The connectedness to nature scale: A measure of individuals’ feeling in community with nature

Journal of Environmental Psychology - Tập 24 - Trang 503-515 - 2004
F.Stephan Mayer1, Cynthia McPherson Frantz1
1Department of Psychology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

Aron, 1991, Close relationships as including other in the self, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 241, 10.1037/0022-3514.60.2.241 Aronson, 1982, The relative effectiveness of models and prompts on energy conservation, Journal of Experimental Systems, 12, 219, 10.2190/UBD5-4Y9B-61EF-WUM6 Baumeister, 1995, The need to belong, Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497, 10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497 Berry, 1997 Burn, 1991, Social psychology and the stimulation of recycling behaviors, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21, 611, 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00539.x Cialdini, 1997, Reinterpreting the empathy–altruism relationship, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 481, 10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.481 Cialdini, 1990, A focus theory of normative conduct, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1015, 10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015 Clayton, 2003 Coke, 1978, Empathic mediation of helping; a two stage model, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 752, 10.1037/0022-3514.36.7.752 Dasgupta, 2001, On the malleability of automatic attitudes, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 800, 10.1037/0022-3514.81.5.800 Davis, 1995, The effects of message framing on response to environmental communications, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 72, 285, 10.1177/107769909507200203 Davis, 1996, The effect of perspective taking on the cognitive representation of persons, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 100 Diener, 1993, Subjective well-being, Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276, 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 Dunlap, 1978, The “new environmental paradigm”, Journal of Environmental Education, 9, 10, 10.1080/00958964.1978.10801875 Dunlap, 2000, Measuring endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm, Journal of Social Issues, 56, 425, 10.1111/0022-4537.00176 Evans, 1998, When buildings don’t work, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 85, 10.1006/jevp.1998.0089 Fazio, 1981, Direct experience and attitude–behavior consistency, Vol. 14 Fisher, 2002 Galinsky, 2000, Perspective-taking, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 708, 10.1037/0022-3514.78.4.708 Gonzales, 1988, Using social cognition and persuasion to promote energy conservation, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 18, 1049, 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1988.tb01192.x Greenwald, 1998, Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1464, 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464 Haring, 1984, A quantitative synthesis of literature on work status and subjective well-being, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 25, 316, 10.1016/0001-8791(84)90054-X Haring-Hidore, 1985, Marital status and subjective well-being, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 47, 947, 10.2307/352338 Heckler, 1994, The role of memory in understanding and encouraging recycling behavior. Special Issue, Psychology and Marketing, 11, 375, 10.1002/mar.4220110406 Iozzi, 1989, What research says to the education, Journal of Environmental Education, 20, 3, 10.1080/00958964.1989.9942782 Kals, 1999, Emotional affinity toward nature as a motivational basis to protect nature, Environment and Behavior, 31, 178, 10.1177/00139169921972056 Karpinski, 2001, Attitudes and the implicit association test, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 774, 10.1037/0022-3514.81.5.774 Kellert, 1993, Attitudes, knowledge, and behavior toward wildlife among the industrial superpowers, Journal of Social Issues, 49, 53, 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1993.tb00908.x Kellert, S. R. & Wilson, E. O. (Eds.) (1993). The biophilia hypothesis. Island Press. Leopold, 1949 Levitt, 1986, Litter reduction, Environment and Behavior, 18, 467, 10.1177/0013916586184003 Mayer, F. S., Frantz, C. M., Norton, C., & Rock, M. (2003). Self-awareness and connectedness to nature. Paper presented at the American Psychological Society, Atlanta. Myers, 2000, The funds, friends, and faith of happy people, American Psychologist, 55, 56, 10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.56 Norberg-Hodge, 2000 Orr, 1994 Oskamp, 2000, Psychological contributions to achieving an ecologically sustainable future for humanity, Journal of Social Issues, 56, 373, 10.1111/0022-4537.00173 Oskamp, S., Zelezny, L., Schultz, P. W., Hurin, S., Burkhardt, R., & O’Neil, E. (1994). Commingled versus separated curbside recycling and long-term participation. Paper presented at the annual conference o the American Psychological Association. Pallak, 1980, Commitment and energy conservation, 235 Pooley, 2000, Environmental education and attitudes, Environment and Behavior, 32, 711, 10.1177/00139160021972757 Pretty, 2002 Rauwald, 2002, Environmental attitudes as predictors of policy support across three countries, Environment and Behavior, 34, 709, 10.1177/001391602237243 Rokeach, 1968 Roszak, 1995, Where psyche meet Gaia Roszak, 2001 1995 Schultz, 2000, Empathizing with nature, Journal of Social Issues, 56, 391, 10.1111/0022-4537.00174 Schultz, 2001, Assessing the structure of environmental concern, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 327 Schultz, 2002, Inclusion with nature Schultz, 2004, Implicit connections with nature, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 31, 10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00022-7 Schultz, 1999, Values and proenvironmental behavior, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 255 Stern, 2000, Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior, Journal of Social Issues, 56, 407, 10.1111/0022-4537.00175 Stern, 1994, The value basis of environmental concern, Journal of Social Issues, 50, 65, 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1994.tb02420.x Stern, 1985, The effectiveness of incentives for residential energy conservation, Evaluation Review, 10, 147, 10.1177/0193841X8601000201 Stern, 1995, The new environmental paradigm in social psychological perspective, Environment and Behavior, 27, 723, 10.1177/0013916595276001 Thompson, 1994, Ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes toward the environment, Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 149 Werner, 1995, Commitment, behavior, and attitude change, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15, 197, 10.1016/0272-4944(95)90003-9 Wilson, 1984 Wilson, 2001 Witter, 1984, Education and subjective well-being, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 6, 165, 10.3102/01623737006002165 Zelezny, 2000, Elaborating on gender differences in environmentalism, Journal of Social Issues, 56, 443, 10.1111/0022-4537.00177