An overview of key pretreatment processes employed for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and value added products

3 Biotech - Tập 3 - Trang 415-431 - 2013
Venkatesh Chaturvedi1, Pradeep Verma2,3
1School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
2Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India.
3Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India

Tóm tắt

The hunt for alternative sources of energy generation that are inexpensive, ecofriendly, renewable and can replace fossil fuels is on, owing to the increasing demands of energy. One approach in this direction is the conversion of plant residues into biofuels wherein lignocellulose, which forms the structural framework of plants consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, is first broken down and hydrolyzed into simple fermentable sugars, which upon fermentation form biofuels such as ethanol. A major bottleneck is to disarray lignin which is present as a protective covering and makes cellulose and hemicellulose recalcitrant to enzymatic hydrolysis. A number of biomass deconstruction or pretreatment processes (physical, chemical and biological) have been used to break the structural framework of plants and depolymerize lignin. This review surveys and discusses some major pretreatment processes pertaining to the pretreatment of plant biomass, which are used for the production of biofuels and other value added products. The emphasis is given on processes that provide maximum amount of sugars, which are subsequently used for the production of biofuels.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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