Fungal isolates from natural pectic substrates for polygalacturonase and multienzyme production
Tóm tắt
Pectin rich wastes and waste dump yard soils were screened and eighty pectinolytic fungal isolates were obtained by enrichment culturing and ruthenium red plate assay. Eight isolates with higher zones of pectin hydrolysis were selected and tested for polygalacturonase production. One isolate identified as Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 with highest polygalacturonase activity was tested for utilization of raw pectins for enzyme production. Polygalacturonase production was high in raw pectin sources like Orange peel (16.8 U/ml) Jack fruit rind (38 U/ml) Carrot peel (36U/ml) and Beet root peel (24U/ml). Selected Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 was found to be having good polygalacturonase, xylanase, cellulase and weak amylase and protease activities. This isolate with multi-enzyme production could have application for enzymes production and degradation of fruit and vegetable waste in the process of urban waste disposal.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ismail AS (1996) Utilization of orange peels for the production of multienzyme complexes by some fungal strains. Proc. Biochem 31:645–650
Jarvis MC (1984) Structure and properties of pectin gells in plant cell walls. Plant cell Env 7:153–164
Alkorta I, Garbisu C, Llama MJ and Serra JL (1998) Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: A review. Process Biochem 33:21–28
Whitaker JR (1984) Pectic substances, pectic enzymes and haze formation in fruit juices. Enzyme Microb Technol 6: 341–349
Jayani RS, Saxena S and Gupta R (2005) Microbial pectinolytic enzymes: A review. Process Biochemistry 40: 2931–2944
Dayanand A and Patil SR (2006) Production of pectinase from deseeded dried sunflower head by Aspergillus niger in submerged and solid-state conditions. Bio resource technology 97:2054–2058
Whitaker JR (1990) Microbial Pectinolytic enzymes. (Fogarty W.M and Kelly C T eds) Microbial Enzymes and biotechnology 2nd ed. London: Elsiever Science Ltd. pp 133–176
Urmila P, Vikram D, Shobhana S and Chadha BS (2005) Pectinase and polygalacturonase production by a thermophilic Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from decomposting orange peels. Braz J Microbiol (1):1–14
Wen-Chi Hou, Wei-Hsien Chang and Chii-Ming Jiang (1999) Qualitative distinction of carbozyl group distributions in pectins with ruthenium red. Bot Bull Acad Sin 40: 115–119
Ranganna S (1979) Manual of analysis of fruits and vegetable products Tata McGraw-Hill Pub Co Ltd. New Delhi, 634
Collmer A, Reid JL and Mount MS (1988) Assay procedures for pectic enzymes. Methods in Enzymology 161: 329–335
Nelson N (1944) A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J Biol Chem 153: 375–380
Naidu GSN and Panda T (1998) Production of pectolytic enzymes-A review. Bioprocess Eng 19:355–361
Miller GL (1959) Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31:426–428
Ghose TK (1987) Measurement of Cellulase activities. Pure and applied Chemistry. 59:257–268
Kunitz M and McDonald MR (1946) Crystalline Hexokinase (Heterophosphatese) Method of isolation and properties. J Gen Physiol 29:393–412
Kulp K (1975) Pectic enzymes. In G. Reed (ed). Enzymes in Food Processing. 2nd Ed (G. Reed ed.) Academic Press New York, pp 107–117
Teixeira MFS, Lima Filho JL and Duran N (2000). Carbon sources effect on Pectinase production from Aspergillus japonicus 586. Braz J Microbiol 31(4):1–13
Maldonado MC and Strasser de Saad AM (1998) Production of pectinesterase and polygalacturonase by Aspergillus niger in submerged and solid-state systems. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 20:34–38
Pedrolli DB, Gomes E, Monti R and Carmona EC (2008) Studies on productivity and charecterisation of polygalacturonase from Aspergillus giganteus submerged culture using citrus pectin and orange waste. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 144(2):191–200
Galiotoupanayotou M, Rodris P and Kapantai M (1993) Enhanced polygalacturonase production by Aspergillus niger NRRL-364 grown on supplemented citrus pectin. Lett Appl Microbiol 17:145–148
Balandino A, Dravillas K, Cantero D and Pandiella S S (2001) Utilisation of whole wheat flour for the production of extra cellular Pectinases by some fungal strains. Process biochem 37:497–503
Gummadi SN and Kumar DS (2005) Microbial pectic transeliminases. Biotechnol Lett 27:451–458
Kaur G, Kumar S and Satyanarayana T (2004). Production, characterization and application of a thermophilic mould Sporotrichum thermophile Apinis. Bio resource technology 94:239–243
Favela-Torres E, Volke-Sepulveda T and Vaniegra-Gonzalez G (2006) Production of hydrolytic depolymerising Pectinases. Food technol Biotechnol. 44(2):221–227