Hypolipidemic mechanisms of pectin and psyllium in guinea pigs fed high fat–sucrose diets: alterations on hepatic cholesterol metabolism

Krithchevsky, 1986, Influence of dietary fiber on cholesterol metabolism in experimental animals, 129 Anderson, 1986, Dietary fiber: hyperlipidemia, hypertension and coronary heart disease, Am. J. Gastroenterol., 81, 907 Ginsberg, 1981, Effect of a high carbohydrate diet on apoB catabolism in men, Metabolism, 30, 347, 10.1016/0026-0495(81)90114-1 Grundy, 1990, Dietary influence on serum lipids and lipoproteins, J. Lipid Res., 31, 1149, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)42625-2 Grundy, 1986, Comparison of monounsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates for lowering plasma cholesterol, N. Engl. J. Med., 314, 745, 10.1056/NEJM198603203141204 McNamara, 1992, Dietary fatty acids, lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease, Adv. Food Nutr. Res., 36, 253, 10.1016/S1043-4526(08)60107-2 Fernandez, 1995, Carbohydrate type and amount alter intravascular processing and catabolism of plasma lipoproteins in guinea pigs, Lipids, 30, 619, 10.1007/BF02536998 Fernandez, 1995, Psyllium reduces plasma LDL in guinea pigs by altering hepatic cholesterol homeostasis, J. Lipid Res., 36, 1128, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)39871-0 Fernandez, 1995, Distinct mechanism of plasma LDL lowering by dietary fiber in the guinea pig: specific effects of pectin, guar gum, and psyllium, J. Lipid Res., 36, 2394, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)39720-0 Horton, 1994, Regulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression by dietary psyllium in the hamster, J. Clin. Invest., 93, 2084, 10.1172/JCI117203 Everson, 1992, Effects of psyllium hydrophobic mucilloid on LDL-cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in hypercholesterolemic men, J. Lipid Res., 33, 1183, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)40770-9 Fernandez, 1994, Citrus pectin and cholesterol interact to regulate hepatic cholesterol homeostasis and lipoprotein metabolism: a dose response study in guinea pigs, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 814, 10.1093/ajcn/65.3.814 Fernandez, 1997, Regulation of VLDL-LDL apoB metabolism and plasma lipoprotein processing in guinea pigs by dietary soluble fiber, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 814, 10.1093/ajcn/65.3.814 Lin, 1992, The effects of dietary fat saturation on cholesterol metabolism in the guinea pig, J. Nutr., 122, 2019, 10.1093/jn/122.10.2019 Allain, 1974, Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol, Clin. Chem., 20, 470, 10.1093/clinchem/20.4.470 Warnick, 1992, Dextran-sulphate-Mg+2 precipitation procedure for quantitation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Clin. Chem., 28, 1379, 10.1093/clinchem/28.6.1379 Carr, 1993, Enzymatic determination of triglyceride, free cholesterol and total cholesterol in tissue lipid extracts, Clin. Biochem., 26, 39, 10.1016/0009-9120(93)90015-X Markwell, 1978, A modification of the Lowry procedure to simplify protein determination in membrane and lipoprotein samples, Anal. Biochem., 87, 206, 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90586-9 Homquist, 1987, Comparison between the use of isopropanol and tetramethylurea for the solubilization and quantitation of human serum very low density lipoproteins, Anal. Biochem. J., 149, 423 Chapman, 1975, The distribution and partial characterization of the serum apolipoproteins in the guinea pig, Biochem. J., 149, 423, 10.1042/bj1490423 Stoffel, 1981, Selective removal of apoB-containing serum lipoproteins from blood plasma, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 12, 611, 10.1073/pnas.78.1.611 Ishida, 1992, Silver-enhanced radial immunodiffusion assay of plasma lipoproteins, J. Lipid. Res., 33, 1073, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41423-3 Shapiro, 1969, Thin-layer chromatographic assay for HMG-CoA reductase and mevalonic acid, Anal. Biochem., 31, 383, 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90279-6 Smith, 1986, Hepatic acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase. Development of a standard assay and determination in patients with cholesterol gallstones, Clin. Chem. Acta., 158, 271, 10.1016/0009-8981(86)90291-3 Shefer, 1968, 7α-Hydroxylation of cholesterol by rat liver microsomes, J. Lipid Res., 9, 328, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)43099-8 Jelinek, 1990, Cloning and regulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in the bile acids biosynthesis, J. Biol. Chem., 265, 8190, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39056-8 Goldstein, 1983, Receptor-mediated endocytosis of low density lipoprotein in cultured cells, Methods. Enzymol., 98, 241, 10.1016/0076-6879(83)98152-1 Keightley, 1983, Properties and interpretation of the Woolf and Scatchard plots in analyzing the data from steroid receptor assays, J. Steroid Biochem., 9, 1407, 10.1016/0022-4731(83)91115-9 Abdel-Fattah, 1995, Regulation of guinea pig very low density lipoprotein secretion rates by dietary fat saturation, J. Lipid. Res., 36, 1188, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41127-7 Fernandez, 1995, Differential effects of simple vs. complex carbohydrates on VLDL secretion rates and HDL metabolism in the guinea pig, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1256, 31, 10.1016/0005-2760(95)00007-Y National Research Council, 1978 Egusa, 1987, Isopropanol precipitation method for the determination of apolipoprotein B specific activity and plasma concentrations during metabolic studies of very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein apoprotein B, J. Lipid Res., 24, 1418 Matthews, 1957, The theory of tracer experiments with 131I-labeled plasma proteins, Phy. Med. Biol., 2, 36, 10.1088/0031-9155/2/1/305 Abbot, 1990, Effect of a high-carbohydrate low-saturated fat diet on apolipoprotein B and triglyceride metabolism in Pima Indians, J. Clin. Invest., 86, 642, 10.1172/JCI114756 Sprecher, 1993, Efficacy of psyllium in reducing serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic patients on high- or low-fat diets, Ann. Intern. Med., 7, 545, 10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_Part_1-199310010-00001 Berglund, 1989, Effects of lovastatin therapy on guinea pig low density lipoprotein composition and metabolism, J. Lipid Res., 30, 1591, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38242-0 West, 1990, Boys from populations with high carbohydrate intake have higher fasting triglycerides levels than boys from populations with high-fat intake, Am. J. Epidemiol., 131, 271, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115497 Huff, 1994, Inhibition of hepatic ACAT decreases apoB secretion in miniature pigs fed cholesterol-free diet, Arterioscler. Thromb., 14, 1498, 10.1161/01.ATV.14.9.1498 Fernandez, 1992, Regulation of guinea pig plasma low density lipoprotein kinetics by dietary fat saturation, J. Lipid Res., 33, 97, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41887-5 Ebihara, 1989, Interaction of bile acids, phospholipids, cholesterol and triglyceride with dietary fibers in the small intestine in rats, J. Nutr., 119, 1100, 10.1093/jn/119.8.1100 Vuorinen-Markkola, 1992, Guar gum in insulin-dependent diabetes: effects on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 56, 1056, 10.1093/ajcn/56.6.1056 Romero, 1996, Dietary fat amount and carbohydrate type regulate hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity. Possible links between ACAT activity and plasma cholesterol levels, Nutr. Res., 16, 937, 10.1016/0271-5317(96)00093-0 Suckling, 1985, Role of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase in cellular cholesterol metabolism, J. Lipid Res., 26, 647, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)34322-4 Melish, 1980, Dissociation of apoprotein B and triglyceride production in very low density lipoproteins, J. Am. Physiol., 239, E354 Elovson, 1988, Plasma very low density lipoproteins contain a single molecule of apolipoprotein B, J. Lipid Res., 29, 1461, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38425-X Ginsberg, 1990, Lipoprotein physiology and its relationship to atherogenesis, Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am., 19, 211, 10.1016/S0889-8529(18)30322-0 Mazur, 1990, Effects of diets rich in fermentable carbohydrates on plasma lipoprotein levels and lipoprotein catabolism in rats, J. Nutr., 120, 1037, 10.1093/jn/120.9.1037 Turley, 1995, Mechanisms of LDL-cholesterol lowering action of psyllium hydrophyllic mucilloid in the hamster, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1255, 177, 10.1016/0005-2760(94)00216-L