Giant electric-field-induced strains in lead-free ceramics for actuator applications – status and perspective

Journal of Electroceramics - Tập 29 - Trang 71-93 - 2012
Wook Jo1, Robert Dittmer1, Matias Acosta1, Jiadong Zang1, Claudia Groh1, Eva Sapper1, Ke Wang1, Jürgen Rödel1
1Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

Tóm tắt

In response to the current environmental regulations against the use of lead in daily electronic devices, a number of investigations have been performed worldwide in search for alternative piezoelectric ceramics that can replace the market-dominating lead-based ones, representatively Pb(Zr x Ti1-x )O3 (PZT)-based solid solutions. Selected systems of potential importance such as chemically modified and/or crystallographically textured (K, Na)NbO3 and (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based solid solutions have been developed. Nevertheless, only few achievements have so far been introduced to the marketplace. A recent discovery has greatly extended our tool box for material design by furnishing (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based ceramics with a reversible phase transition between an ergodic relaxor state and a ferroelectric with the application of electric field. This paired the piezoelectric effect with a strain-generating phase transition and extended opportunities for actuator applications in a completely new manner. In this contribution, we will present the status and perspectives of this new class of actuator ceramics, aiming at covering a wide spectrum of topics, i.e., from fundamentals to practice.

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