A Cross-Cultural Approach to Understanding Entrepreneurial Intention
Tóm tắt
The current research aims to shed light on the role of culture in the formation of career intentions. It draws on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen), which has been widely employed to predict intentions, including entrepreneurial career intentions, but past research has almost exclusively been conducted in “Western” countries. The current research specifically explores the extent to which both the strength of relationships of TPB predictors with entrepreneurial career intentions and the TPB predictors themselves are invariant across cultures. The study compares six very different countries (Germany, India, Iran, Poland, Spain, and the Netherlands), drawing on an overall sample of 1,074 students and their assessments of entrepreneurial career intentions. Results support culture universal effects of attitudes and perceived behavioral control (self-efficacy) on entrepreneurial career intentions but cultural variation in the effects of subjective norm.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ajzen I. (2002a). Constructing a TPB questionnaire: conceptual and methodological considerations. Retrieved from http://www.people.umass.edu/aizen/
Ajzen I., 1980, Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior
Arbuckle J. L., 2006, AMOS (Version 6.0)
Bosma N., Acs Z. J., Autio E., Coduras A., Levie J. (2008). Global entrepreneurship monitor. 2008 Executive Report. Retrieved from http://www.gemconsortium.org/
Brown T., 2006, Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research methodology in the social sciences
DeVellis R. F., 1991, Scale development: theory and applications
European Commission. (2003). Green paper “Entrepreneurship in Europe.” Retrieved from http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/entrepreneurship/green_paper
Hambleton R. K., 1994, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 10, 229
Hofstede G., 2001, Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations
House R. J., 2004, Culture, Leadership and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies
Jacob K., 2005, Wirtschaftspsychologie, 2, 51
Kuehn K. W., 2008, Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 11, 87
Laguna M., 2008, Studia Psychologiczne [Psychological Studies], 46, 27
Moriano J. A., 2005, El perfil psicosocial del emprendedor [The psychosocial profile of the entrepreneur]
Shane S., 2008, The illusions of entrepreneurship
Shapero A., 1982, The encyclopedia of entrepreneurship, 72
Triandis H. C., 1995, Individualism & collectivism