Seasonality of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in sedges in a semi-arid tropical grassland

Aerts, 1992, Seasonal allocation of biomass and nitrogen in four Carex species from a mesotrophic and eutrophic fens as affected by nitrogen supply, J. Ecol., 80, 653, 10.2307/2260857 Allen, 1983, Formation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in Atriplex gardneri (Chenopodiaceae): seasonal response in a cold desert, Mycologia, 75, 773, 10.2307/3792769 Biermann, 1983, Use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal roots, intraradical vesicles and extraradical vesicles as inoculum, New Phytol., 95, 97, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1983.tb03472.x Bohrer, 2001, Effects of environmental variables on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal abundance in wild populations of Vangueria infausta, J. Veg. Sci., 12, 279, 10.2307/3236612 Bolan, 1991, A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants, Plant Soil, 134, 189, 10.1007/BF00012037 Braunberger, 1994, The effect of rain in the dry-season on the formation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas in the growing season of annual clover-based pastures, New Phytol., 127, 107, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb04264.x Brundrett, 1991, Mycorrhizas in natural ecosystems, Adv. Ecol. Res., 21, 171, 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60099-9 Brundrett, 1990, The roots and mycorrhizas of herbaceous woodland plants. I. Quantitative aspects of morphology, New Phytol., 114, 457, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00414.x Brundrett, 1988, The mycorrhizal status, root anatomy and phenology of plants in a sugar maple forest, Can. J. Bot., 66, 1153, 10.1139/b88-166 Buwalda, 1982, Host–fungus competition for carbon as a cause of growth depression in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal ryegrass, Soil Biol. Biochem., 14, 103, 10.1016/0038-0717(82)90052-9 Chambers, 1980, Effects of ammonium and nitrate ions on mycorrhizal infection, nodulation and growth of Trifolium subterraneum, New Phytol., 85, 47, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1980.tb04447.x De Karoon, 1998, The interaction between water and nitrogen translocation in a rhizomatous sedge (Carex flacca), Oecologia, 116, 38, 10.1007/s004420050561 Dekker, 1996, Uneven moisture patterns in water repellent soil, Geoderma, 70, 87, 10.1016/0016-7061(95)00075-5 Douds Jr, 2000, Application of in vitro methods to study carbon uptake and transport by AM fungi, Plant Soil, 226, 255, 10.1023/A:1026466802354 Francis, 1995, Mutualism and antagonism in the mycorrhizal symbiosis with special reference to the impacts on plant community structure, Can. J. Bot., 73, 1301, 10.1139/b95-391 Furlan, 1989, Effect of N, P and K on formation of endomycorrhizae, growth and mineral content of onion, Plant Soil, 113, 167, 10.1007/BF02280177 Giovannetti, 1998, Meeting a non-host: the behaviour of AM fungi, Mycorrhiza, 8, 123, 10.1007/s005720050224 Graham, 1997, Carbohydrate allocation patterns in citrus genotypes as affected by phosphorus nutrition, mycorrhizal colonization and mycorrhizal dependency, New Phytol., 135, 335, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00636.x Harnett, 1994, Plant demographic responses to mycorrhizal symbiosis in tall grass prairie, Oecologia, 99, 21, 10.1007/BF00317079 Haselwandter, 1982, The significance of a root–fungus association in two Carex species of high-alpine plant communities, Oecologia, 52, 352, 10.1007/BF00389012 1993 Jackson, 1971 Johnson, 1984, Influence of ammonium:nitrate ratio and solution pH on mycorrhizal infection, growth and nutrient composition of Chrysanthemum morifolium var. circus, Plant Soil, 77, 151, 10.1007/BF02182919 Jumpponen, 1998, Dark-septate root endophytes: a review with special reference to facultative biotrophic symbiosis, New Phytol., 140, 295, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00265.x Kitt, 1988, Relationship of soil fertility to suppression of the growth response of mycorrhizal big bluestem in non-sterile soil, New Phytol., 109, 473, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1988.tb03723.x Konings, 1992, Growth characteristics and seasonal allocation patterns of biomass and nutrients in Carex species growing in floating fens, Plant Soil, 147, 183, 10.1007/BF00029070 Koske, 1992, Mycorrhizae in Hawaiian angiosperms: a survey with implications for the origin of native flora, Am. J. Bot., 79, 853, 10.2307/2444994 Louis, 1987, Spore density and root colonization of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas in tropical soil, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 88, 207, 10.1016/S0007-1536(87)80216-4 Lovera, 1996, Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in Cyperaceae and Gramineae from natural, disturbed and restored savannas in La Gran Sabana, Venezuela. Mycorrhiza, 6, 111, 10.1007/s005720050115 Lubes, 1956, Relation of available potassium to soil moisture, Soil Sci. Am. Proc, 20, 45, 10.2136/sssaj1956.03615995002000010011x McGonigle, 1990, Ecological specificity of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal associations, Mycol. Res., 94, 120, 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81272-0 McGonigle, 1990, A method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, New Phytol., 115, 495, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00476.x Meney, 1993, Occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in dryland species of Restoniaceae and Cyperaceae from south-west Western Australia, Aust. J. Bot., 41, 733, 10.1071/BT9930733 Mengel, 1980, Potassium in crop production, Adv. Agron., 33, 59, 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60164-9 Merryweather, 1998, The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Hyacinthoides non-scripta. II. Seasonal and spatial patterns of fungal populations, New Phytol., 138, 131, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00889.x Michelini, 1993, Relationships between environmental factors and levels of mycorrhizal infection of citrus on four islands in the Eastern Caribbean, Trop. Agric. (Trinidad), 70, 135 Miller, 1999, Mycorrhizal status of the genus Carex (Cyperaceae), Am. J. Bot., 86, 547, 10.2307/2656816 Mullen, 1993, Mycorrhizal infection, phosphorus uptake and phenology in Ranunculus adoneus: implications for the functioning of mycorrhizae in alpine systems, Oecologia, 94, 229, 10.1007/BF00341321 Muthukumar, 2000, Arbuscular mycorrhizas of plants growing in the Western Ghats region, southern India, Mycorrhiza, 9, 297, 10.1007/s005720050274 Muthukumar, 2000, Influence of organic manures on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. in relation to tissue nutrients and soluble carbohydrate in roots under field conditions, Biol. Fertil. Soils, 31, 114, 10.1007/s003740050633 Muthukumar, 1996, Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in tropical sedges of southern India, Biol. Fertil. Soils, 22, 96, 10.1007/BF00384439 Muthukumar, 1997, Influence of native endomycorrhiza, soil flooding and nurse plant on mycorrhizal status and growth of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L), Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 61, 51, 10.1016/S0167-8809(96)01073-0 Muthukumar, 1999, Mycorrhizae in sedges as related to root characters and its ecological significance, Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci., 22, 9 Newman, 1987, The distribution of mycorrhizas among families of vascular plants, New Phytol., 106, 745, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb00175.x Newsham, 1999, Phialophora graminicola, a dark septate fungus is a beneficial associate of the grass Vulpia ciliata spp. ambigua, New Phytol., 144, 517, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00537.x Ouimet, 1996, Effect of soil K, Ca and Mg saturation and endomycorrhization on growth and nutrient uptake of sugar maple seedlings, Plant Soil, 179, 207, 10.1007/BF00009330 Powell, 1975, Rushes and sedges are non-mycotrophic, Plant Soil, 42, 481, 10.1007/BF00010023 Proctor, 1975, The ecology of serpentine soils, Adv. Ecol. Res., 9, 255, 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60291-3 Rabatin, 1979, Seasonal and edaphic variation in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection of grasses by Glomus tenius, New Phytol., 83, 95, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1979.tb00730.x Rabb, 1999, Soil amino acid utilization among species of the Cyperaceae: plant and soil processes, Ecology, 80, 2408, 10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[2408:SAAUAS]2.0.CO;2 Ritsema, 1994, Soil moisture and bulk density patterns in bare dune sands, J. Hydrol., 154, 107, 10.1016/0022-1694(94)90214-3 Robinson, 1999, The magnitude and control of carbon transfer between plants linked by a common mycorrhizal network, J. Exp. Bot., 50, 9, 10.1093/jexbot/50.330.9 Saito, 1994, Effects of low temperature and shade on relationships between nodulation, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection and shoot growth of soybeans, Biol. Fertil. Soils, 17, 206, 10.1007/BF00336324 Sanders, 1990, Seasonal patterns of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal occurrence in grasslands, Symbiosis, 9, 315 Sanders, 1992, The ecology and functioning of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas in co-existing grass land species. I. Seasonal patterns of mycorrhizal occurrence and morphology, New Phytol., 120, 517, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1992.tb01801.x Schenck, 1991 Smith, 1997 Solaiman, 1997, Use of sugar by intraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi revealed by radiorespirometry, New Phytol., 136, 533, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00757.x 1998 Sylvia, 1990, Nitrogen affects the phosphorus response of VA mycorrhiza, New Phytol., 115, 303, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00456.x Tester, 1987, The phenomenon of “nonmycorrhizal” plants, Can. J. Bot., 65, 419, 10.1139/b87-051 Thompson, 1986, Soilless culture of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of cereals: effects of nutrient concentration and nitrogen source, Can. J. Bot., 64, 2282, 10.1139/b86-299 Udaiyan, 1996, Influence of edaphic and climatic factors on dynamics of root colonization and spore density of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Acacia farnesiana Willd. and A. planifrons W. et A, Trees, 11, 65 Van der Heijden, 1998, Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability and productivity, Nature (London), 396, 69, 10.1038/23932 Wetzel, 1995, Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in prairie pothole wet land vegetation in Iowa and North Dakota, Can. J. Bot., 74, 883, 10.1139/b96-110 Wetzel, 1998, Effects of nutrient and soil moisture on competition between Carex stricata, Phalaris arundinacea and Typha latifolia, Plant Ecol., 138, 179, 10.1023/A:1009751703827