Sensitivity of soil organic carbon stocks and fractions to different land-use changes across Europe

Alfredsson, 1998, Changes in soil acidity and organic matter following the establishment of conifers on former grassland in New Zealand, Forest Ecology and Management, 112, 245, 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00346-6 Amelung, 1999, Minimisation of organic matter disruption during particle-size fractionation of grassland epipedons, Geoderma, 92, 73, 10.1016/S0016-7061(99)00023-3 Angers, 2008, Full-inversion tillage and organic carbon distribution in soil profiles: a meta-analysis, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 72, 1370, 10.2136/sssaj2007.0342 Baker, 2007, Tillage and soil carbon sequestration — what do we really know?, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 118, 1, 10.1016/j.agee.2006.05.014 Batjes, 1996, Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world, European Journal of Soil Science, 47, 151, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01386.x Bol, 2009, Molecular turnover time of soil organic matter in particle-size fractions of an arable soil, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 23, 2551, 10.1002/rcm.4124 Breuer, 2006, Impact of a conversion from cropland to grassland on C and N storage and related soil properties: analysis of a 60-year chronosequence, Geoderma, 133, 6, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.033 Cambardella, 1998, Experimental verification of simulated soil organic matter pools Chabbi, 2009, Stabilised carbon in subsoil horizons is located in spatially distinct parts of the soil profile, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41, 256, 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.033 Christensen, 2001, Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover, European Journal of Soil Science, 52, 345, 10.1046/j.1365-2389.2001.00417.x Coleman, 1996, RothC-26.3 — a model for the turnover of carbon in soil, 237 Conant, 2001, Grassland management and conversion into Grassland: effects on soil carbon, Ecological Applications, 11, 343, 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0343:GMACIG]2.0.CO;2 Conant, 2003, Land use effects on soil carbon fractions in the southeastern United States. I. Management-intensive versus extensive grazing, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 38, 386, 10.1007/s00374-003-0652-z Conant, 2004, Land use effects on soil carbon fractions in the southeastern United States. II. Changes in soil carbon fractions along a forest to pasture chronosequence, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 40, 194, 10.1007/s00374-004-0754-2 Davis, 2002, Impact of grassland afforestation on soil carbon in New Zealand: a review of paired-site studies, Australian Journal of Soil Research, 40, 675, 10.1071/SR01074 DeFries, 1999, Combining satellite data and biogeochemical models to estimate global effects of human-induced land cover change on carbon emissions and primary productivity, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 13, 803, 10.1029/1999GB900037 Don, 2007, Spatial and vertical variation of soil carbon at two grassland sites — implications for measuring soil carbon stocks, Geoderma, 141, 272, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.06.003 Don, 2009, Conversion of cropland into grassland: Implications for soil organic-carbon stocks in two soils with different texture, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science-Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 172, 53, 10.1002/jpln.200700158 Don, 2011, Impact of tropical land-use change on soil organic carbon stocks — a meta-analysis, Global Change Biology, 17, 1658, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02336.x Don, 2012, No rapid soil carbon loss after a windthrow event in the High Tatra, Forest Ecology and Management, 276, 239, 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.04.010 Dondini, 2009, The potential of Miscanthus to sequester carbon in soils: comparing field measurements in Carlow, Ireland to model predictions, GCB Bioenergy, 1, 413, 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01033.x Ellert, 1995, Calculation of organic matter and nutrients stored in soils under contrasting management regimes, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 75, 529, 10.4141/cjss95-075 Fontaine, 2007, Stability of organic carbon in deep soil layers controlled by fresh carbon supply, Nature, 450, 10.1038/nature06275 Franzluebbers, 2002, Particulate and non-particulate fractions of soil organic carbon under pastures in the Southern Piedmont USA, Environmental Pollution, 116, 53, 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00247-0 Guo, 2002, Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis, Global Change Biology, 8, 345, 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2002.00486.x Hassink, 1994, Effects of soil texture and grassland management on soil organic C and N and rates of C and N mineralization, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 26, 1221, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90147-3 Hassink, 1997, Size and density fractionation of soil organic matter and the physical capacity of soils to protect organic matter, European Journal of Agronomy, 7, 189, 10.1016/S1161-0301(97)00045-2 Haynes, 1997, Influence of six crop species on aggregate stability and some labile organic matter fractions, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 29, 1647, 10.1016/S0038-0717(97)00078-3 Helfrich, 2007, Comparison of chemical fractionation methods for isolating stable soil organic carbon pools, European Journal of Soil Science, 58, 1316, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00926.x Hiederer, 2011 Houghton, 2003, Revised estimates of the annual net flux of carbon to the atmosphere from changes in land use and land management 1850–2000, Tellus B, 55, 378, 10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.01450.x Huggins, 2007, Corn-soybean sequence and tillage effects on soil carbon dynamics and storage, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71, 145, 10.2136/sssaj2005.0231 Jastrow, 1996, Soil aggregate formation and the accrual of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 28, 665, 10.1016/0038-0717(95)00159-X Jastrow, 1998, Contributions of interacting biological mechanisms to soil aggregate stabilization in restored prairie, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 30, 905, 10.1016/S0038-0717(97)00207-1 Jug, 1999, Short-rotation plantations of balsam poplars, aspen and willows on former arable land in the Federal Republic of Germany. III. Soil ecological effects, Forest Ecology and Management, 121, 85, 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00558-1 Kätterer, 2008, Long-term impact of chronosequential land use change on soil carbon stocks on a Swedish farm, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 81, 145, 10.1007/s10705-007-9156-9 Kleber, 2005, Poorly crystalline mineral phases protect organic matter in acid subsoil horizons, European Journal of Soil Science, 56, 717 Krull, 2003, delta(13)C and delta(15)N profiles in (14)C-dated Oxisol and Vertisols as a function of soil chemistry and mineralogy, Geoderma, 112, 1, 10.1016/S0016-7061(02)00291-4 Laganiere, 2010, Carbon accumulation in agricultural soils after afforestation: a meta-analysis, Global Change Biology, 16, 439, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01930.x Leifeld, 2005, Soil organic matter fractions as early indicators for carbon stock changes under different land-use?, Geoderma, 124, 143, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.009 Lorenz, 2005, The depth distribution of soil organic carbon in relation to land use and management and the potential of carbon sequestration in subsoil horizons, Vol. 88, 35, 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)88002-2 Lützow, 2006, Stabilization of organic matter in temperate soils: mechanisms and their relevance under different soil conditions – a review, European Journal of Soil Science, 57, 426, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00809.x MacDonald, 2010, Plowing a poorly drained grassland reduced soil respiration, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 74, 2067, 10.2136/sssaj2010.0059 Marland, 2000 Martin, 1990, Estimate of organic-matter turnover rate in a savanna soil by C-13 natural abundance measurements, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 22, 517, 10.1016/0038-0717(90)90188-6 McDowell, 2001, Influence of soil constituents on soil phosphorus sorption and desorption, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 32, 2531, 10.1081/CSS-120000389 Mikutta, 2005, Poorly crystalline minerals protect organic carbon in clay subfractions from acid subsoil horizons, Geoderma, 128, 106, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.018 Nieder, 2000, C and N accumulation in arable soils of West Germany and its influence on the environment — developments 1970 to 1998, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science-Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 163, 65, 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2624(200002)163:1<65::AID-JPLN65>3.0.CO;2-I Paul, 1997, Radiocarbon dating for determination of soil organic matter pool sizes and dynamics, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61, 1058, 10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100040011x Pérez-Cruzado, 2011, Influence of tree species on carbon sequestration in afforested pastures in a humid temperate region, Plant and Soil, 1 Poeplau, 2011, Temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon after land-use change in the temperate zone — carbon response functions as a model approach, Global Change Biology, 17, 2415, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02408.x Rasse, 2005, Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation, Plant and Soil, 269, 341, 10.1007/s11104-004-0907-y Rasse, 2006, Carbon turnover kinetics with depth in a french loamy soil, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 70, 2097, 10.2136/sssaj2006.0056 Richter, 1999, Rapid accumulation and turnover of soil carbon in a re-establishing forest, Nature, 400, 56, 10.1038/21867 Rumpel, 2011, Deep soil organic matter—a key but poorly understood component of terrestrial C cycle, Plant and Soil, 338, 143, 10.1007/s11104-010-0391-5 Rumpel, 2002, Vertical distribution, age, and chemical composition of organic, carbon in two forest soils of different pedogenesis, Organic Geochemistry, 33, 1131, 10.1016/S0146-6380(02)00088-8 Scharnagl, 2010, Information content of incubation experiments for inverse estimation of pools in the Rothamsted carbon model: a Bayesian perspective, Biogeosciences, 7, 763, 10.5194/bg-7-763-2010 Schulze, 2010, The European carbon balance. Part 4: integration of carbon and other trace-gas fluxes, Global Change Biology, 16, 1451, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02215.x Six, 1998, Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 62, 1367, 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200050032x Six, 2000, Soil macroaggregate turnover and microaggregate formation: a mechanism for C sequestration under no-tillage agriculture, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32, 2099, 10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00179-6 Six, 2001, Sources and composition of soil organic matter fractions between and within soil aggregates, European Journal of Soil Science, 52, 607, 10.1046/j.1365-2389.2001.00406.x Six, 2002, Measuring and understanding carbon storage in afforested soils by physical fractionation, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66, 1981, 10.2136/sssaj2002.1981 Smith, 2004, Soils as carbon sinks: the global context, Soil Use and Management, 20, 212, 10.1079/SUM2004233 Soussana, 2004, Carbon cycling and sequestration opportunities in temperate grasslands, Soil Use and Management, 20, 219, 10.1079/SUM2003234 Spohn, 2011, Total, hot water extractable, and oxidation-resistant carbon in sandy hydromorphic soils—analysis of a 220-year chronosequence, Plant and Soil, 338, 183, 10.1007/s11104-010-0322-5 Stemmer, 1999, The effect of maize straw placement on mineralization of C and N in soil particle size fractions, European Journal of Soil Science, 50, 73, 10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00204.x The Terrestrial Carbon Group, 2010 Thuille, 2006, Carbon dynamics in successional and afforested spruce stands in Thuringia and the Alps, Global Change Biology, 12, 325, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01078.x Traore, 2000, Effect of root mucilage and modelled root exudates on soil structure, European Journal of Soil Science, 51, 575, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2000.00348.x Vesterdal, 2002, Change in soil organic carbon following afforestation of former arable land, Forest Ecology and Management, 169, 137, 10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00304-3 Vesterdal, 2008, Carbon and nitrogen in forest floor and mineral soil under six common European tree species, Forest Ecology and Management, 255, 35, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.015 Wiesmeier, 2012, Soil organic carbon stocks in southeast Germany (Bavaria) as affected by land use, soil type and sampling depth, Global Change Biology, 18, 2233, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02699.x Wright, 2007, Crop species and tillage effects on carbon sequestration in subsurface soil, Soil Science, 172, 124, 10.1097/SS.0b013e31802d11eb Xu, 2011, Modeling the change in soil organic carbon of grassland in response to climate change: effects of measured versus modelled carbon pools for initializing the Rothamsted Carbon model, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 140, 372, 10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.018 Zaehle, 2007, Projected changes in terrestrial carbon storage in Europe under climate and land-use change, 1990–2100, Ecosystems, 10, 380, 10.1007/s10021-007-9028-9 Zimmermann, 2007, Sodium hypochlorite separates an older soil organic matter fraction than acid hydrolysis, Geoderma, 139, 171, 10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.01.014 Zimmermann, 2007, Quantifying soil organic carbon fractions by infrared-spectroscopy, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39, 224, 10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.07.010 Zimmermann, 2007, Measured soil organic matter fractions can be related to pools in the RothC model, European Journal of Soil Science, 58, 658, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00855.x