Changes in breakdown pressure and fracture morphology of sandstone induced by nitrogen gas fracturing with different pore pressure distributions

Bennour, 2015, Crack extension in hydraulic fracturing of shale cores using viscous oil, water, and liquid carbon dioxide, Rock Mech Rock Eng, 48, 1463, 10.1007/s00603-015-0774-2 Jia, 2015, Study on the steady and transient pressure characteristics of shale gas reservoirs, J Nat Gas Sci Eng, 24, 210, 10.1016/j.jngse.2015.03.016 Li X, Feng ZJ, Han G, Elsworth D, Marone C, Saffer D. Hydraulic fracturing in shale with H2O, CO2 and N2. Paper ARMA 15-786, presented at the 49th US rock mechanics / geomechanics symposium: San Francisco, CA, USA; 28 June - 1 July 2015. Gottschling, 1985, Nitrogen gas and sand: a new technique for stimulation of devonian shale, J Petrol Technol, 37, 901, 10.2118/12313-PA Middleton, 2015, Shale gas and non-aqueous fracturing fluids: opportunities and challenges for supercritical CO2, Appl Energy, 147, 500, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.023 Gan, 2015, Breakdown pressures due to infiltration and exclusion in finite length boreholes, J Petrol Sci Eng, 127, 329, 10.1016/j.petrol.2015.01.011 Ishida, 2012, Acoustic emission monitoring of hydraulic fracturing laboratory experiment with supercritical and liquid CO2, Geophys Res Lett, 39, 1, 10.1029/2012GL052788 Rogala, 2013, Non-aqueous fracturing technologies for shale gas recovery, Physicochem Probl Mi Proc, 49, 313 Hou, 2016, Experimental investigation on the failure and acoustic emission characteristics of shale, sandstone and coal under gas fracturing, J Nat Gas Sci Eng, 35, 211, 10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.048 Hou, 2016, Changes in pore structure and permeability of low permeability coal under pulse gas fracturing, J Nat Gas Sci Eng, 34, 1017, 10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.015 Alpern JS, Marone CJ and Elsworth D. Exploring the physicochemical processes that govern hydraulic fracture through laboratory experiments. In: The 46th US symposium on rock mechanics and geomechanics: Chicago, Illinois, USA; 24-27 June 2012. Gomaa AM, Qu Q, Maharidge R, Nelson S, Reed T. New Insights into Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale Formations. In: International petroleum technology conference: Daha, 20-22 January 2014. Li X, Feng ZJ, Han G, Elsworth D, Marone C, Saffer D. Hydraulic fracturing in shale with H2O, CO2 and N2. In: Proceedings of the 49th US rock mechanics/geomechanics symposium: San Francisco, 28 June- 1; July 2015. Zhang, 2017, Impact of water and nitrogen fracturing fluids on fracturing initiation pressure and flow pattern in anisotropic shale reservoirs, Comput Geotech, 81, 59, 10.1016/j.compgeo.2016.07.011 Ito, 2008, Effect of pore pressure gradient on fracture initiation in fluid saturated porous media: rock, Eng Fract Mech, 75, 1753, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.03.028 Bruno, 1991, Pore pressure influence on tensile fracture propagation in sedimentary rock, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 28, 261, 10.1016/0148-9062(91)90593-B Li, 2015, Investigation on the effect of pore pressure gradient on fracture propagation in rock materials, Mater Res Innov, 19, 237, 10.1179/1432891715Z.0000000001477 Ma, 2015, Influence of pore pressure on tensile fracture growth in rocks: a new explanation based on numerical testing, Front Earth Sci, 9, 412, 10.1007/s11707-014-0481-4 Xie, 2016, Novel idea of the theory and application of 3D volume fracturing for stimulation of shale gas reservoirs (in Chinese), Chin Sci Bull, 61, 36, 10.1360/N972015-00262 ASTM D3967–08, 2008 ASTM D7012–14, 2014 Ito, 2008, Effect of pore pressure gradient on fracture initiation in fluid saturated porous media: rock, Eng Fract Mech, 75, 1753, 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.03.028 Ito, 1991, Physical background to the breakdown pressure in hydraulic fracturing tectonic stress measurements, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 28, 285, 10.1016/0148-9062(91)90595-D Haimosn BC, Fairhurst C. In situ stress determination at great depth by means of hydraulic fracturing. In: Proceedings of the 11th symposium on rock mechanics: Berkeley, California, USA; 16-19 June 1969. Zoback, 1997, Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments in intact and pre-fractured rock, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr, 14, 49, 10.1016/0148-9062(77)90196-6 Chen, 2015, Observations of fractures induced by hydraulic fracturing in anisotropic granite, Rock Mech Rock Eng, 48, 1455, 10.1007/s00603-015-0727-9 Jia, 2018, Surface characteristics and permeability enhancement of shale fractures due to water and supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing, J Petrol Sci Eng, 165, 284, 10.1016/j.petrol.2018.02.018