Invasive American Mink: Linking Pathogen Risk Between Domestic and Endangered Carnivores

Acosta-Jamett G, Chalmers WSK, Cunningham AA, Cleaveland S, Handel IG, Bronsvoort, BMD (2011) Urban domestic dog populations as a source of canine distemper virus for wild carnivores in the Coquimbo region of Chile. Veterinary Microbiology 152: 247-257 Acton AEB (2007) Evaluation of noninvasive molecular monitoring for fecal pathogens among free-ranging carnivores. PhD Dissertation, North Carolina State University, NC, p 149 Agresti A (2002) Categorical data analysis. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc Hoboken Alexander KA, Appel MJ (1994) African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) endangered by a canine distemper epizootic among domestic dogs near the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 30: 481-485 Almberg E, Mech L, Smith D, Sheldon J, Crabtree R (2009) A serological survey of infectious disease in Yellowstone National Park’s canid community. PLoS ONE 4: e7042 Almberg ES, Cross PC, Dobson AP, Smith DW, Hudson PJ (2012) Parasite invasion following host reintroduction: a case study of Yellowstone’s wolves. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367: 2840-2851. Anderson PK, Cunningham AA, Patel NG, Morales FJ, Epstein PR, Daszak P (2004) Emerging infectious diseases of plants: pathogen pollution, climate change and agrotechnology drivers. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19: 535-544. Appel MJG (1987) Canine distemper virus. In: Virus infections of Carnivores, Appel MJG (editor), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 133-159 pp Blehert DS, Hicks AC, Behr M, Meteyer CU, Berlowski-Zier BM, Buckles EL, et al. (2009) Bat white-nose syndrome: an emerging fungal pathogen? Science 323: 227-227 Brashares JS, Arcese P, Sam MK, Coppolillo PB, Sinclair AR, Balmford A (2004) Bushmeat hunting, wildlife declines, and fish supply in West Africa. Science 306: 1180-1183 Burnham, KP, Anderson DR (2002). Model selection and multi-model inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. New York: Springer Chappuis G (1998) Neonatal immunity and immunisation in early age: lessons from veterinary medicine. Vaccine 16:1468–1472 Cleaveland S, Appel MGJ, Chalmers WSK, Chillingworth C, Kaare M, Dye C (2000) Serological and demographic evidence for domestic dogs as a source of canine distemper virus infection for Serengeti wildlife. Veterinary Microbiology 72: 217–227 Cleaveland S, Kaare M, Knobel D, Laurenson MK (2006) Canine vaccination—providing broader benefits for disease control. Veterinary Microbiology 117: 43-50 Craft ME, Volz E, Packer C, Meyers LA (2011) Disease transmission in territorial populations: the small-world network of Serengeti lions. Journal of the Royal Society Interface 8: 776-786 Cunningham MW, Shindle DB, Allison AB, Terrell SP, Mead DG, Owen M (2009) Canine distemper epizootic in Everglades mink. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45: 1150-1157 Daszak P, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD (2000) Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife–threats to biodiversity and human health. Science 287: 443-449 Daszak P, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD (2001) Anthropogenic environmental change and the emergence of infectious diseases in wildlife. Acta Tropica 78: 103-116 De Bosschere H, Roels S, Lemmens N, Vanopdenbosch E (2005) Canine distemper virus in Asian clawless otter (Aonyx cinereus) littermates in captivity. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 74: 299 Deem SL, Spelman LH, Yates RA, Montali RJ (2000) Canine distemper in terrestrial carnivores: A review. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 31: 441-451 Depue JE, Ben-David M (2010) River otter latrine site selection in arid habitats of Western Colorado, USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 74: 1763-1767 Diamond JM, Ordunio D (1997) Guns, germs, and steel. New York: Norton Dobson A, Foufopoulos J (2001) Emerging infectious pathogens of wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356: 1001-1012 Donadio E, Buskirk SW (2006) Diet, morphology, and interspecific killing in carnivora. American Naturalist 167: 524-536 Dunstone N (1993) The mink. London: T and AD Poyser Ltd Elia G, Decaro N, Martella V, Cirone F, Lucente MS, Lorusso E, et al. (2006) Detection of canine distemper virus in dogs by real-time RT-PCR. Journal of Virological Methods 136: 171-176 Ernst S, Metayer F, Huber A (1987) Influence of climatic factors in the variability of the prevalence of some canine infectious diseases. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria 19:13-19 Farías A, Sepúlveda MA, Silva-Rodríguez EA, Eguren A, González D, Jordán N, et al. (2014) A new population of the Darwin’s fox (Lycalopex fulvipes) in the Valdivian Coastal Range. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. doi:10.1186/0717-6317-1-3 Foreyt WJ, Jessup DA (1982) Fatal pneumonia of bighorn sheep following association with domestic sheep. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 18: 163-168 Fournier-Chambrillon C, J Chusseau, J Dupuch, C Maizeret, P Fournier. 2003. Inmobilization of free-ranging European mink (Mustela lutreola) and polecat (Mustela putorius) with medetomidine-ketamine and reversal with atipamezole. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 39: 393-399 Fournier-Chambrillon C, Aasted B, Perrot A, Pontier D, Sauvage F, Artois M, et al. (2004) Antibodies to aleutian mink disease parvovirus in free-ranging European mink (Mustela lutreola) and other small carnivores from Southwestern France. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 40: 394-402 Geisel O (1979) Distemper in otters (Lutra lutra). Berliner Und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 92: 304 Gilbert AT, Fooks AR, Hayman DTS, Horton DL, Müller T, Plowright R, et al. (2013) Deciphering serology to understand the ecology of infectious diseases in wildlife. EcoHealth 10: 298-313 Gonzalez-Acuña D, Ortega-Vasquez R, Rivera-Ramírez P, Cabello-Cabalin J (2003) Verdacht auf Staupe beim Graufuchs (Pseudalopex griseus) im mittleren Chile (Fallbericht). Zeitschrift fur Jagdwissenschaft 49:1-4 Gowtage-Sequeira S, Banyard AC, Barrett T, Buczkowski H, Funk SM, Cleaveland S (2009) Epidemiology, pathology, and genetic analysis of a canine distemper epidemic in Namibia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45: 1008-1020 Grenfell BT, Dobson AP (1995) Ecology of infectious diseases in natural populations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Hatcher MJ, Dick JT, Dunn AM (2012) Disease emergence and invasions. Functional Ecology 26: 1275-1287 Haas L, Barrett T (1996) Rinderpest and other animal morbillivirus infections: comparative aspects and recent developments. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B 43: 411-420 Hilbe JM (2011) Negative binomial regression. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Hosmer DW, Hosmer T, Le Cessie S, Lemeshow S (1997) A comparison of goodness-of-fit tests for the logistic regression model. Statistics in Medicine 16: 965-980 Hutchings MR, White PCL (2000) Mustelid scent-marking in managed ecosystems: Implications for population management. Mammal Review 30: 157-169 Jaksic FM (1998) Vertebrate invaders and their ecological impacts in Chile. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 1427-1445 Jaksic FM, Iriarte JA, Jimenez JE, Martinez DR (2002) Invaders without frontiers: Cross-border invasions of exotic mammals. Biological Invasions 4: 157-173 Jenkins EJ, Schurer JM, Gesy KM (2011) Old problems on a new playing field: Helminth zoonoses transmitted among dogs, wildlife, and people in a changing northern climate. Veterinary Parasitology 182: 54-69 Jiménez JE, Lucherini M, Novaro AJ (2008) Pseudalopex fulvipes. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed 16 Nov 2013 Jiménez J, Briceño C, Alcaíno H, Vásquez P, Funk S, González-Acuña D (2012) Coprologic survey of endoparasites from Darwin’s fox (Pseudalopex fulvipes) in Chiloé, Chile. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria 44: 93-97 Jiménez, JE, Crego RD, Soto GE, Román I, Rozzi R, Vergara PM (2013) Potential impact of the alien American Mink (Neovison vison) on Magellanic woodpeckers (Campephilus magellanicus) in Navarino Island, Southern Chile. Biological Invasions. doi:10.1007/s10530-013-0549-1 Kimber KR, Kollias GV, Dubovi EJ (2000) Serologic survey of selected viral agents in recently captured wild North American river otters (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 31: 168-175 Kruuk H (2006) Otters: ecology, behaviour and conservation. Oxford: Oxford University Press Lafferty KD, Gerber LR (2002) Good medicine for conservation biology: the intersection of epidemiology and conservation theory. Conservation Biology 16: 593-604 Lembo T, Hampson K, Haydon DT, Craft M, Dobson A, Dushoff J, et al. (2008) Exploring reservoir dynamics: a case study of rabies in the Serengeti ecosystem. Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 1246-1257 López J, Abarca K, Cerda J, Valenzuela B, Lorca L, Olea A, et al. (2009) Surveillance system for infectious diseases of pets, Santiago, Chile. Emerging Infectious Diseases 15: 1674 Luebert F, Pliscoff P (2005) Bioclimas de la Cordillera de la Costa del Centro-sur de Chile. In: Historia, biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques costeros de Chile, Smith-Ramirez C, Armesto J, Valdovinos C (editors), Santiago de Chile: Editorial Universitaria, pp 61-74 Madsen A, Dietz H, Henriksen P, Clausen B (1999) Survey of Danish free living otters Lutra lutra- a consecutive collection and necroscopy of dead bodies. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin 16: 65-76 Macdonald DW (1985) The carnivores: order Carnivora. In: Social odours in mammals, Brown, RE, Macdonald DW (editors), Oxford: Clarendon. pp 619-722 McDonald RI, Kareiva P, Forman RT (2008) The implications of current and future urbanization for global protected areas and biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation 141: 1695-1703 Medina G (1996) Conservation and status of Lutra provocax in Chile. Pacific Conservation Biology 2: 414-419 Medina-Vogel G, Kaufman VS, Monsalve R, Gomez V (2003) The influence of riparian vegetation, woody debris, stream morphology and human activity on the use of rivers by southern river otters in Lontra provocax in Chile. Oryx 37: 422-430 Miller M, Gardner I, Kreuder C, Paradies D, Worcester K, Jessup D, et al. (2002) Coastal freshwater runoff is a risk factor for Toxoplasma gondii infection of southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). International Journal for Parasitology 32: 997-1006 Mos L, Ross P, McIntosh D, Raverty S (2003) Canine distemper virus in river otters in British Columbia as an emergent risk for coastal pinnipeds. Veterinary Record 152: 237-239 Murray DL, Kapke CA, Evermann JF, Fuller TK (1999) Infectious disease and the conservation of free-ranging large carnivores. Animal Conservation 2: 241-254 Plowright RK, Foley P, Field HE, Dobson AP, Foley JE, Eby P, Daszak P (2011) Urban habituation, ecological connectivity and epidemic dampening: the emergence of Hendra virus from flying foxes (Pteropus spp.). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278: 3703-3712 Prager K, Mazet JA, Dubovi EJ, Frank LG, Munson L, Wagner AP, Woodroffe R (2013) Rabies virus and canine distemper virus in wild and domestic carnivores in Northern Kenya: Are domestic dogs the reservoir? EcoHealth 9: 1-16 R Development Core Team. 2011. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria Rodríguez-Jorquera I, Sepúlveda MA (2011) Trophic spatial variations in the Southern river otter, Lontra provocax, in freshwater habitats, Chile. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin 28: 70 - 75 Roelke-Parker ME, Munson L, Packer C, Kock R, Cleaveland S, Carpenter M, et al. (1996) A canine distemper virus epidemic in Serengeti lions (Panthera leo). Nature 379: 441-445 Saito TB, Alfieri AA, Wosiacki SR, Negrao FJ, Morais HSA, Alfieri AF (2006) Detection of canine distemper virus by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in the urine of dogs with clinical signs of distemper encephalitis. Research Veterinary Science 80: 116–119 Schmitt SM, O’brien DJ, Bruning-Fann CS, Fitzgerald SD (2002) Bovine tuberculosis in Michigan wildlife and livestock. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 969: 262-268 Schüttler E, Klenke R, McGehee S, Rozzi R, Jax K (2009). Vulnerability of ground-nesting waterbirds to predation by invasive American mink in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile. Biological Conservation, 142: 1450-1460 Sepúlveda MA, Bartheld JL, Monsalve R, Gómez V, Medina-Vogel G (2007) Habitat use and spatial behaviour of the endangered Southern river otter (Lontra provocax) in riparian habitats of Chile: conservation implications. Biological Conservation 140: 329-338 Sepúlveda MA, Franco M, Medina G, Fasola L, Alvarez R (2008) Lontra provocax. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed 7 Aug 2013 Sepúlveda MA, Bartheld J, Meynard C, Benavides M, Astorga C, Parra D, et al. (2009) Landscape features and crustacean prey as predictors of the Southern river otter distribution in Chile. Animal Conservation 12: 522-530 Sepúlveda MA, Munoz-Zanzi C, Rosenfeld C, Jara R, Pelican KM, Hill D (2011) Toxoplasma gondii in feral American minks at the Maullin river, Chile. Veterinary Parasitology 175: 60-65 Sepúlveda MA (2013) Interactions between domestic, invasive and threatened carnivores and their implications in conservation and pathogen transmission. PhD Dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, p 158 Sepúlveda MA, Singer R, Silva-Rodríguez E, Stowhas P, Pelican K (2014) Domestic dogs in rural communities around protected areas: conservation problem or conflict solution? PLoS ONE 9(1): e86152. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086152 Shen D, Gorham J (1980) Survival of pathogenic distemper virus at 5C and 25C. Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Clinician 75: 69-70 Sillero Zubiri C, Macdonald DW, King AA (1996) Rabies and mortality in Ethiopian wolves (Canis simensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32: 80-86 Simpson VR (2006) Patterns and significance of bite wounds in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in southern and south-west England. Veterinary Record 158: 113-119 Skerratt LF, Berger L, Speare R, Cashins S, McDonald KR, Phillott AD, et al. (2007) Spread of chytridiomycosis has caused the rapid global decline and extinction of frogs. EcoHealth 4: 125-134 Thorne E, Williams ES (1988) Disease and Endangered Species: The black-footed ferret as a recent example. Conservation Biology 2: 66-74 Tompkins D, White A, Boots M (2003) Ecological replacement of native red squirrels by invasive greys driven by disease. Ecology Letters 6: 189-196 Weldon C, du Preez LH, Hyatt AD, Muller R, Speare R (2004) Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10: 2100-2105 White PCL, Böhm M, Marion G, Hutchings MR (2008) Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no ‘silver bullet’. Trends in Microbiology 16: 420-427 Williams ES, Thorne ET, Appel MJ, Belitsky DW (1988) Canine distemper in black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) from Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 24: 385-398 Wolfe ND, Dunavan CP, Diamond J (2007) Origins of major human infectious diseases. Nature 447: 279-283 Woodroffe R (1999) Managing disease threats to wild mammals. Animal Conservation 2: 185-193 Woolhouse ME, Gowtage-Sequeria S (2005) Host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens. Emerging Infectious Diseases 11: 1842 Zuberogoitia I, Zabala J, Martinez JA (2006) Diurnal activity and observations of the hunting and ranging behaviour of the American mink (Mustela vison). Mammalia 70: 310-312