Corneal structure and transparency

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research - Tập 49 - Trang 1-16 - 2015
Keith M. Meek1, Carlo Knupp1
1Structural Biophysics Research Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abahussin, 2009, 3D collagen orientation study in human cornea using X-ray diffraction and femtosecond laser technology, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 50, 5159, 10.1167/iovs.09-3669

Abass, 2015, Transverse depth-dependent changes in corneal collagen lamellar orientation and distribution, J. R. Soc. Interface, 12, 20140717, 10.1098/rsif.2014.0717

Aghamohammadzadeh, 2004, X-ray scattering used to map the preferred collagen orientation in the human cornea and limbus, Structure, 12, 249, 10.1016/j.str.2004.01.002

Alexander, 1983, Elastic and precursor fibres in the normal human eye, Exp. Eye Res., 36, 305, 10.1016/0014-4835(83)90015-5

Alexander, 1981, Isolation and characterization of BCP-54, the major soluble protein of bovine cornea, Exp. Eye Res., 32, 205, 10.1016/0014-4835(81)90009-9

Ameen, 1998, A lattice model for computing the transmissivity of the cornea and the sclera, Biophys. J., 75, 2520, 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77697-0

Antony, 2015, Imaging sheer stress distribution and evaluating the stress concentration factor of the human eye, Sci. Rep., 5, 8899, 10.1038/srep08899

Aurell, 1953, On the metachromatic staining of the corneal tissue and some observations on its transparency, Acta Ophthalmol., 31, 1, 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1953.tb02213.x

Baldock, 2002, Three-dimensional reconstructions of extracellular matrix polymers using automated electron tomography, J. Struct. Biol., 138, 130, 10.1016/S1047-8477(02)00028-X

Bancelin, 2014, Determination of collagen fibril size via absolute measurements of second-harmonic generation signals, Nat. Commun., 5, 4920, 10.1038/ncomms5920

Barbaro, 1988, Optical-fibre apparatus for quantitative measurement of corneal transparency variation, Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 26, 225, 10.1007/BF02442270

Beems, 1990, Light transmission of the cornea in whole human eyes, Exp. Eye Res., 50, 393, 10.1016/0014-4835(90)90140-P

Beckman Rehnman, 2011, Spatial distribution of corneal light scattering after corneal collagen crosslinking, J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 37, 1939, 10.1016/j.jcrs.2011.05.028

Benedek, 1971, Theory of transparency of the eye, Appl. Opt., 10, 459, 10.1364/AO.10.000459

Bergmanson, 2005, Assessment of the number of lamellae in the central region of the normal human corneal stroma at the resolution of the transmission electron microscope, Eye Contact Lens, 31, 281, 10.1097/01.ICL.0000165280.94927.0D

Birk, 1986, Organization of collagen types I and V in the embryonic chicken cornea, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 27, 1470

Birk, 1990, Collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro: interaction of types I and V collagen regulates fibril diameter, J. Cell Sci., 95, 649, 10.1242/jcs.95.4.649

Boettner, 1962, Transmission of the ocular media, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 1, 776

Boote, 2003, Collagen fibrils appear more closely packed in the prepupillary cornea: optical and biomechanical implications, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 44, 2941, 10.1167/iovs.03-0131

Boote, 2006, Mapping collagen organization in the human cornea: left and right eyes are structurally distinct, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47, 901, 10.1167/iovs.05-0893

Boote, 2011, Quantification of collagen organisation in the peripheral human cornea at micron-scale resolution, Biophys. J., 101, 33, 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.05.029

Boote, 2013, Quantification of collagen ultrastructure after penetrating keratoplasty – implications for corneal biomechanics, PLoS One, 8, e68166, 10.1371/journal.pone.0068166

Boyce, 2008, Full-field deformation of bovine cornea under constrained inflation conditions, Biomaterials, 29, 3896, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.06.011

Bueno, 2011, Analysis of corneal stromal organisation with wavefront optimized nonlinear microscopy, Cornea, 30, 692, 10.1097/ICO.0b013e3182000f94

Casadessus, 2012, Light scattering from edematous human corneal grafts' microstructure: experimental study and electromagnetic modelization, Biomed. Opt. Express, 3, 1793, 10.1364/BOE.3.001793

Cejka, 2010, The influence of carious toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission, Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 248, 1749, 10.1007/s00417-010-1438-2

Chakravarti, 1998, Lumican regulates collagen fibril assembly: skin fragility and corneal opacity in the absence of lumican, J. Cell Biol., 141, 1277, 10.1083/jcb.141.5.1277

Chakravarti, 2006, Collagen fibril assembly during postnatal development and dysfunctional regulation in the lumican-deficient murine cornea, Dev. Dyn., 235, 2493, 10.1002/dvdy.20868

Chen, 2010, Fibromodulin regulates collagen fibrillogenesis during peripheral corneal development, Dev. Dyn., 239, 844, 10.1002/dvdy.22216

Chen, 2013, The regulatory roles of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in extracellular matrix assembly, FEBS J., 280, 2120, 10.1111/febs.12136

Chen, 2013, Ocular aldehyde dehydrogenase: protection against ultraviolet damage and maintenance of transparency for vision, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 33, 28, 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.10.001

Cheng, 2013, Mechanisms of self-organization for the collagen fibril lattice in the human cornea, J. R. Soc. Interface, 10, 10.1098/rsif.2013.0512

Christens-Barry, 1996, Spatial mapping of polarized light transmission in the central rabbit cornea, Exp. Eye Res., 62, 651, 10.1006/exer.1996.0076

Clark, 2004, Order and disorder in the transparent media of the eye, Exp. Eye Res., 78, 427, 10.1016/j.exer.2003.10.008

Connon, 2003, Persistent haze and disorganisation of anterior stromal collagen appear unrelated following phototherapeutic keratectomy, J. Refract. Surg., 19, 323, 10.3928/1081-597X-20030501-09

Cooper, 2006, The role of dermatopontin in the stromal organization of the cornea, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47, 3303, 10.1167/iovs.05-1426

De Brouwere, 2008, Forward scattering properties of corneal haze, Optom. Vis. Sci., 85, 843, 10.1097/OPX.0b013e31818527b4

Dohlman, 1971, The function of the corneal epithelium in health and disease, Invest. Ophthalmol., 10, 383

Doutch, 2009

Doutch, 2007, Changes in visible light transmission across the corneal stroma, 1, 10.1117/12.740957

Doutch, 2008, Light transmission in the human cornea as a function of position across the ocular surface: theoretical and experimental aspects, Biophys. J., 95, 5092, 10.1529/biophysj.108.132316

Doutch, 2012, Ultraviolet light transmission through the human corneal stroma is reduced in the periphery, Biophys. J., 102, 1258, 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.02.023

Du, 2009, Stem cell therapy restores transparency to defective murine corneas, Stem Cells, 27, 1635, 10.1002/stem.91

Dua, 2013, Human corneal anatomy redefined: a novel pre-Descemet layer (Dua's layer), Ophthalmology, 120, 1778, 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.01.018

Dua, 2014, The collagen matrix of the human trabecular meshwork is an extension of the novel pre-Descemet's layer (Dua's layer), Br. J. Ophthalmol., 98, 691, 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304593

Eisler, 1930, Die Anatomie des menschlichen Auges, Bd. 1

Fagerholm, 2010, A biosynthetic alternative to human donor tissue for inducing corneal regeneration: 24-month follow-up of a phase 1 clinical study, Sci. Transl. Med., 2, 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001022

Farrell, 1973, Wave-length dependence of light scattering in normal and cold swollen rabbit corneas and their structural implications, J. Physiol., 233, 589, 10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010325

Feynman, 1963, vol. 1

Freund, 1986, Direct summation of fields for light scattering by fibrils with applications to normal corneas, Appl. Opt., 25, 2739, 10.1364/AO.25.002739

Funderburgh, 1998, Decorin and biglycan of normal and pathologic human corneas, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 39, 1957

Ghazaryan, 2013, Analysis of collagen fiber domain organization by Fourier second harmonic generation microscopy, J. Biomed. Opt., 18, 1

Ginis, 2009, Narrow angle light scatter in rabbit corneas after excimer laser surface ablation, Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt., 29, 357, 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2009.00649.x

Grytz, 2009, Constitutive modelling of crimped collagen fibrils in soft tissues, J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., 2, 522, 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2008.12.009

Gyi, 1988

Han, 2005, Second harmonic generation imaging of collagen fibrils in cornea and sclera, Opt. Express, 13, 5791, 10.1364/OPEX.13.005791

Harding, 1980, Corneal collagen: a review, Colloq. Int. Cent. Rech. Sci. Natl., 287, 51

Hart, 1969, Light scattering in the cornea, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 59, 766, 10.1364/JOSA.59.000766

Hassell, 2010, The molecular basis of corneal transparency, Exp. Eye Res., 91, 326, 10.1016/j.exer.2010.06.021

Hayashi, 2002, Comparative observations on corneas, with special reference to Bowman's layer and Descemet's membrane in mammals and amphibians, J. Morphol., 254, 247, 10.1002/jmor.10030

Henriksson, 2012, An explanation for the central to peripheral thickness variation in the mouse cornea, Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 40, 174, 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02652.x

Ho, 2014, A comparison of glycosaminoglycan distributions, keratan sulphate sulphation patterns and collagen fibril architecture from central to peripheral regions of the bovine cornea, Matrix Biol., 38, 59, 10.1016/j.matbio.2014.06.004

Hodson, 1997, Corneal stromal swelling, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 16, 99, 10.1016/S1350-9462(96)00023-7

Hoffart, 2013, Characterization of human corneal grafts' transparency by optical coherence tomography and scattering measurements, Acta Ophthalmol., 91, S252

Holmes, 2001, Corneal collagen fibril structure in three dimensions: structural insights into fibril assembly, mechanical properties, and tissue organisation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 98, 7307, 10.1073/pnas.111150598

Holmes, 2005, The precision of lateral size control in the assembly of corneal collagen fibrils, J. Mol. Biol., 345, 773, 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.10.078

Holt, 1973, Soluble proteins of bovine cornea, Invest. Ophthalmol., 12, 114

Huang, 1999, Swelling studies on the cornea and sclera: the effects of pH and ionic strength, Biophys. J., 77, 1655, 10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77013-X

Jafarinasab, 2010, Dissection plane in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using the big-bubble technique, Cornea, 29, 388, 10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181ba7016

Jakus, 1962, Further observations on the fine structure of the cornea, Invest. Ophthalmol., 1, 202

Jester, 2008, Corneal crystallins and the development of cellular transparency, Semin. Cell Dev. Biol., 19, 82, 10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.015

Jester, 1999, The cellular basis of corneal transparency: evidence for 'corneal crystallins', J. Cell Sci., 112, 613, 10.1242/jcs.112.5.613

Jester, 2001, Measurement of corneal sublayer thickness and transparency in transgenic mice with altered corneal clarity using in vivo confocal microscopy, Vis. Res., 41, 1283, 10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00222-4

Jester, 2010, Evaluating corneal collagen collagen organization using high resolution non-linear optical (NLO) microscopy, Eye Contact Lens, 36, 260, 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181ee8992

Joyce, 2009, Relationship among oxidative stress, DNA damage, and proliferatice capacity in human corneal endothelium, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 50, 2116, 10.1167/iovs.08-3007

Kamma-Lorger, 2010, Collagen and mature elastic fibre organisation as a function of depth in the human cornea and limbus, J. Struct. Biol., 169, 424, 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.11.004

Kokott, 1938, Űber mechanisch-funktionelle strukturen des auges, Albr. Graefes Arch. Ophthalmol., 138, 424, 10.1007/BF01856375

Kolmer, 1936, Handb. Der mikr, Anat. Des. Menschen (v. Möllend.), III, 2

Kolozsvári, 2002, Absorbance of the human cornea in the 240- to 400-nm range, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 43, 2165

Komai, 1991, The three-dimensional organisation of collagen fibrils in the human cornea and sclera, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 32, 2244

Kostyuk, 2002, Transparency of the bovine corneal stroma at physiological hydration and its dependence on concentration of the ambient ion, J. Physiol., 543, 633, 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.021527

Latour, 2012, In vivo structural imaging of the cornea by polarization-resolved second harmonic microscopy, Biomed. Opt. Express, 3, 1, 10.1364/BOE.3.000001

Labat-Robert, 2012, Fifty years of structural glycoproteins, Pathol. Biol. (Paris), 60, 66, 10.1016/j.patbio.2011.11.010

Lerman, 1984, Biophysical aspects of corneal and lenticular transparency, Curr. Eye Res., 3, 3, 10.3109/02713688408997182

Lewis, 2010, Structural interactions between collagen and proteoglycans are elucidated by three-dimensional electron tomography of bovine cornea, Structure, 18, 239, 10.1016/j.str.2009.11.013

Liu, 2014, A mechanical model of the cornea considering the crimping morphology of collagen fibrils, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 55, 2739, 10.1167/iovs.13-12633

Lohmann, 1992, Corneal light scattering after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy: the objective measurement of haze, Refract. Corneal Surg., 8, 114, 10.3928/1081-597X-19920301-03

Lombardo, 2014

Lombardo, 2015, Interaction of ultraviolet light with the cornea: clinical implications for corneal crosslinking, J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 41, 446, 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.12.013

Marchini, 1986, Differences in the fibril structure of corneal and tendon collagen. An electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction investigation, Connect. Tissue Res., 15, 269, 10.3109/03008208609001985

Maurice, 1957, The structure and transparency of the cornea, J. Physiol., 136, 263, 10.1113/jphysiol.1957.sp005758

Maurice, 1962, Clinical physiology of the cornea, Int. Ophthalmol. Clin., 2, 561, 10.1097/00004397-196210000-00002

Maurice, 2001, Graft transparency is in the eye of the beholder, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., S282

McCally, 1977, Effect of transcorneal pressure on small-angle light scattering from rabbit cornea, Polymer, 18, 444, 10.1016/0032-3861(77)90159-8

McIlroy, 1906, On the presence of elastic fibres in the cornea, J. Anat. Physiol., 40, 282

McKee, 2011, Residual corneal stroma in big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: a histological study in eye-bank corneas, Br. J. Ophthalmol., 95, 1463, 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2011-300360

Meek, 2009, Corneal collagen – its role in maintaining corneal shape and transparency, Biophys. Rev., 1, 83, 10.1007/s12551-009-0011-x

Meek, 1983, Interpretation of the electron microscopical appearance of collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 5, 17, 10.1016/0141-8130(83)90073-9

Meek, 1993, Ultrastructure of the corneal stroma: a comparative study, Biophys. J., 64, 273, 10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81364-X

Meek, 2001, The use of X-ray scattering techniques to determine corneal ultrastructure, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 20, 95, 10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00016-1

Meek, 2009, The use of X-ray scattering techniques to quantify the orientation and distribution of collagen in the corneal stroma, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 28, 369, 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.06.005

Meek, 1981, Interpretation of the meridional X-ray diffraction pattern from collagen fibrils in corneal stroma, J. Mol. Biol., 149, 477, 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90482-4

Meek, 1986, A synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of bovine cornea stained with cupromeronic blue, Coll. Relat. Res., 6, 203, 10.1016/S0174-173X(86)80026-7

Meek, 1987, The organisation of collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma: a synchrotron X-ray diffraction study, Curr. Eye Res., 6, 841, 10.3109/02713688709034853

Meek, 2003, Transparency, swelling and scarring in the corneal stroma, Eye (Lond.), 17, 927, 10.1038/sj.eye.6700574

Mega, 2012, Quantification of lamellar orientation in corneal collagen using second harmonic generation images, Opt. Lett., 37, 3312, 10.1364/OL.37.003312

Meller, 1997, Human cornea and sclera studied by atomic force microscopy, Cell Tissue Res., 288, 111, 10.1007/s004410050798

Meyer, 1948, Mucopolysaccharides and mucoids of ocular tissues, vol. 2, 71

Meyer, 1953, The mucopolysaccharides of bovine cornea, J. Biol. Chem., 295, 611, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)49203-4

Mi, 2011, Adhesion of laser-assisted keratomilieusis-like flaps in the cornea: effects of crosslinking, stromal fibroblasts and cytokine treatment, J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 37, 166, 10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.07.028

Michael, 2010, Intraocular straylight screening in medical testing centres for driver licence holders in Spain, J. Optom., 3, 107

Mimura, 2006, Replication competence and senescence in central and peripheral human corneal endothelium, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47, 1387, 10.1167/iovs.05-1199

Moller-Pedersen, 2004, Keratocyte reflectivity and corneal haze, Exp. Eye Res., 78, 553, 10.1016/S0014-4835(03)00208-2

Morishige, 2006, Non-invasive corneal stromal collagen imaging using two-photon-generated second-harmonic signals, J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 32, 1784, 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.08.027

Morishige, 2011, Three-dimensional analysis of collagen lamellae in the anterior stroma of the human cornea visualised by second harmonic generation imaging microscopy, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 52, 911, 10.1167/iovs.10-5657

Müller, 2001, The specific architecture of the anterior stroma accounts for maintenance of corneal curvature, Br. J. Ophthalmol., 85, 437, 10.1136/bjo.85.4.437

Müller, 2004, A new three-dimensional model of the organization of proteoglycans and collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma, Exp. Eye Res., 78, 493, 10.1016/S0014-4835(03)00206-9

Olsen, 1982, Light scattering from the human cornea, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 23, 81

Orgel, 2006, Microfibrillar structure of type I collagen in situ, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 103, 9001, 10.1073/pnas.0502718103

Ottani, 2002, Hierarchical structures in fibrillar collagens, Micron, 33, 587, 10.1016/S0968-4328(02)00033-1

Parekh, 2014, A portable device for measuring donor corneal transparency in eye banks, Cell Tissue Bank., 15, 7, 10.1007/s10561-013-9372-2

Parfitt, 2011

Patel, 2007, Objective measurement of backscattered light from the anterior and posterior cornea in vivo, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 48, 166, 10.1167/iovs.06-0767

Patel, 2008, The effect of corneal light scatter on vision after penetrating keratoplasty, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 146, 913, 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.07.018

Petsche, 2013, The role of 3-D collagen organization in stromal elasticity: a model based on X-ray diffraction data and second harmonic-generated images, Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol., 12, 1101, 10.1007/s10237-012-0466-8

Piatigorsky, 1998, Gene sharing in lens and cornea: facts and implications, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 17, 145, 10.1016/S1350-9462(97)00004-9

Pircher, 2011, Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography in the human eye, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 30, 431, 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.06.003

Polack, 1961, Morphology of the cornea. 1. Study with silver stains, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 51, 1051

Rada, 1993, Regulation of corneal collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro by corneal proteoglycan (lumican and decorin) core proteins, Exp. Eye Res., 56, 635, 10.1006/exer.1993.1081

Radner, 1998, Interlacing and cross-angle distribution of collagen lamellae in the human cornea, Cornea, 17, 537, 10.1097/00003226-199809000-00012

Radner, 2002, Interlacing of collagen lamellae in the midstroma of the human cornea, Cornea, 21, 598, 10.1097/00003226-200208000-00013

Ranvier, 1898, Influence histogénétique d’une forme antérieure, à propos de la regeneration de la membrane de Descemet, C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 126, 23

Raspanti, 2010, Different architectures of collagen fibrils enforce different fibrillogenesis mechanisms, J. Biomed. Sci. Eng., 3, 1169, 10.4236/jbise.2010.312152

Raspanti, 2011, Evidence of a discrete axial structure in unimodal collagen fibrils, Biomacromolecules, 12, 4344, 10.1021/bm201314e

Regini, 2004, The ordering of collagen fibrils with increasing ionic strength, J. Mol. Biol., 336, 179, 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.001

Reinstein, 2008, Epithelial thickness in the normal cornea: three-dimensional display with very high frequency ultrasound, J. Refract. Surg., 24, 571, 10.3928/1081597X-20080601-05

Renault, 1889

Rispoli, 1978, Apparecchiatura a fibre ottiche per la misura oggettiva della variazione di trasparenza corneale, Boll. Ocul., 55, 63

Rozema, 2011, Backscattered light from the cornea before and after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for myopia, J. Cataract Refract. Surg., 37, 1648, 10.1016/j.jcrs.2011.03.043

Ruberti, 2008, Prelude to corneal tissue engineering – gaining control of collagen organization, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 27, 549, 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.08.001

Schlötzer-Schrehardt, 2015, Ultrastructure of the posterior corneal stroma, Ophthalmology, 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.09.037

Schweigger-Seidel, 1869, On the cornea

Scott, 1988, Identification of specific binding sites for keratan sulphate proteoglycans and chondroitin-dermatan sulphate proteoglycans on collagen fibrils in cornea by the use of cupromeronic blue in ‘critical-electrolyte-concentration’ techniques, Biochem. J., 253, 607, 10.1042/bj2530607

Scott, 1990, A comparative biochemical and ultrastructural study of proteoglycan-collagen interactions in corneal stroma. Functional and metabolic implications, Biochem. J., 270, 491, 10.1042/bj2700491

Silverman, 1981, Tissue and species specificity of BCP-54, the major soluble protein of bovine cornea, Exp. Eye Res., 33, 19, 10.1016/S0014-4835(81)80078-4

Smith, 1990, Light scatter from the central human cornea, Eye, 4, 584, 10.1038/eye.1990.81

Stiemke, 1995, The establishment and maintenance of corneal transparency, Prog. Retin. Eye Res., 14, 109, 10.1016/1350-9462(93)E0011-R

Syed-Picard, 2015, Dental pulp stem cells: a new cellular resource for corneal stromal regeneration, Stem Cells Transl. Med., 4, 276, 10.5966/sctm.2014-0115

Teng, 2006, Multiphoton autofluorescence and second-harmonic generation imaging of the ex vivo porcine eye, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47, 1216, 10.1167/iovs.04-1520

Torreicelli, 2014, Cellular and extracellular matrix modulation of corneal stromal opacity, Exp. Eye Res., 129, 151, 10.1016/j.exer.2014.09.013

Tuer, 2012, Hierarchical model of fibrillar collagen organization for interpreting the second-order susceptibility tensors in biological tissue, Biophys. J., 103, 2093, 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.10.019

Van Best, 1988, Corneal transmission in whole human eyes, Exp. Eye Res., 46, 765, 10.1016/S0014-4835(88)80062-9

Van den Berg, 2013, History of ocular straylight measurement : a review, Z. Med. Phys., 23, 6, 10.1016/j.zemedi.2012.10.009

Van den Berg, 1994, Light transmittance of the human cornea from 320 to 700 nm for different ages, Vision Res., 34, 1453, 10.1016/0042-6989(94)90146-5

Virchow, 1905, vol. 1, 1

Vogel, 1979, A better way to construct the sunflower head, Math. Biosci., 44, 179, 10.1016/0025-5564(79)90080-4

Von Fleischl, 1880, vol. 3, 47

Wall, 1988, Bovine corneal stoma contains a structural glycoprotein located in the gap region of the collagen fibrils, Biosci. Rep., 8, 77, 10.1007/BF01128974

Wang, 2004, Objective measurements of corneal light-backscatter during corneal swelling, by optical coherence tomography, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 45, 3493, 10.1167/iovs.04-0096

Weiner, 1912, Allgemeine Sätze űber die Dielektrizitätskonstanten der Mischkörper, Abh. Sachs. Ges. Akad. Wiss. Math. Phys. Kl., 6, 574

White, 2014, 3D structural studies of the cornea, Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt., 34, 693

Winkler, 2011, Nonlinear optical microscopic assessment of 3-D corneal collagen organization and axial biomechanics, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 52, 8818, 10.1167/iovs.11-8070

Winkler, 2013, Three-dimensional distribution of transverse collagen fibers in the anterior human corneal stroma, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 54, 7293, 10.1167/iovs.13-13150

Winkler, 2015, A comparative study of vertebrate corneal structure: the evolution of a refractive lens, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 56, 2764, 10.1167/iovs.15-16584

Yamamoto, 2000, The subfibrillar arrangement of corneal and scleral collagen fibrils as revealed by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, Arch. Histol. Cytol., 63, 127, 10.1679/aohc.63.127

Yamamoto, 2002, Observation of human corneal and scleral collagen fibrils by atomic force microscopy, Jpn. J. Ophthalmol., 46, 496, 10.1016/S0021-5155(02)00558-0

Yamauchi, 1996, Cross-linking and the molecular packing of corneal collagen, Biochim. Biophys. Res. Commun., 219, 311, 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0229

Yanagishita, 1993, A brief history of proteoglycans, Experientia, 49, 366, 10.1007/BF01923581

Yee, 1966, Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell's equations in isotropic media, IEEE Trans., AP-14, 302

Young, 2014, Three-dimensional aspects of matrix assembly by cells in the developing cornea, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 111, 687, 10.1073/pnas.1313561110

Zhang, 2008, Genetic evidence for the coordinated regulation of collagen fibrillogenesis in the cornea by decorin and biglycan, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 8888, 10.1074/jbc.M806590200

Zigman, 1993, Ocular light damage, Photochem. Photobiol., 57, 1060, 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02972.x