A Compact Ultrawideband Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna and Its Efficacy in Through-Wall Imaging

Sensing and Imaging - 2024
Yajush Rai1, Shailza Gotra2, Bambam Kumar3, Smriti Agarwal1, Dharmendra Singh2
1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MNNIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NIT Patna, Patna, India

Tóm tắt

An ultrawide band (UWB) antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) is presented in this paper for through wall imaging application. The traditional Vivaldi antenna is modified by introducing asymmetric elliptical slots at the edges, an extended dielectric substrate and modified ground. The fabricated antenna prototype is of compact size of 119 × 70 mm2. The measurement in anechoic chamber shows a ultrawide operating band from 1.85 to 9.2 GHz and the peak gain of 9.2 dBi. Both simulation and experimental results for the S11 and Gain are presented and compared which come in close agreement. Further, the designed antenna is tested for through wall imaging applications. The emitted signal has been sent in stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) mode with 201 frequency points from the VNA and the target under investigation was placed behind the brick wall at a standoff distance. The target location was correctly detected and also the width of the target was further calculated using the delay-sum algorithm.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Withington, P., Fluhler, H., & Nag, S. (2003). Enhancing homeland security with advanced UWB sensors. IEEE Microwave Magazine, 4, 51–58.

http://www.novelda.no/

Yang, Y., & Fathy, A. E. (2009). Development and implementation of a real-time see-through-wall radar system based on FPGA. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47(5), 1270–1280.

New public safety applications and broadband internet access among uses envisioned by FCC authorization of UWB technology. Federal Communications Commission, February 14, 2002.

Pandeeswari, R., Ko, S., & Kouki, A. B. (2023). A compact Balanced Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna with improved phase center stability for imaging and ultrawideband localization applications. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 170, 154844.

Chandra, R., Gaikwad, A. N., Singn, D., & Nigam, M. J. (2008). An approach to remove the clutter and detect the target for ultrawideband through-wall imaging. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 5, 412–419.

Dehmollaian, M., Thiel, M., & Sarabandi, K. (2009). Through-the-wall imaging using differential SAR. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47(5), 1289–1296.

Binzlekar, V., Sharma, A., & Agarwal, S. (2022). A high gain and wide bandwidth Grooved AML loaded Vivaldi Antenna design for imaging and communication applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 64(7), 1217–1223.

Yang, Y., Wang, Y., & Fathy, A. E. (2008). Design of compact Vivaldi antenna arrays for UWB see through wall applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 82, 401–418.

Gazit, E. (1988). Improved design of the Vivaldi antenna. IEE Proceedings H Microwaves Antennas and Propagation, 135(2), 89–92.

Chu, H. B., Shirai, H., Dao, N. D. (2015). Effect of curvature of antipodal Vivaldi structure on Vivaldi antennas. In IEEE international symposium on antenna and propagation (pp. 2331–2332).

Dastranj, A. (2015). Wideband antipodal Vivaldi antenna with enhanced radiation parameters. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 9(15), 1755–1760.

Hong, H., Ahn, J., Jeong, J.-G., et al. (2015). Gain enhancement technique for an antipodal Vivaldi antenna. In IEEE international symposium on antenna and propagation (pp. 2343–2344).

Huang, T. J., & Hsu, H. T. (2011). Antipodal dual exponentially tapered slot antennas (DETSA) with corrugations for front-to-back ratio improvement. In IEEE international workshop on electromagnetics, applications and student innovation (iWEM) (pp. 48–51).

Kota, K., & Shafai, L. (2011). Gain and radiation pattern enhancement of balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna. Electronics Letters, 47(5), 303–304.

De Oliveira, A., Perotoni, M. B., Kofuji, S. T., et al. (2015). A palm tree antipodal Vivaldi antenna with exponential slot edge for improved radiation pattern. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 14, 1334–1337.

Natarajan, R., George, J. V., Kanagasabai, M., et al. (2016). Modified antipodal Vivaldi antenna for ultra-wideband communications. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 10(4), 401–405.

Nassar, I. T., & Weller, T. M. (2015). A novel method for improving antipodal Vivaldi antenna performance. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 63(7), 3321–3324.

H. Nornikman, M. Abdulmalek, B. H. Ahmad, O. Al-Khatib, M. Z. A. Abd Aziz, H. A. Rahim, Y. Y. Soon, M. S. Muslimah, R. Syazwany, H. I. Salimi, M. Y. Amirul, & M. S. N. Azizi. (2017). A modified antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) with elliptical slotting edge (ESE) for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. In 2017 progress in electromagnetics research symposium—Fall (PIERS — FALL), Singapore, 19–22 November, 2017.

Bivalkar, M., Kumar, B., & Singh, D. (2019). Modified low rank approximation for detection of weak target by noise space exploitation in through wall imaging. Defence Science Journal, 69(5), 464–468.

Teja, M. V. S. R., Kumar, A., & Prasanth, C. V. S. (2014). Comparative analysis of windowing techniques in minimizing side lobes in an antenna array. In 2014 international conference on communication and signal processing (pp. 1380–1383).

Yang, H., Li, T., Li, N., He, Z., & Liu, Q. H. (2016). Time-gating-based time reversal imaging for impulse borehole radar in layered media. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 54(5), 2695–2705.

Rittiplang, A., & Phasukkit, P. (2023). 1-Tx/5-Rx through-wall UWB switched-antenna-array radar for detecting stationary humans. Sensors, 20(23), 6828.

Zhu, F., Gao, S., Ho, A. T. S., Brown, T. W., Li, J., & Xu, J. D. (2011). Low-profile directional ultra-wideband antenna for see-through-wall imaging applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 121, 121–139.

Zhang, J., Lan, H., Liu, M., & Yang, Y. (2019). A handheld nano through-wall radar locating with the gain-enhanced vivaldi antenna. IEEE Sensors Journal, 20(8), 4420–4429.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Sensing and Imaging

Thông tin tác giả