Peptide based antimicrobials: Design strategies and therapeutic potential

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology - Tập 142 - Trang 10-22 - 2019
Prakash Kishore Hazam1, Ruchika Goyal1, Vibin Ramakrishnan1
1Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, India

Tài liệu tham khảo

Amiche, 1999, The dermaseptin precursors: a protein family with a common preproregion and a variable C-terminal antimicrobial domain, FEBS Lett., 456, 352, 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00964-3 Aminov, 2010, A brief history of the antibiotic era: lessons learned and challenges for the future, Front. Microbiol., 1, 134, 10.3389/fmicb.2010.00134 Andersson, 2016, Mechanisms and consequences of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides, Drug Resist. Updates, 26, 43, 10.1016/j.drup.2016.04.002 Avrahami, 2002, Conjugation of a magainin analogue with lipophilic acids controls hydrophobicity, solution assembly, and cell selectivity, Biochemistry, 41, 2254, 10.1021/bi011549t Bahar, 2013, Antimicrobial peptides, Pharmaceuticals, 6, 1543, 10.3390/ph6121543 Banemann, 1998, The lipopolysaccharide of Bordetella bronchiseptica acts as a protective shield against antimicrobial peptides, Infect. Immun., 66, 5607, 10.1128/IAI.66.12.5607-5612.1998 Baumann, 2017, Prospects of in vivo incorporation of non-canonical amino acids for the chemical diversification of antimicrobial peptides, Front. Microbiol., 8, 124, 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00124 Blaskovich, 2016, Unusual amino acids in medicinal chemistry, J. Med. Chem., 59, 10807, 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00319 Blazyk, 2001, A novel linear amphipathic beta-sheet cationic antimicrobial peptide with enhanced selectivity for bacterial lipids, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 27899, 10.1074/jbc.M102865200 Breazeale, 2005, A formyltransferase required for polymyxin resistance in Escherichia coli and the modification of lipid A with 4-Amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose. Identification and function oF UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 14154, 10.1074/jbc.M414265200 Brogden, 1997, Small, anionic, and charge-neutralizing propeptide fragments of zymogens are antimicrobial, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41, 1615, 10.1128/AAC.41.7.1615 Chain, 2005, THE CLASSIC: penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent. 1940, Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res., 439, 23, 10.1097/01.blo.0000183429.83168.07 Chan, 2005, Alginate as an auxiliary bacterial membrane: binding of membrane-active peptides by polysaccharides, J. Pept. Res., 65, 343, 10.1111/j.1399-3011.2005.00217.x Chen, 2005, Tachyplesin activates the classic complement pathway to kill tumor cells, Canc. Res., 65, 4614, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-2253 Chen, 2017, Stabilization of peptides against proteolysis through disulfide-bridged conjugation with synthetic aromatics, Org. Biomol. Chem., 15, 1921, 10.1039/C6OB02786E Chopra, 2001, Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 65, 232, 10.1128/MMBR.65.2.232-260.2001 Chung, 2017, Antimicrobial peptides as potential anti-biofilm agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria, J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect., 50, 405, 10.1016/j.jmii.2016.12.005 Clardy, 2009, The natural history of antibiotics, Curr. Biol.: CB (Curr. Biol.), 19, R437, 10.1016/j.cub.2009.04.001 Cole, 2016, Bacterial evasion of host antimicrobial peptide defenses, Microbiol. Spectr., 4, 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0006-2015 Colomb-Cotinat, 2016, Estimating the morbidity and mortality associated with infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB), France, 2012, Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Contr., 5, 56, 10.1186/s13756-016-0154-z Conlon, 2014, Potential therapeutic applications of multifunctional host-defense peptides from frog skin as anti-cancer, anti-viral, immunomodulatory, and anti-diabetic agents, Peptides, 57, 67, 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.04.019 Czaplewski, 2016, Alternatives to antibiotics-a pipeline portfolio review, Lancet Infect. Dis., 16, 239, 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00466-1 Dalhoff, 2006, Redefining penems, Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 1085, 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.12.003 Damodaran, 2011, Telavancin: a novel lipoglycopeptide antibiotic, J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother., 2, 135, 10.4103/0976-500X.81918 Demain, 2009, Microbial drug discovery: 80 years of progress, J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 62, 5, 10.1038/ja.2008.16 Di Luca, 2015, BaAMPs: the database of biofilm-active antimicrobial peptides, Biofouling, 31, 193, 10.1080/08927014.2015.1021340 Di, 2015, Strategic approaches to optimizing peptide ADME properties, AAPS J, 17, 134, 10.1208/s12248-014-9687-3 Dubos, 1939, Studies on a bactericidal agent extracted from a soil bacillus: ii. protective effect of the bactericidal agent against experimental pneumococcus infections in mice, J. Exp. Med., 70, 11, 10.1084/jem.70.1.11 Dubos, 1939, Studies on a bactericidal agent extracted from a soil bacillus: i. preparation of the agent. its activity in vitro, J. Exp. Med., 70, 1, 10.1084/jem.70.1.1 Durani, 2008, Protein design with L- and D-alpha-amino acid structures as the alphabet, Acc. Chem. Res., 41, 1301, 10.1021/ar700265t Epand, 2016, Molecular mechanisms of membrane targeting antibiotics, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr., 1858, 980, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.10.018 Fan, 2016, DRAMP: a comprehensive data repository of antimicrobial peptides, Sci. Rep., 6, 24482, 10.1038/srep24482 Fathy Mohamed, 2017, The LpxL acyltransferase is required for normal growth and penta-acylation of lipid A in Burkholderia cenocepacia, Mol. Microbiol., 104, 144, 10.1111/mmi.13618 Flamm, 2015, In vitro spectrum of pexiganan activity when tested against pathogens from diabetic foot infections and with selected resistance mechanisms, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 59, 1751, 10.1128/AAC.04773-14 Fleming, 1922, On a remarkable bacteriolytic element found in tissues and secretions, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. - Ser. B Contain. Pap. a Biol. Character, 93, 306, 10.1098/rspb.1922.0023 Fosgerau, 2015, Peptide therapeutics: current status and future directions, Drug Discov. Today, 20, 122, 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.10.003 Frase, 2009, Mechanistic basis for the emergence of catalytic competence against carbapenem antibiotics by the GES family of beta-lactamases, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 29509, 10.1074/jbc.M109.011262 Frere, 1974, Binding of beta-lactam antibiotics to the exocellular DD-carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase of Streptomyces R39, Biochem. J., 143, 241, 10.1042/bj1430241 Fuselier, 2017, Spontaneous membrane translocating peptides: the role of leucine-arginine consensus motifs, Biophys. J., 113, 835, 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.070 Ganz, 2003, Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 3, 710, 10.1038/nri1180 Gazit, 1996, Structure and orientation of the mammalian antibacterial peptide cecropin P1 within phospholipid membranes, J. Mol. Biol., 258, 860, 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0293 Genchi, 2017, An overview on D-amino acids, Amino Acids, 49, 1521, 10.1007/s00726-017-2459-5 Giacometti, 2005, In vitro activity of amphibian peptides alone and in combination with antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from surgical wound infection, Peptides, 26, 2111, 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.03.009 Gogoladze, 2014, DBAASP: database of antimicrobial activity and structure of peptides, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 357, 63, 10.1111/1574-6968.12489 Gomez, 2017, InverPep: a database of invertebrate antimicrobial peptides, J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 8, 13, 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.10.003 Gopal, 2014, Synergistic effects and antibiofilm properties of chimeric peptides against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 58, 1622, 10.1128/AAC.02473-13 Hammami, 2009, PhytAMP: a database dedicated to antimicrobial plant peptides, Nucleic Acids Res., 37, D963, 10.1093/nar/gkn655 Hammami, 2007, BACTIBASE: a new web-accessible database for bacteriocin characterization, BMC Microbiol., 7, 89, 10.1186/1471-2180-7-89 Hammami, 2010, BACTIBASE second release: a database and tool platform for bacteriocin characterization, BMC Microbiol., 10, 22, 10.1186/1471-2180-10-22 Hancock, 2006, Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies, Nat. Biotechnol., 24, 1551, 10.1038/nbt1267 Hancock, 1999, Peptide antibiotics, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 43, 1317, 10.1128/AAC.43.6.1317 Hartmann, 2010, Damage of the bacterial cell envelope by antimicrobial peptides gramicidin S and PGLa as revealed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 54, 3132, 10.1128/AAC.00124-10 Hansen, 1994, Nisin as a model food preservative, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 34, 69, 10.1080/10408399409527650 Haught, 1998, Recombinant production and purification of novel antisense antimicrobial peptide in Escherichia coli, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 57, 55, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19980105)57:1<55::AID-BIT7>3.0.CO;2-U Hazam, 2017, Effect of tacticity-derived topological constraints in bactericidal peptides, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr., 1859, 1388, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.002 Hazam, 2017, Peptido-mimetic approach in the design of syndiotactic antimicrobial peptides, Int. J. Pept. Res. Therapeut. Hazam, 2018, Bactericidal potency and extended serum life of stereo-chemically engineered peptides against Mycobacterium, Int. J. Pept. Res. Therapeut., 10.1007/s10989-018-9690-0 Heimlich, 2014, Host antimicrobial peptides in bacterial homeostasis and pathogenesis of disease, Antibiotics (Basel), 3, 645, 10.3390/antibiotics3040645 Henriques, 2006, Cell-penetrating peptides and antimicrobial peptides: how different are they?, Biochem. J., 399, 1, 10.1042/BJ20061100 Henry, 1943, The mode of action of sulfonamides, Bacteriol. Rev., 7, 175, 10.1128/MMBR.7.4.175-262.1943 Herce, 2007, Molecular dynamics simulations suggest a mechanism for translocation of the HIV-1 TAT peptide across lipid membranes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 104, 20805, 10.1073/pnas.0706574105 Herrlich, 1976, Nitrofurans, a group of synthetic antibiotics, with a new mode of action: discrimination of specific messenger RNA classes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 73, 3386, 10.1073/pnas.73.10.3386 Hilpert, 2006, Sequence requirements and an optimization strategy for short antimicrobial peptides, Chem. Biol., 13, 1101, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.08.014 Hoffman, 2005, Aminoglycoside antibiotics induce bacterial biofilm formation, Nature, 436, 1171, 10.1038/nature03912 Hooper, 1999, Mode of action of fluoroquinolones, Drugs, 58, 6, 10.2165/00003495-199958002-00002 Huo, 2016, Discovery and characterization of bicereucin, an unusual d-amino acid-containing mixed two-component lantibiotic, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 5254, 10.1021/jacs.6b02513 Jarver, 2006, Cell-penetrating peptides–a brief introduction, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1758, 260, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.02.012 Kamysz, 2003, Novel properties of antimicrobial peptides, Acta Biochim. Pol., 50, 461, 10.18388/abp.2003_3698 Kang, 2017, The therapeutic applications of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): a patent review, J. Microbiol., 55, 1 Kelkar, 2007, The gramicidin ion channel: a model membrane protein, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1768, 2011, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.05.011 Koba, 2005, Actinomycin D and its mechanisms of action, Postepy Hig. Med. Dosw., 59, 290 Kokryakov, 1993, Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of corticostatic defensins and tachyplesins, FEBS Lett., 327, 231, 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80175-T Koszalka, 2011, Antitumor activity of antimicrobial peptides against U937 histiocytic cell line, Acta Biochim. Pol., 58, 111, 10.18388/abp.2011_2293 Kotra, 2000, Aminoglycosides: perspectives on mechanisms of action and resistance and strategies to counter resistance, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 44, 3249, 10.1128/AAC.44.12.3249-3256.2000 Kumar, 2010, Creating novel protein scripts beyond natural alphabets, Syst. Synth. Biol., 4, 247, 10.1007/s11693-011-9068-5 Kumar, 2017, Automated protein design: landmarks and operational principles, Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol., 125, 24, 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.12.002 Kuznetsova, 2015, Beyond the excluded volume effects: mechanistic complexity of the crowded milieu, Molecules, 20, 1377, 10.3390/molecules20011377 Lai, 2002, An anionic antimicrobial peptide from toad Bombina maxima, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 295, 796, 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00762-3 Lai, 2007, The human anionic antimicrobial peptide dermcidin induces proteolytic defence mechanisms in staphylococci, Mol. Microbiol., 63, 497, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05540.x Lakshminarayanan, 2016, Branched peptide, B2088, disrupts the supramolecular organization of lipopolysaccharides and sensitizes the gram-negative bacteria, Sci. Rep., 6, 25905, 10.1038/srep25905 Lee, 2013, Long-acting inhalable chitosan-coated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles containing hydrophobically modified exendin-4 for treating type 2 diabetes, Int. J. Nanomed., 8, 2975 Lewis, 2013, Platforms for antibiotic discovery, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 12, 371, 10.1038/nrd3975 Li, 2012, ThioFinder: a web-based tool for the identification of thiopeptide gene clusters in DNA sequences, PLoS One, 7, 10.1371/journal.pone.0045878 Li, 2009, Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: an update, Drugs, 69, 1555, 10.2165/11317030-000000000-00000 Lichtenstein, 1986, In vitro tumor cell cytolysis mediated by peptide defensins of human and rabbit granulocytes, Blood, 68, 1407, 10.1182/blood.V68.6.1407.1407 Ligon, 2004, Penicillin: its discovery and early development, Semin. Pediatr. Infect. Dis., 15, 52, 10.1053/j.spid.2004.02.001 Lin, 2013, Truncated antimicrobial peptides from marine organisms retain anticancer activity and antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Peptides, 44, 139, 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.04.004 Martinez-Rodriguez, 2010, Natural occurrence and industrial applications of D-amino acids: an overview, Chem. Biodivers., 7, 1531, 10.1002/cbdv.200900245 Mazzei, 1993, Chemistry and mode of action of macrolides, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 31, 1, 10.1093/jac/31.suppl_C.1 Melo, 2009, Antimicrobial peptides: linking partition, activity and high membrane-bound concentrations, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 7, 245, 10.1038/nrmicro2095 Mishra, 2012, Ab initio design of potent anti-MRSA peptides based on database filtering technology, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 12426, 10.1021/ja305644e Nekhotiaeva, 2004, Cell entry and antimicrobial properties of eukaryotic cell-penetrating peptides, Faseb. J., 18, 394, 10.1096/fj.03-0449fje Nikaido, 1996, Multidrug efflux pumps of gram-negative bacteria, J. Bacteriol., 178, 5853, 10.1128/jb.178.20.5853-5859.1996 Novkovic, 2012, DADP: the database of anuran defense peptides, Bioinformatics, 28, 1406, 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts141 Okada, 1985, Primary structure of sarcotoxin I, an antibacterial protein induced in the hemolymph of Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae, J. Biol. Chem., 260, 7174, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)39590-X Olli, 2013, Effect of selectively introducing arginine and d-amino acids on the antimicrobial activity and salt sensitivity in analogs of human beta-defensins, PLoS One, 8, 10.1371/journal.pone.0077031 Palffy, 2009, On the physiology and pathophysiology of antimicrobial peptides, Mol. Med. (Tokyo), 15, 51, 10.2119/molmed.2008.00087 Pathan, 2010, Recent patents on antimicrobial peptides, Recent Pat. DNA Gene Sequences, 4, 10, 10.2174/187221510790410831 Pierce, 1997, Recombinant expression of the antimicrobial peptide polyphemusin and its activity against the protozoan oyster pathogen Perkinsus marinus, Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol., 6, 248 Piotto, 2012, YADAMP: yet another database of antimicrobial peptides, Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 39, 346, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.003 Pushpanathan, 2012, Direct cell penetration of the antifungal peptide, MMGP1, in Candida albicans, J. Pept. Sci., 18, 657, 10.1002/psc.2445 Raja, 2017, Insight into the mechanism of action of temporin-SHa, a new broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antibacterial agent, PLoS One, 12, 10.1371/journal.pone.0174024 Ramakrishnan, 2005, Simulated folding in polypeptides of diversified molecular tacticity: implications for protein folding and de novo design, Biopolymers, 78, 96, 10.1002/bip.20241 Rathinakumar, 2009, Broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides by rational combinatorial design and high-throughput screening: the importance of interfacial activity, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 7609, 10.1021/ja8093247 Rausch, 2005, Rational combinatorial design of pore-forming β-sheet peptides, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 102, 10511, 10.1073/pnas.0502013102 Reddy, 2009, Antibiotic considerations in the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens: a case-based review, J. Hosp. Med., 4, E8, 10.1002/jhm.505 Rehal, 2017, The influence of mild acidity on lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis and lipid membrane physico-chemical properties in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Chem. Phys. Lipids, 206, 60, 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.06.007 Renukuntla, 2013, Approaches for enhancing oral bioavailability of peptides and proteins, Int. J. Pharm., 447, 75, 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.030 Roca, 2015, The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: science for intervention, New Microbes New Infect, 6, 22, 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.02.007 Schindler, 1975, Action of polymyxin B on bacterial membranes: morphological changes in the cytoplasm and in the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli B, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 8, 95, 10.1128/AAC.8.1.95 Seebah, 2007, Defensins knowledgebase: a manually curated database and information source focused on the defensins family of antimicrobial peptides, Nucleic Acids Res., 35, D265, 10.1093/nar/gkl866 Seshadri Sundararajan, 2012, DAMPD: a manually curated antimicrobial peptide database, Nucleic Acids Res., 40, D1108, 10.1093/nar/gkr1063 Silhavy, 2010, The bacterial cell envelope, Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol., 2, 10.1101/cshperspect.a000414 Skerlavaj, 1999, SMAP-29: a potent antibacterial and antifungal peptide from sheep leukocytes, FEBS Lett., 463, 58, 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01600-2 Sobczak, 2013, Polymeric systems of antimicrobial peptides–strategies and potential applications, Molecules, 18, 14122, 10.3390/molecules181114122 Splith, 2011, Antimicrobial peptides with cell-penetrating peptide properties and vice versa, Eur. Biophys. J., 40, 387, 10.1007/s00249-011-0682-7 Steffen, 2006, Naturally processed dermcidin-derived peptides do not permeabilize bacterial membranes and kill microorganisms irrespective of their charge, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 50, 2608, 10.1128/AAC.00181-06 Steiner, 1982, Secondary structure of the cecropins: antibacterial peptides from the moth Hyalophora cecropia, FEBS Lett., 137, 283, 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80368-2 Suttmann, 2008, Antimicrobial peptides of the Cecropin-family show potent antitumor activity against bladder cancer cells, BMC Urol., 8, 5, 10.1186/1471-2490-8-5 Szulawska, 2006, Molecular mechanisms of anthracyclines action, Postepy Hig. Med. Dosw., 60, 78 Takahashi, 2017, Synthetic random copolymers as a molecular platform to mimic host-defense antimicrobial peptides, Bioconjugate Chem., 28, 1340, 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00114 Teixeira, 2012, Role of lipids in the interaction of antimicrobial peptides with membranes, Prog. Lipid Res., 51, 149, 10.1016/j.plipres.2011.12.005 Thankappan, 2013, Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of designed and synthesized antimicrobial peptide, KABT-AMP, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 170, 1184, 10.1007/s12010-013-0258-3 Théolier, 2014, MilkAMP: a comprehensive database of antimicrobial peptides of dairy origin, Dairy Sci. Technol., 94, 181, 10.1007/s13594-013-0153-2 Thomas, 2010, CAMP: a useful resource for research on antimicrobial peptides, Nucleic Acids Res., 38, D774, 10.1093/nar/gkp1021 Utsugi, 1991, Elevated expression of phosphatidylserine in the outer membrane leaflet of human tumor cells and recognition by activated human blood monocytes, Canc. Res., 51, 3062 Van Epps, 2006, René Dubos: unearthing antibiotics, J. Exp. Med., 203, 259, 10.1084/jem.2032fta Ventola, 2015, The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats, P T, 40, 277 Verma, 2007, Defensins: antimicrobial peptides for therapeutic development, Biotechnol. J., 2, 1353, 10.1002/biot.200700148 Wang, 2008, CyBase: a database of cyclic protein sequences and structures, with applications in protein discovery and engineering, Nucleic Acids Res., 36, D206 Wang, 2009, APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design, Nucleic Acids Res., 37, D933, 10.1093/nar/gkn823 Wang, 2016, APD3: the antimicrobial peptide database as a tool for research and education, Nucleic Acids Res., 44, D1087, 10.1093/nar/gkv1278 Wang, 2004, APD: the antimicrobial peptide database, Nucleic Acids Res., 32, D590, 10.1093/nar/gkh025 Wehrli, 1971, Actions of the rifamycins, Bacteriol. Rev., 35, 290, 10.1128/MMBR.35.3.290-309.1971 Whitmore, 2004, The Peptaibol Database: a database for sequences and structures of naturally occurring peptaibols, Nucleic Acids Res., 32, D593, 10.1093/nar/gkh077 Willyard, 2017, The drug-resistant bacteria that pose the greatest health threats, Nature, 543, 15, 10.1038/nature.2017.21550 Wimley, 2010, Describing the mechanism of antimicrobial peptide action with the interfacial activity model, ACS Chem. Biol., 5, 905, 10.1021/cb1001558 Winder, 1998, Expression of antimicrobial peptides has an antitumour effect in human cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 242, 608, 10.1006/bbrc.1997.8014 Won, 2006, Structural determinants for the membrane interaction of novel bioactive undecapeptides derived from gaegurin 5, J. Med. Chem., 49, 4886, 10.1021/jm050996u Wong, 2012, Development of antibiotic activity profile screening for the classification and discovery of natural product antibiotics, Chem. Biol., 19, 1483, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.09.014 Woodruff, 2014, Selman A. Waksman, winner of the 1952 nobel prize for physiology or medicine, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 80, 2, 10.1128/AEM.01143-13 Wu, 2012, EnzyBase: a novel database for enzybiotic studies, BMC Microbiol., 12, 54, 10.1186/1471-2180-12-54 Yang, 2001, Barrel-stave model or toroidal model? A case study on melittin pores, Biophys. J., 81, 1475, 10.1016/S0006-3495(01)75802-X Yeaman, 2003, Mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide action and resistance, Pharmacol. Rev., 55, 27, 10.1124/pr.55.1.2 Zanetti, 1995, Cathelicidins: a novel protein family with a common proregion and a variable C-terminal antimicrobial domain, FEBS Lett., 374, 1, 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01050-O Zhang, 2010, Dual functions of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37-target membrane perturbation and host cell cargo delivery, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1798, 2201, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.12.011 Zhao, 2013, LAMP: a database linking antimicrobial peptides, PLoS One, 8, 10.1371/journal.pone.0066557 Zorzi, 2017, Acylated heptapeptide binds albumin with high affinity and application as tag furnishes long-acting peptides, Nat. Commun., 8, 16092, 10.1038/ncomms16092