. Int J Energy Environ Eng 13(1):191–206 Appadurai M, E Fantin Irudaya Raj, LurthuPushparaj T (2022) Sisal fiber-reinforced polymer composite-based small horizontal axis wind turbine suited for urban applications—a numerical study. Emergent Materials 5(2):565–578 Appadurai M, Raj E, Jenish I (2022) Application of aluminium oxide–water nanofluids to augment the performance of shallow pond: a numerical study. Proc Integr Optimization Sustain 6(1):211–222 Azarpour A, Suhaimi S, Zahedi G, Bahadori A (2013) A review on the drawbacks of renewable energy as a promising energy source of the future. Arab J Sci Eng 38(2):317–328 Bakıcı T, Almirall E, Wareham J (2013) A smart city initiative: the case of Barcelona. J Knowl Econ 4(2):135–148 Benson CL, Magee CL (2014) On improvement rates for renewable energy technologies: Solar PV, wind turbines, capacitors, and batteries. Renewable Energy 68:745–751 Bhutta MMA, Hayat N, Farooq AU, Ali Z, Jamil SR, Hussain Z (2012) Vertical axis wind turbine–A review of various configurations and design techniques. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16(4):1926–1939 Bonetto R, Rossi M (2017) Smart grid for the smart city. In Designing, Developing, and Facilitating Smart Cities (pp. 241-263). Springer, Cham Bouzelata Y, Altin N, Chenni R, Kurt E (2016) Exploration of optimal design and performance of a hybrid wind-solar energy system. Int J Hydrog Energy 41(29):12497–12511 Burlingame Q, Ball M, Loo YL (2020) It’s time to focus on organic solar cell stability. Nat Energy 5(12):947–949 Camero A, Alba E (2019) Smart City and information technology: A review. Cities93:84-94 Combari DU, Ramde EW, Korgo B, Saré R, Zoungrana M, Zerbo I (2021) Investigating the Effect of Inclination Angle of Magnetic Field Vector on Silicon PV Modules. Int J Photoenergy Cuevas-Carvajal N, Cortes-Ramirez JS, Norato JA, Hernandez C, Montoya-Vallejo MF (2022) Effect of geometrical parameters on the performance of conventional Savonius VAWT: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 161 Dhunny AZ, Lollchund MR, Rughooputh SDDV (2016) Evaluation of a wind farm project for a smart city in the South-East Coastal Zone of Mauritius. J Energy Southern Africa 27(1):39–50 Fiorese G, Catenacci M, Bosetti V, Verdolini E (2014) The power of biomass: experts disclose the potential for success of bioenergy technologies. Energy Policy 65:94–114 Ghadikolaei SSC (2021) Solar photovoltaic cells performance improvement by cooling technology: An overall review. Int J Hydrog Energy 46(18):10939–10972 Ghosh D, Ali MY, Ghosh A, Mandal A, Bhattacharyya S (2021) Heterovalent Substitution in Mixed Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots for Improved and Stable Photovoltaic Performance. J Phys Chem C 125(10):5485–5493 Gibson L, Wilman EN, Laurance WF (2017) How green is ‘green’energy? Trends Ecol Evol 32(12):922–935 Gray JL (2003) The physics of the solar cell. Handbook of photovoltaic science and engineering 2:82–128 Gupta SK, Srivastava RK (2018) Roof-top wind energy conversion system. J Inst Eng (India) Series B99(6):597-604 Hahn B, Durstewitz M, Rohrig K (2007) Reliability of wind turbines. In Wind energy (pp. 329-332). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg Hall RE, Bowerman B, Braverman J, Taylor J, Todosow H, Von Wimmersperg U (2000) The vision of a smart city (No. BNL-67902; 04042). Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (US) Hoang AT, Nguyen XP (2021) Integrating renewable sources into energy system for smart city as a sagacious strategy towards clean and sustainable process. J Cleaner Prod127161 Ishaque K, Salam Z (2011) A comprehensive MATLAB Simulink PV system simulator with partial shading capability based on two-diode model. Sol Energy 85(9):2217–2227 Islam M, Ting DSK, Fartaj A (2008) Aerodynamic models for Darrieus-type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12(4):1087–1109 Jain D, Sangale DMD, Raj E (2020) A Pilot Survey of Machine Learning Techniques in Smart Grid Operations of Power Systems. European J Mol Clin Med 7(7):203–210 Karthick A et al (2021) Optimization of PV‐Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Health Care Buildings in Smart City.Hybrid Renew Energy Sys213-228 Karthick A, Chinnaiyan VK, Karpagam J, Chandrika VS, Kumar PR (2021) Optimization of PV‐Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Health Care Buildings in Smart City. Hybrid Renew Energy Sys213-228 Khan F, Rezgui BD, Kim JH (2020) Analysis of PV cell parameters of solution processed Cu-doped nickel oxide hole transporting layer-based organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Sol Energy 209:226–234 Khandelwal A, Nema P (2021) A 150 kW Grid-Connected Roof Top Solar Energy System—Case Study. In Advances in Clean Energy Technologies (pp. 833-842). Springer, Singapore Klonari V, Toubeau JF, Lobry J, Vallée F (2016) Photovoltaic integration in smart city power distribution: A probabilistic photovoltaic hosting capacity assessment based on smart metering data. In 2016 5th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems (SMARTGREENS) (pp. 1-13). IEEE Knudsen H, Nielsen JN (2012) Introduction to the modelling of wind turbines. Wind Power Power Sys767-797 Li H, Chen Z (2008) Overview of different wind generator systems and their comparisons. IET Renew Power Gener 2(2):123–138 Lubosny Z, Bialek JW (2007) Supervisory control of a wind farm. IEEE Trans Power Syst 22(3):985–994 Mahmood D, Javaid N, Ahmed G, Khan S, Monteiro V (2021) A review on optimization strategies integrating renewable energy sources focusing uncertainty factor–Paving path to eco-friendly smart cities. Sustain Comput Inform Sys 30 Nath S, Rana S (2011) The modeling and simulation of wind energy based power system using MATLAB. Int J Power Sys Operation Energy Manag 1(2):12–17 Nayagam VS, Raj E, Sasireka A, Kumarasamy M, Kumar SK, Subbiah R, Pavithra G (2022) An application of the frequency-based matrix converter used in a wind energy conversion system using a synchronous generator with synchronous variable-speed, pulse width modulation technique. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2519, No. 1, p. 050001). AIP Publishing LLC Northfield R (2016) Greening the smart city. Eng Technol 11(5):38–41 Panwar NL, Kaushik SC, Kothari S (2011) Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 15(3):1513–1524 Pellegrini M, Guzzini A, Saccani C (2021) Experimental measurements of the performance of a micro-wind turbine located in an urban area. Energy Rep 7:3922–3934 Pushparaj TL, Raj EF, Rani EF, Darwin S, Appadurai M (2022) Employing Novel Si-Over-Si Technology to Optimize PV Effect in Solar Array. Silicon 1-13 Qi W, Shen ZJM (2019) A smart-city scope of operations management. Prod Oper Manag 28(2):393–406 Raj EFI (2016) Available Transfer Capability (ATC) under Deregulated Environment. J Power Electron Power Sys 6(2):85–88 Raj EFI, Kamaraj V (2013) Neural network based control for switched reluctance motor drive. In 2013 IEEE international conference on emerging trends in computing, communication and nanotechnology (ICECCN) (pp. 678-682). IEEE E Fantin Irudaya Raj, Balaji M (2021) Analysis and classification of faults in switched reluctance motors using deep learning neural networks. Arab J Sci Eng 46(2):1313–1332 Raj EFI, Appadurai M, Darwin S, Rani EFI (2022) Internet of Things (IoT) for Sustainable Smart Cities. In Internet of Things (pp. 163-188). CRC Press Regmi G, Ashok A, Chawla P, Semalti P, Velumani S, Sharma SN, Castaneda H (2020) Perspectives of chalcopyrite-based CIGSe thin-film solar cell: a review. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 31(10):7286–7314 Rose JBR, Benifa JB (2021) Energy Management in Smart Cities by Novel Wind Turbine Configurations. In Handbook of Green Engineering Technologies for Sustainable Smart Cities (pp. 121-144). CRC Press Samal S, Barik PK, Sahu SK (2018) Extraction of maximum power from a solar PV system using fuzzy controller based MPPT technique. In 2018 Technologies for Smart-City Energy Security and Power (ICSESP) (pp. 1-6). IEEE Sijini AC, Fantin E, Ranjit LP (2016) Switched reluctance motor for hybrid electric vehicle. Middle-East J Sci Res 24(3):734–739 Singh P, Ravindra NM (2012) Temperature dependence of solar cell performance—an analysis. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 101:36–45 Singh AK, Boruah D, Sehgal L, Ramaswamy AP (2019) Feasibility study of a grid-tied 2MW floating solar PV power station and e-transportation facility using ‘SketchUp Pro’for the proposed smart city of Pondicherry in India. J Smart Cities 2(2):49–59 Singh R, Amrr SM, Asghar MJ (2021) Supervisory control strategy for the effective solar energy utilization in a residential microgrid system using a cost-effective controller. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 132 Singla MK, Gupta J, Nijhawan P, Ganguli S, Rajest SS (2020) Development of an Efficient, Cheap, and Flexible IoT-Based Wind Turbine Emulator. In Business Intelligence for Enterprise Internet of Things (pp. 225-231). Springer, Cham Source: https://www.britannica.com/technology/windmill , accessed on 11th March 2022. Tascikaraoglu A (2018) Evaluation of spatio-temporal forecasting methods in various smart city applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 82:424–435 Wang YJ, Hsu PC (2011) An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells. Energy 36(5):3069–3078 Wang S, Wang X, Wang ZL, Yang Y (2016) Efficient scavenging of solar and wind energies in a smart city. ACS nano 10(6):5696–5700 Wang J, Zheng Z, Zu Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Hou J (2021) A tandem organic photovoltaic cell with 19.6% efficiency enabled by light distribution control. Adv Mater 33(39):2102787 Webb DJ (1982) Tides and tidal energy. Contemp Phys 23(5):419–442 Weiss DN (2021) Tandem solar cells beyond perovskite-silicon. Joule 5(9):2247–2250 Xu W, Li G, Zheng X, Li Y, Li S, Zhang C, Wang F (2021) High-resolution numerical simulation of the performance of vertical axis wind turbines in urban area: Part I, wind turbines on the side of single building. Renewable Energy 177:461–474 Yigitcanlar T, Kankanamge N, Vella K (2021) How are smart city concepts and technologies perceived and utilized? A systematic geo-Twitter analysis of smart cities in Australia. J Urban Technol 28(1–2):135–154 Yoo JJ, Seo G, Chua MR, Park TG, Lu Y, Rotermund F, Seo J (2021) Efficient perovskite solar cells via improved carrier management. Nature590(7847):587-593 Zhang W, Maleki A, Pourfayaz F, Shadloo MS (2021) An artificial intelligence approach to optimization of an off-grid hybrid wind/hydrogen system. Int J Hydrog Energy 46(24):12725–12738 Zheng Z, Wang J, Bi P, Ren J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Hou J (2022) Tandem organic solar cell with 20.2% efficiency. Joule6(1):171-184 Zhou B, Pei J, Nasir DM, Zhang J (2021) A review on solar pavement and photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system. Transp Res Part D: Transp Environ 93 https://www.globalsources.com/STM/knowledge/article/solar-wind-hybrid-systems-for-steady-power-generation/ , accessed on 20th October 2022.