Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine, 2007. II. Haemodynamics, pneumonia, infections and sepsis, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome

Lamia B, Teboul JL, Monnet X, Osman D, Maizel J, Richard C, Chemla D (2007) Contribution of arterial stiffness and stroke volume to peripheral pulse pressure in ICU patients: an arterial tonometry study. Intensive Care Med 33:1931–1937 Kozieras J, Thuemer O, Sakka SG (2007) Influence of an acute increase in systemic vascular resistance on transpulmonary thermodilution-derived parameters in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1619–1623 Heringlake M, Handke U, Hanke T, Eberhardt F, Schumacher J, Gehring H, Heinze H (2007) Lack of agreement between thermodilution and electrical velocimetry cardiac output measurements. Intensive Care Med 33:2168–2172 Cholley BP, Vieillard-Baron A, Mebazaa A (2006) Echocardiography in the ICU: time for widespread use! Intensive Care Med 32:9–10 Koroneos A, Politis P, Malachias S, Manolis AS, Vassilakopoulos T (2007) End-inspiratory occlusion maneuver during transesophageal echocardiography for patent foramen ovale detection in intensive care unit patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1458–1462 Lamia B, Teboul JL, Monnet X, Richard C, Chemla D (2007) Relationship between the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and right and left ventricular function in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 33:2143–2149 Vignon P, Dugard A, Abraham J, Belcour D, Gondran G, Pepino F, Marin B, Francois B, Gastinne H (2007) Focused training for goal-oriented hand-held echocardiography performed by noncardiologist residents in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 33:1795–1799 Charron C, Prat G, Caille V, Belliard G, Lefevre M, Aegerter P, Boles JM, Jardin F, Vieillard-Baron A (2007) Validation of a skills assessment scoring system for transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring of hemodynamics. Intensive Care Med 33:1712–1718 Vieillard-Baron A, Charron C, Chergui K, Peyrouset O, Jardin F (2006) Bedside echocardiographic evaluation of hemodynamics in sepsis: is a qualitative evaluation sufficient? Intensive Care Med 32:1547–1552 Poelaert J, Mayo P (2007) Education and evaluation of knowledge and skills in echocardiography: how should we organize? Intensive Care Med 33:1684–1686 Vieillard-Baron A, Slama M, Cholley B, Janvier G, Vignon P (2007) Echocardiography in the intensive care unit: from evolution to revolution? Intensive Care Med (in press) Sander M, Spies CD, Foer A, Weymann L, Braun J, Volk T, Grubitzsch H, von Heymann C (2007) Agreement of central venous saturation and mixed venous saturation in cardiac surgery patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1719–1725 Molnar Z, Umgelter A, Toth I, Livingstone D, Weyland A, Sakka SG, Meier-Hellmann A (2007) Continuous monitoring of ScvO (2) by a new fibre-optic technology compared with blood gas oximetry in critically ill patients: a multicentre study. Intensive Care Med 33:1767–1770 Qureshi AS, Shapiro RS, Leatherman JW (2007) Use of bladder pressure to correct for the effect of expiratory muscle activity on central venous pressure. Intensive Care Med 33:1907–1912 Bellemare P, Goldberg P, Magder SA (2007) Variations in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure to estimate changes in pleural pressure. Intensive Care Med 33:2004–2008 Soubrier S, Saulnier F, Hubert H, Delour P, Lenci H, Onimus T, Nseir S, Durocher A (2007) Can dynamic indicators help the prediction of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing critically ill patients? Intensive Care Med 33:1117–1124 Maizel J, Airapetian N, Lorne E, Tribouilloy C, Massy Z, Slama M (2007) Diagnosis of central hypovolemia by using passive leg raising. Intensive Care Med 33:1133–1138 Squara P, Denjean D, Estagnasie P, Brusset A, Dib JC, Dubois C (2007) Noninvasive cardiac output monitoring (NICOM): a clinical validation. Intensive Care Med 33:1191–1194 Schummer W, Schummer C, Rose N, Niesen WD, Sakka SG (2007) Mechanical complications and malpositions of central venous cannulations by experienced operators. A prospective study of 1794 catheterizations in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1055–1059 Kim HK, Alhammouri MT, Mokhtar YM, Pinsky MR (2007) Estimating left ventricular contractility using inspiratory-hold maneuvers. Intensive Care Med 33:181–189 Feissel M, Teboul JL, Merlani P, Badie J, Faller JP, Bendjelid K (2007) Plethysmographic dynamic indices predict fluid responsiveness in septic ventilated patients. Intensive Care Med 33:993–999 Lamia B, Ochagavia A, Monnet X, Chemla D, Richard C, Teboul JL (2007) Echocardiographic prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneously breathing activity. Intensive Care Med 33:1125–1132 De Backer D, Pinsky MR (2007) Can one predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients? Intensive Care Med 33:1111–1113 Spohr F, Hettrich P, Bauer H, Haas U, Martin E, Bottiger BW (2007) Comparison of two methods for enhanced continuous circulatory monitoring in patients with septic shock. Intensive Care Med 33:1805–1810 Nicolas-Robin A, Salvi N, Medimagh S, Amour J, Le Manach Y, Coriat P, Riou B, Langeron O (2007) Combined measurements of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponins in potential organ donors. Intensive Care Med 33:986–992 Koenig MA, Puttgen HA, Prabhakaran V, Reich D, Stevens RD (2007) B-type natriuretic peptide as a marker for heart failure in patients with acute stroke. Intensive Care Med 33:1587–1593 Mebazaa A, Karpati P, Renaud E, Algotsson L (2004) Acute right ventricular failure-from pathophysiology to new treatments. Intensive Care Med 30:185–196 Logeart D, Lecuyer L, Thabut G, Tabet JY, Tartiere JM, Chavelas C, Bonnin F, Stievenart JL, Solal AC (2007) Biomarker-based strategy for screening right ventricular dysfunction in patients with non-massive pulmonary embolism. Intensive Care Med 33:286–292 Ait-Oufella H, Tharaux PL, Baudel JL, Vandermeersch S, Meyer P, Tonnellier M, Dussaule JC, Guidet B, Offenstadt G, Maury E (2007) Variation in natriuretic peptides and mitral flow indexes during successful ventilatory weaning: a preliminary study. Intensive Care Med 33:1183–1186 Goepfert MS, Reuter DA, Akyol D, Lamm P, Kilger E, Goetz AE (2007) Goal-directed fluid management reduces vasopressor and catecholamine use in cardiac surgery patients. Intensive Care Med 33:96–103 Jacquet L, Vancaenegem O, Rubay J, Laarbaui F, Goffinet C, Lovat R, Noirhomme P, El Khoury G (2007) Intensive care outcome of adult patients operated on for congenital heart disease. Intensive Care Med 33:524–528 Price S, Jaggar SI, Jordan S, Trenfield S, Khan M, Sethia B, Shore D, Evans TW (2007) Adult congenital heart disease: intensive care management and outcome prediction. Intensive Care Med 33:652–659 Kompanje EJ, Jansen TC, van der Hoven B, Bakker J (2007) The first demonstration of lactic acid in human blood in shock by Johann Joseph Scherer (1814–1869) in January 1843. Intensive Care Med 33:1967–1971 De Backer D (2003) Lactic acidosis. Intensive Care Med 29:699–702 Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL (2008) Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med 34:17–60 Howell MD, Donnino M, Clardy P, Talmor D, Shapiro NI (2007) Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection. Intensive Care Med 33:1892–1899 Trzeciak S, Dellinger RP, Chansky ME, Arnold RC, Schorr C, Milcarek B, Hollenberg SM, Parrillo JE (2007) Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in patients with infection. Intensive Care Med 33:970–977 Bakker J, Jansen TC (2007) Don't take vitals, take a lactate. Intensive Care Med 33:1863–1865 Creteur J, Carollo T, Soldati G, Buchele G, De Backer D, Vincent JL (2007) The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1549–1556 Dubniks M, Persson J, Grande PO (2007) Plasma volume expansion of 5% albumin, 4% gelatin, 6% HES 130/0.4, and normal saline under increased microvascular permeability in the rat. Intensive Care Med 33:293–299 Kick J, Hauser B, Bracht H, Albicini M, Oter S, Simon F, Ehrmann U, Garrel C, Strater J, Bruckner UB, Leverve XM, Schelzig H, Speit G, Radermacher P, Muth CM (2007) Effects of a cantaloupe melon extract/wheat gliadin biopolymer during aortic cross-clamping. Intensive Care Med 33:694–702 Chang WT, Ma MH, Chien KL, Huang CH, Tsai MS, Shih FY, Yuan A, Tsai KC, Lin FY, Lee YT, Chen WJ (2007) Postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction: correlated factors and prognostic implications. Intensive Care Med 33:88–95 Tsai MS, Huang CH, Chen HR, Hsieh CC, Chang WT, Hsu CY, Ma MH, Chen SC, Chen WJ (2007) Postresuscitation accelerated idioventricular rhythm: a potential prognostic factor for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Intensive Care Med 33:1628–1632 Megarbane B, Leprince P, Deye N, Resiere D, Guerrier G, Rettab S, Theodore J, Karyo S, Gandjbakhch I, Baud FJ (2007) Emergency feasibility in medical intensive care unit of extracorporeal life support for refractory cardiac arrest. Intensive Care Med 33:758–764 Valles J, Pobo A, Garcia-Esquirol O, Mariscal D, Real J, Fernandez R (2007) Excess ICU mortality attributable to ventilator-associated pneumonia: the role of early vs late onset. Intensive Care Med 33:1363–1368 Agbaht K, Lisboa T, Pobo A, Rodriguez A, Sandiumenge A, Diaz E, Rello J (2007) Management of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit: does trauma make a difference? Intensive Care Med 33:1387–1395 Mentzelopoulos SD, Pratikaki M, Platsouka E, Kraniotaki H, Zervakis D, Koutsoukou A, Nanas S, Paniara O, Roussos C, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Routsi C, Zakynthinos SG (2007) Prolonged use of carbapenems and colistin predisposes to ventilator-associated pneumonia by pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Intensive Care Med 33:1524–1532 Paganin F, Bourdin A, Dalban C, Courtin JP, Poubeau P, Borgherini G, Michault A, Sally JC, Tixier F, Genin R, Arvin-Berod C (2007) Leptospirosis in Reunion Island (Indian Ocean): analysis of factors associated with severity in 147 confirmed cases. Intensive Care Med 33:1959–1966 Agodi A, Barchitta M, Cipresso R, Giaquinta L, Romeo MA, Denaro C (2007) Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage, colonization, and infection in ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1155–1161 Nseir S, Jozefowicz E, Cavestri B, Sendid B, Di Pompeo C, Dewavrin F, Favory R, Roussel-Delvallez M, Durocher A (2007) Impact of antifungal treatment on Candida-Pseudomonas interaction: a preliminary retrospective case-control study. Intensive Care Med 33:137–142 Schurink CA, Visscher S, Lucas PJ, van Leeuwen HJ, Buskens E, Hoff RG, Hoepelman AI, Bonten MJ (2007) A Bayesian decision-support system for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 33:1379–1386 Luyt CE, Combes A, Nieszkowska A, Reynaud C, Tonnellier M, Trouillet JL, Chastre J (2007) Does invasive diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia during off-hours delay treatment? Intensive Care Med 33:734–737 Vargas F, Boyer A, Bui HN, Salmi LR, Gruson D, Hilbert G (2007) A postural change test improves the prediction of a radiological maxillary sinusitis by ultrasonography in mechanically ventilated patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1474–1478 Kruger S, Papassotiriou J, Marre R, Richter K, Schumann C, von Baum H, Morgenthaler NG, Suttorp N, Welte T (2007) Pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and pro-vasopressin to predict severity and prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia: Results from the German competence network CAPNETZ. Intensive Care Med 33:2069–2078 Kallel H, Hergafi L, Bahloul M, Hakim A, Dammak H, Chelly H, Hamida CB, Chaari A, Rekik N, Bouaziz M (2007) Safety and efficacy of colistin compared with imipenem in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a matched case-control study. Intensive Care Med 33:1162–1167 Aarts MA, Brun-Buisson C, Cook DJ, Kumar A, Opal S, Rocker G, Smith T, Vincent JL, Marshall JC (2007) Antibiotic management of suspected nosocomial ICU-acquired infection: does prolonged empiric therapy improve outcome? Intensive Care Med 33:1369–1378 Boselli E, Breilh D, Djabarouti S, Guillaume C, Rimmele T, Gordien JB, Xuereb F, Saux MC, Allaouchiche B (2007) Reliability of mini-bronchoalveolar lavage for the measurement of epithelial lining fluid concentrations of tobramycin in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1519–1523 Giantsou E, Liratzopoulos N, Efraimidou E, Panopoulou M, Alepopoulou E, Kartali-Ktenidou S, Manolas K (2007) De-escalation therapy rates are significantly higher by bronchoalveolar lavage than by tracheal aspirate. Intensive Care Med 33:1533–1540 Bracco D, Dubois MJ, Bouali R, Eggimann P (2007) Single rooms may help to prevent nosocomial bloodstream infection and cross-transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 33:836–840 Rello J, Koulenti D, Blot S, Sierra R, Diaz E, De Waele JJ, Macor A, Agbaht K, Rodriguez A (2007) Oral care practices in intensive care units: a survey of 59 European ICUs. Intensive Care Med 33:1066–1070 Blot SI, Labeau S, Vandijck D, Van Aken P, Claes B (2007) Evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: results of a knowledge test among intensive care nurses. Intensive Care Med 33:1463–1467 Garcia C, Ugalde E, Monteagudo I, Saez A, Aguero J, Martinez-Martinez L, Minambres E (2007) Isolation of Mycoplasma hominis in critically ill patients with pulmonary infections: clinical and microbiological analysis in an intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 33:143–147 Walshe C, Phelan D, Bourke J, Buggy D (2007) Vascular erosion by central venous catheters used for total parenteral nutrition. Intensive Care Med 33:534–537 del Mar Fernandez de Gatta Garcia M , Revilla N, Calvo MV, Dominguez-Gil A, Sanchez Navarro A (2007) Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of vancomycin in ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 33:279–285 Roos JF, Lipman J, Kirkpatrick CM (2007) Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefpirome in critically ill patients against Gram-negative bacteria. Intensive Care Med 33:781–788 Stoutenbeek CP, van Saene HK, Little RA, Whitehead A (2007) The effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on mortality in multiple trauma patients: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 33:261–270 Zandstra DF, van Saene HK (2007) Chris Stoutenbeek and selective digestive decontamination. Intensive Care Med 33:207–208 Leone M, Perrin AS, Granier I, Visintini P, Blasco V, Antonini F, Albanese J, Martin C (2007) A randomized trial of catheter change and short course of antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in catheterized ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 33:726–729 Lorente L, Jimenez A, Castedo J, Galvan R, Garcia C, Martin MM, Mora ML (2007) Internal jugular venous catheter-related bacteremia according to central and posterior accesses. Intensive Care Med 33:1071–1075 van der Kooi TI, de Boer AS, Mannien J, Wille JC, Beaumont MT, Mooi BW, van den Hof S (2007) Incidence and risk factors of device-associated infections and associated mortality at the intensive care in the Dutch surveillance system. Intensive Care Med 33:271–278 Karlsson S, Varpula M, Ruokonen E, Pettila V, Parviainen I, Ala-Kokko TI, Kolho E, Rintala EM (2007) Incidence, treatment, and outcome of severe sepsis in ICU-treated adults in Finland: the Finnsepsis study. Intensive Care Med 33:435–443 Engel C, Brunkhorst FM, Bone HG, Brunkhorst R, Gerlach H, Grond S, Gruendling M, Huhle G, Jaschinski U, John S, Mayer K, Oppert M, Olthoff D, Quintel M, Ragaller M, Rossaint R, Stuber F, Weiler N, Welte T, Bogatsch H, Hartog C, Loeffler M, Reinhart K (2007) Epidemiology of sepsis in Germany: results from a national prospective multicenter study. Intensive Care Med 33:606–618 Rothen HU, Stricker K, Einfalt J, Bauer P, Metnitz PG, Moreno RP, Takala J (2007) Variability in outcome and resource use in intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 33:1329–1336 Bertolini G, Rossi C, Anghileri A, Livigni S, Addis A, Poole D (2007) Use of Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in Italian intensive care units: the results of a nationwide survey. Intensive Care Med 33:426–434 Kanji S, Perreault MM, Chant C, Williamson D, Burry L (2007) Evaluating the use of Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in adult severe sepsis: a Canadian multicenter observational study. Intensive Care Med 33:517–523 John J, Awab A, Norman D, Dernaika T, Kinasewitz GT (2007) Activated protein C improves survival in severe sepsis patients with elevated troponin. Intensive Care Med 33:2122–2128 Garcia-Segarra G, Espinosa G, Tassies D, Oriola J, Aibar J, Bove A, Castro P, Reverter JC, Nicolas JM (2007) Increased mortality in septic shock with the 4G/4G genotype of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in patients of white descent. Intensive Care Med 33:1354–1362 Brenmoehl J, Herfarth H, Gluck T, Audebert F, Barlage S, Schmitz G, Froehlich D, Schreiber S, Hampe J, Scholmerich J, Holler E, Rogler G (2007) Genetic variants in the NOD2/CARD15 gene are associated with early mortality in sepsis patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1541–1548 Adamzik M, Frey UH, Rieman K, Sixt S, Beiderlinden M, Siffert W, Peters J (2007) Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the promoter of NFKB1 influences severity but not mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 33:1199–1203 Silva E, Arcaroli J, He Q, Svetkauskaite D, Coldren C, Nick JA, Poch K, Park JS, Banerjee A, Abraham E (2007) HMGB1 and LPS induce distinct patterns of gene expression and activation in neutrophils from patients with sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med 33:1829–1839 Gibot S, Massin F, Cravoisy A, Barraud D, Nace L, Levy B, Bollaert PE (2007) High-mobility group box 1 protein plasma concentrations during septic shock. Intensive Care Med 33:1347–1353 Guisset O, Dilhuydy MS, Thiebaut R, Lefevre J, Camou F, Sarrat A, Gabinski C, Moreau JF, Blanco P (2007) Decrease in circulating dendritic cells predicts fatal outcome in septic shock. Intensive Care Med 33:148–152 Thille AW, Rodriguez P, Cabello B, Lellouche F, Brochard L (2006) Patient–ventilator asynchrony during assisted mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med 32:1515–1522 Mulqueeny Q, Ceriana P, Carlucci A, Fanfulla F, Delmastro M, Nava S (2007) Automatic detection of ineffective triggering and double triggering during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med 33:2014–2018 Younes M, Brochard L, Grasso S, Kun J, Mancebo J, Ranieri M, Richard JC, Younes H (2007) A method for monitoring and improving patient: ventilator interaction. Intensive Care Med 33:1337–1346 Calderini E, Confalonieri M, Puccio PG, Francavilla N, Stella L, Gregoretti C (1999) Patient–ventilator asynchrony during noninvasive ventilation: the role of expiratory trigger. Intensive Care Med 25:662–667 de Prost N, Roux D, Dreyfuss D, Ricard JD, Le Guludec D, Saumon G (2007) Alveolar edema dispersion and alveolar protein permeability during high volume ventilation: effect of positive end-expiratory pressure. Intensive Care Med 33:711–717 Di Marco F, Rota Sperti L, Milan B, Stucchi R, Centanni S, Brochard L, Fumagalli R (2007) Measurement of functional residual capacity by helium dilution during partial support ventilation: in vitro accuracy and in vivo precision of the method. Intensive Care Med 33:2109–2115 Jardin F, Vieillard-Baron A (2007) Is there a safe plateau pressure in ARDS? The right heart only knows. Intensive Care Med 33:444–447 DiRocco JD, Carney DE, Nieman GF (2007) Correlation between alveolar recruitment/derecruitment and inflection points on the pressure–volume curve. Intensive Care Med 33:1204–1211 Schellongowski P, Losert H, Locker GJ, Laczika K, Frass M, Holzinger U, Bojic A, Staudinger T (2007) Prolonged lateral steep position impairs respiratory mechanics during continuous lateral rotation therapy in respiratory failure. Intensive Care Med 33:625–631 Templeton M, Palazzo MG (2007) Chest physiotherapy prolongs duration of ventilation in the critically ill ventilated for more than 48 hours. Intensive Care Med 33:1938–1945 do Amaral Beraldo M, Timenetsky K (2007) Chest physiotherapy and outcomes in ICU. Intensive Care Med 33:2232 Garrod R (2007) Physiotherapy in critical care. Intensive Care Med 33:2234 Ntoumenopoulos G (2007) Comment on “Chest physiotherapy prolongs duration of ventilation in the critically ill ventilated for more than 48 hours” by Drs. Templeton and Palazzo. Intensive Care Med 33:2027 Palazzo MG, Templeton M (2007) Statistical interpretation of Kaplan-Meier curves. Intensive Care Med 33:2235 Palazzo MG, Templeton M (2007) Chest physiotherapy and outcomes in ICU. Intensive Care Med 33:2233 Palazzo MG, Templeton M (2007) Reply to the comment by Dr. Ntoumenopoulos. Intensive Care Med 33:2028–2029 Alexopoulou C, Kondili E, Vakouti E, Klimathianaki M, Prinianakis G, Georgopoulos D (2007) Sleep during proportional-assist ventilation with load-adjustable gain factors in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1139–1147 Toublanc B, Rose D, Glerant JC, Francois G, Mayeux I, Rodenstein D, Jounieaux V (2007) Assist-control ventilation vs. low levels of pressure support ventilation on sleep quality in intubated ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 33:1148–1154 Perras B, Meier M, Dodt C (2007) Light and darkness fail to regulate melatonin release in critically ill humans. Intensive Care Med 33:1954–1958 Navalesi P, Costa R, Ceriana P, Carlucci A, Prinianakis G, Antonelli M, Conti G, Nava S (2007) Non-invasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: helmet versus facial mask. Intensive Care Med 33:74–81 Vignaux L, Tassaux D, Jolliet P (2007) Performance of noninvasive ventilation modes on ICU ventilators during pressure support: a bench model study. Intensive Care Med 33:1444–1451 Battisti A, Tassaux D, Bassin D, Jolliet P (2007) Automatic adjustment of noninvasive pressure support with a bilevel home ventilator in patients with acute respiratory failure: a feasibility study. Intensive Care Med 33:632–638 Scala R, Nava S, Conti G, Antonelli M, Naldi M, Archinucci I, Coniglio G, Hill NS (2007) Noninvasive versus conventional ventilation to treat hypercapnic encephalopathy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Intensive Care Med 33:2101–2108 Constantin JM, Schneider E, Cayot-Constantin S, Guerin R, Bannier F, Futier E, Bazin JE (2007) Remifentanil-based sedation to treat noninvasive ventilation failure: a preliminary study. Intensive Care Med 33:82–87 Fernandez R, Baigorri F, Artigas A (2007) Noninvasive ventilation in patients with “do-not-intubate” orders: medium-term efficacy depends critically on patient selection. Intensive Care Med 33:350–354 Patroniti N, Saini M, Zanella A, Isgro S, Pesenti A (2007) Danger of helmet continuous positive airway pressure during failure of fresh gas source supply. Intensive Care Med 33:153–157 Tsangaris I, Galiatsou E, Kostanti E, Nakos G (2007) The effect of exogenous surfactant in patients with lung contusions and acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med 33:851–855 Spieth PM, Knels L, Kasper M, Domingues Quelhas A, Wiedemann B, Lupp A, Hubler M, Neto AG, Koch T, Gama de Abreu M (2007) Effects of vaporized perfluorohexane and partial liquid ventilation on regional distribution of alveolar damage in experimental lung injury. Intensive Care Med 33:308–314