Citalopram increases pregnanolone sensitivity in patients with premenstrual syndrome: An open trial

American Psychiatric Association, 1994 Andersch, 1986, Premenstrual complaints. I. Prevalence of premenstrual symptoms in a Swedish urban population, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 5, 39, 10.3109/01674828609016741 Bahill, 1975, The main sequence, a tool for studying human eye movements, Mathematical Biosciences, 24, 191, 10.1016/0025-5564(75)90075-9 Ball, 1991, Pharmacology of saccadic eye movements in man: 1. Effects of the benzodiazepine receptor ligands midazolam and flumazenil, Psychopharmacology, 105, 361, 10.1007/BF02244431 Baloh, 1975, Quantitative measurement of saccade amplitude, duration, and velocity, Neurology, 25, 1065, 10.1212/WNL.25.11.1065 Becker, 1989, Metrics, 13 Biegon, 1990, Effects of steroid hormones on the serotonergic system, Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 600, 427, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb16899.x Bitran, 1993, Anxiolytic effect of progesterone is associated with increases in cortical allopregnanolone and GABAA-receptor function, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 45, 423, 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90260-Z Bäckström, 1986, The human corpus luteum secretes 5α-pregnan-3,20-dione, Acta Endocrinologica (Copenhagen), 111, 116, 10.1530/acta.0.1110116 Bäckström, 1983, Mood, sexuality, hormones, and the menstrual cycle. II. Hormone levels and their relationship to the premenstrual syndrome, Psychosomatic Medicine, 45, 503, 10.1097/00006842-198312000-00004 Carl, 1994, Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of eltanolone (pregnaolone), a new steroid intravenous anaesthetic, in humans, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 38, 734, 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1994.tb03987.x Coprechot, 1993, Neurosteroids: 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one and its precursors in the brain, plasma, and steroidogenic glands of male and female rats, Endocrinology, 133, 1003, 10.1210/endo.133.3.8365352 Coupland, 1992, Challenge tests: Assessment of the noradrenergic and GABA systems in depression and anxiety disorders, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 13, 221, 10.1016/0098-2997(92)90011-N Dennerstein, 1994, The relationship between the menstrual cycle and female sexual interest in women with PMS complaints and volunteers, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 19, 293, 10.1016/0306-4530(94)90067-1 Eriksson, 1995, The serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetin is superior to the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor maprotiline in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, Neuropsychopharmacology, 12, 167, 10.1016/0893-133X(94)00076-C Eriksson, 1990, Serotonin in psychiatric pathophysiology, 66 Gentles, 1971, Effect of benzodiazepines upon saccadic eye movements in man, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2, 563, 10.1002/cpt1971124563 Glue, 1991, The pharmacology of saccadic eye movements, Journal of Psychopharmacology, 5, 377, 10.1177/026988119100500432 Glue, 1992, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone selectively reverses lorazepam-induced sedation but not slowing of saccadic eye movements, Life Sciences, 50, 25, 10.1016/0024-3205(92)90382-Y Graze, 1990, Premenstrual depression predicts future major depressive disorder, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 81, 201, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06479.x Halbreich, 1995, Estrogen augments serotonergic activity in postmenopausal women, Biological Psychiatry, 37, 434, 10.1016/0006-3223(94)00181-2 Hammarbäck, 1991, Spontaneous anovulation causing disappearance of cyclical symptoms in women with the premenstrual syndrome, Acta Endocrinologica (Copenhagen), 125, 132, 10.1530/acta.0.1250132 Hammarbäck, 1988, Induced anovulation as treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome, Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 67, 159, 10.3109/00016348809004191 Hammarbäck, 1985, Cyclical mood changes as in the premenstrual tension syndrome during sequential estrogen-progestagen postmenopausal replacement treatment, Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 64, 393, 10.3109/00016348509155154 Hammarbäck, 1989, Diagnosis of premenstrual tension syndrome: description and evaluation of a procedure for diagnosis and differential diagnosis, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 10, 25, 10.3109/01674828909016676 Hammarbäck, 1989, Relationship between symptom severity and hormone changes in women with premenstrual syndrome, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 68, 125, 10.1210/jcem-68-1-125 Hikosaka, 1985, Modification of saccadic eye movements by GABA-related substances: I. Effect of muscimol and bicuculline in the monkey superior colliculus, Journal of Neurophysiology, 53, 266, 10.1152/jn.1985.53.1.266 Hommer, 1986, Benzodiazepine sensitivity in normal human subjects, Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 542, 10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800060032005 Jäntti, 1983, Acute effects of intravenously given alcohol on saccadic eye movements and subjective evaluations of intoxication, Psychopharmacology, 79, 251, 10.1007/BF00427822 Kaspi, 1994, Premenstrual exacerbation of symptoms in women with panic disorder, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 8, 131, 10.1016/0887-6185(94)90011-6 Ladisich, 1977, Influence of progesterone on serotonin metabolism: a possible causal factor for mood changes, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2, 257, 10.1016/0306-4530(77)90042-7 Landgren, 1987, The effect of progesterone and its metabolites on the interictal epileptiform discharge in the cat's cerebral cortex, Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 131, 33, 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08202.x Leidenheimer, 1992, Acute effects of ethanol on GABAA-receptor function: molecular and physiological determinants, 269 Majewska, 1986, Steroid hormone metabolites are barbiturate-like modulators of the GABA receptor, Science, 232, 1004, 10.1126/science.2422758 Marshall, 1985, A microcomputer system to assess CNS depression from the analysis of the dynamics of saccadic eye movements, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 20, 304 Marshall, 1989, An IBM-based system for the generation, collection and analysis of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 28, 752 McCormack, 1988, Clinical application of visual analogue scales: a critical review, Psychological Medicine, 18, 1007, 10.1017/S0033291700009934 Mercer, 1990, Saccadic eye movements as a method of psychometric assessment, 88 Mortola, 1994, A risk-benefit appraisal of drugs used in the management of premenstrual syndrome, Drug Safety, 10, 160, 10.2165/00002018-199410020-00005 Norberg, 1987, The anaesthetic potency of 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one and 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one determined with an intravenous EEG-threshold method in male rats, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 61, 42, 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1987.tb01770.x Nutt, 1990, Flumazenil provocation of panic attacks. Evidence for altered benzodiazepine receptor sensitivity in panic disorder, Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 917, 10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810220033004 Pearlstein, 1994, Long-term fluoxetine treatment of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55, 332 Pearlstein, 1990, Prevalence of axis I and axis II disorders in women with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder, Journal of Affective Disorders, 20, 129, 10.1016/0165-0327(90)90126-S Purdy, 1991, Stress-induced elevations of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor-active steroids in the rat brain, 88, 4553 Romeo, 1996, Marked decrease of plasma neuroactive steroids during alcohol withdrawal, Clinical Neuropharmacology, 19, 366, 10.1097/00002826-199619040-00011 Roy-Burne, 1990, Reduced benzodiazepine sensitivity in panic disorder, Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 534, 10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810180034006 Schmidt, 1994, Circulating levels of anxiolytic steroids in the luteal phase in women with premenstrual syndrome and in control subjects, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 79, 1256 Shekhar, 1994, Effects of treatment with imipramine and clonazepam on an animal model of panic disorder, Biological Psychiatry, 36, 748, 10.1016/0006-3223(94)90086-8 Shekhar, 1996, Dorsomedial hypothalamic GABA dysfunction produces physiological arousal following sodium lactate infusions, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 55, 249, 10.1016/S0091-3057(96)00077-9 Steiner, 1995, Fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria, New England Journal of Medicine, 332, 1529, 10.1056/NEJM199506083322301 Sundblad, 1993, Clomipramine administered during the luteal phase reduces the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome: A placebo-controlled trial, Neuropsychopharmacology, 9, 133, 10.1038/npp.1993.52 Sundström, 1997, Reduced benzodiazepine sensitivity in patients with premenstrual syndrome, a pilot study, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 22, 25, 10.1016/S0306-4530(96)00035-2 Sundström, I., Andersson, A., Nyberg, S., Ashbrook, D., Purdy, R. H. and Bäckström, T. (in press) Patients with premenstrual syndrome have a different sensitivity to a neuroactive steroid during the menstrual cycle compared to control subjects. Neuroendocrinology, in press. Uzunov, 1996, Fluoxetine-elicited changes in brain neurosteroid content measured by negative ion mass fragmentography, 93, 12599 Wang, 1996, Relationship between symptom severity and steroid variation in women with premenstrual syndrome: Study on serum pregnenolone, pregnenolone sulfate, 5α-pregnan-3,20-dione and 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 81, 1076 Wieland, 1991, Anxiolytic activity of the progesterone metabolite 5α-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one, Brain Research, 565, 263, 10.1016/0006-8993(91)91658-N