Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Một Công Cụ Hỗ Trợ Quyết Định Để Ngăn Ngừa Ô Nhiễm Nước Và Eutro-ph hoá Tại Các Hồ Nông Phụ Thuộc Nguồn Nước Dưới Đất Từ Các Khu Vực Ven Đô Dựa Trên Khung DPSIR
Tóm tắt
Sự suy giảm chất lượng nước trên toàn cầu là một vấn đề môi trường nghiêm trọng. Các nhà quản lý nước vẫn cần các công cụ hoạt động để đánh giá các vấn đề liên quan đến nước và để thông báo cho kế hoạch và quyết định về nước. Mục tiêu của bài viết này là đề xuất một khuôn khổ phương pháp ba bước để đánh giá vấn đề ô nhiễm nước thông qua việc kết hợp công cụ mô hình khái niệm (DPSIR) với phát triển một mô hình định lượng (Mô hình Quyết định Đa tiêu chí). Đóng góp này cung cấp một công cụ đánh giá thực tiễn và linh hoạt để thực hiện một đánh giá tích hợp về sự eutro-ph hoá và các hóa chất nông nghiệp được cung cấp cho các hồ nông phụ thuộc vào nước ngầm. Nó đặt ra các hướng dẫn hành động cho các nhà quản lý môi trường trong bối cảnh các thành phố trung gian tại các nước đang phát triển. Bốn mươi mốt chỉ số đã được xác định để đặc trưng cho các thành phần D-P-S-I và cho việc khái niệm hóa mô hình đa tiêu chí. Trong nghiên cứu này, phân tích các tùy chọn phản hồi bao gồm việc đánh giá và lựa chọn các công cụ quản lý nước thông qua một công cụ hỗ trợ quyết định. Hai lưu vực hồ nước nằm ở khu vực ven đô của hai thành phố có quy mô trung bình tại Argentina đã được chọn để minh họa cho cách tiếp cận phương pháp này. Kết quả thu được cho phép thiết lập một bảng xếp hạng các khu vực cần ưu tiên, xác định các tiêu chí và tiêu chí phụ để tập trung vào việc đưa ra các hướng dẫn hành động nhằm giảm thiểu ô nhiễm nước và sự eutro-ph hoá. Những hướng dẫn hành động này là rất cần thiết ở các nước đang nổi, nơi các nguồn lực tài chính, nhân lực và cơ sở hạ tầng đều hạn chế. Sự khan hiếm của các nguồn lực như vậy gây ra những hệ lụy quan trọng liên quan đến các giải pháp chính sách cho các vấn đề môi trường. Công cụ hỗ trợ quyết định đã được triển khai ở cả hai lưu vực hồ nước đã cung cấp một cơ sở chung để hiểu biết về các vấn đề ô nhiễm nước hiện tại và một thứ hạng định lượng (tức là, điểm quyết định) để xác định các hành động cụ thể (phản hồi) cho các áp lực do con người gây ra đối với các hệ thống tự nhiên như vậy.
Từ khóa
#ô nhiễm nước #nước ngầm #eutrophication #công cụ hỗ trợ quyết định #quản lý tài nguyên nước #mô hình đa tiêu chí #các hồ nôngTài liệu tham khảo
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