Allosteric activation of RAF in the MAPK signaling pathway

Muratcioglu, 2015, GTP-dependent K-Ras dimerization, Structure, 23, 1325, 10.1016/j.str.2015.04.019 Nan, 2015, Ras-GTP dimers activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 112, 7996, 10.1073/pnas.1509123112 Lu, 2016, Ras conformational ensembles, allostery, and signaling, Chem Rev, 116, 6607, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00542 Chen, 2016, Ras dimer formation as a new signaling mechanism and potential cancer therapeutic target, Mini-Rev Med Chem, 16, 391, 10.2174/1389557515666151001152212 Jang, 2016, Membrane-associated Ras dimers are isoform-specific: K-Ras dimers differ from H-Ras dimers, Biochem J, 473, 1719, 10.1042/BCJ20160031 Nussinov, 2017, Oncogenic Ras isoforms signaling specificity at the membrane, Cancer Res, 78, 593, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-2727 Aoki, 2011, Processive phosphorylation of ERK MAP kinase in mammalian cells, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 108, 12675, 10.1073/pnas.1104030108 Tsai, 2014, A unified view of ``how allostery works’’, PLoS Comp Biol, 10, e1003394, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003394 Nussinov, 2014, Unraveling structural mechanisms of allosteric drug action, Trends Pharmacol Sci, 35, 256, 10.1016/j.tips.2014.03.006 Nussinov, 2013, Allostery in disease and in drug discovery, Cell, 153, 293, 10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.034 Tsai, 2014, The free energy landscape in translational science: how can somatic mutations result in constitutive oncogenic activation?, Phys Chem Chem Phys, 16, 6332, 10.1039/c3cp54253j Manning, 2002, The protein kinase complement of the human genome, Science, 298, 1912, 10.1126/science.1075762 Nolen, 2004, Regulation of protein kinases: controlling activity through activation segment conformation, Mol Cell, 15, 661, 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.08.024 Huse, 2002, The conformational plasticity of protein kinases, Cell, 109, 275, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00741-9 Kornev, 2010, Defining the conserved internal architecture of a protein kinase, Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteomics, 1804, 440, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.10.017 Taylor, 2011, Protein kinases: evolution of dynamic regulatory proteins, Trends Biochem Sci, 36, 65, 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.09.006 Foster, 2016, Activation mechanism of oncogenic deletion mutations in BRAF, EGFR, and HER2, Cancer Cell, 29, 477, 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.02.010 Liu, 2006, Rational design of inhibitors that bind to inactive kinase conformations, Nat Chem Biol, 2, 358, 10.1038/nchembio799 Deindl, 2007, Structural basis for the inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity of ZAP-70, Cell, 129, 735, 10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.039 Nagar, 2003, Structural basis for the autoinhibition of c-Abl tyrosine kinase, Cell, 112, 859, 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00194-6 Thevakumaran, 2015, Crystal structure of a BRAF kinase domain monomer explains basis for allosteric regulation, Nat Struct Mol Biol, 22, 37, 10.1038/nsmb.2924 Rajakulendran, 2009, A dimerization-dependent mechanism drives RAF catalytic activation, Nature, 461, 542, 10.1038/nature08314 Hu, 2013, Allosteric activation of functionally asymmetric RAF kinase dimers, Cell, 154, 1036, 10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.046 Freeman, 2013, Effects of Raf dimerization and its inhibition on normal and disease-associated Raf signaling, Mol Cell, 49, 751, 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.12.018 Jambrina, 2016, Phosphorylation of RAF kinase dimers drives conformational changes that facilitate transactivation, Angew Chem Int Ed, 55, 983, 10.1002/anie.201509272 Jambrina, 2014, Molecular mechanisms of asymmetric RAF dimer activation, Biochem Soc Trans, 42, 784, 10.1042/BST20140025 Nan, 2013, Single-molecule superresolution imaging allows quantitative analysis of RAF multimer formation and signaling, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 110, 18519, 10.1073/pnas.1318188110 Wan, 2004, Mechanism of activation of the RAF-ERK signaling pathway by oncogenic mutations of B-RAF, Cell, 116, 855, 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00215-6 Lavoie, 2013, Inhibitors that stabilize a closed RAF kinase domain conformation induce dimerization, Nat Chem Biol, 9, 428, 10.1038/nchembio.1257 Zhou, 2017, Lipid-sorting specificity encoded in K-Ras membrane anchor regulates signal output, Cell, 168, 239, 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.059 Zhang, 2000, Activation of B-Raf kinase requires phosphorylation of the conserved residues Thr598 and Ser601, EMBO J, 19, 5429, 10.1093/emboj/19.20.5429 Dodson, 2012, Activation of Aurora-A kinase by protein partner binding and phosphorylation are independent and synergistic, J Biol Chem, 287, 1150, 10.1074/jbc.M111.312090 Davies, 2002, Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer, Nature, 417, 949, 10.1038/nature00766 Kornev, 2006, Surface comparison of active and inactive protein kinases identifies a conserved activation mechanism, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103, 17783, 10.1073/pnas.0607656103 Hatzivassiliou, 2010, RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth, Nature, 464, 431, 10.1038/nature08833 Poulikakos, 2010, RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF, Nature, 464, 427, 10.1038/nature08902 Heidorn, 2010, Kinase-dead BRAF and oncogenic RAS cooperate to drive tumor progression through CRAF, Cell, 140, 209, 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.040 Yao, 2015, BRAF mutants evade ERK-dependent feedback by different mechanisms that determine their sensitivity to pharmacologic inhibition, Cancer Cell, 28, 370, 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.08.001 Zhang, 2015, RAF inhibitors that evade paradoxical MAPK pathway activation, Nature, 526, 583, 10.1038/nature14982 Kumar, 2000, Folding and binding cascades: dynamic landscapes and population shifts, Protein Sci, 9, 10, 10.1110/ps.9.1.10