Diversity and distribution of antennal sensilla of lac insect, Kerria chinensis (Hemiptera: Kerridae)
Tóm tắt
Sensilla are small hair-like structures modified for the perception of specific stimuli and thereby helping in finding conspecific mates and suitable oviposition sites apart from controlling feeding behavior. The knowledge of type as well as morphology of sensilla helps in understanding their role in the host selection procedure, mate finding and pheromone detection. The scanning electron micrograph revealed the presence of seven different types of sensilla viz., sensilla trichodea 1(ST1); sensilla trichodea 2(ST2) sensilla trichodea 3 (ST3) sensilla basiconica (SB); sensilla chaetica (SCh); sensilla coeloconica (SCo) and sensilla flagellate (SF) on the antenna of K. chinensis. Sensilla trichodea (ST) are slender and flexible hair-shaped sensilla, while SB is thick walled sensilla with sharp-apex, SCh are long, straight, and stiff hair-like structures, SCo are short peg like sensilla with a thin wall, smooth surface, and wider base; and SF are smooth-walled and slender with flexible socket. They are having a floret-like apex with possible apical pores, and are embedded in non-flexible sockets. The study on type and morphology of antennal sensilla of Keria chinensis, the most important and commercially exploited lac insect species revealed significant variations in numbers across the scape, pedicel and flagellum. The numbers of sensilla present on the scape, pedicel and flagellum of the nymphal instars was recorded to be 2.40 ± 0.25, 2.20 ± 0.16 and 13.90 ± 2.07, respectively after 45 days of brood lac inoculation (DAI). The scape, pedicel and flagellum of male stands higher numbers of sensilla (2.60 ± 0.23, 5.50 ± 0.51 and 66.62 ± 3.96, respectively) including sensilla trichoidea (ST1, ST2, ST3), sensilla basiconica (SB), and sensilla flagellum (SF) on the proximal part as against sensilla cheatica (SCh) and sensilla coeloconica (SCo) on the apical flagellomeres. The size of ST1 present on the antenna was found higher (45.30 ± 0.65 μm − 45.90 ± 0.43 μm on length and 0.88 ± 0.39 μm − 0.97 ± 0.02 μm on width) as against 23.60 ± 0.40 μm − 28.10 ± 0.58 μm on length and 0.70 ± 0.07 μm − 0.97 ± 0.02 μm on width in the case of ST3. The length of SB varied from 22.60 ± 0.30 μm and 25.20 ± 0.41 μm as against its width that varied from 0.22 ± 0.02 μm and 0.31 ± 0.03 μm. SF was lacking on the male insects, which found varied from 146.40 ± 0.26 μm − 147.60 ± 0.52 μm in length and 0.82 ± 0.02 μm − 0.97 ± 0.01 μm in width on nymphal instars. Sensilla basiconica was found to be highest on nymphal instars while ST 3 was found to be highest on male lac insect. However SC was found to be least in numbers on the antennae of K. chinensis. Thus, the chemosensilla present on antenna might play a major role in host plant selection as well as the mate finding by K. chinensis.
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