Pembrolizumab as first-line therapy for patients with PD-L1-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 1 trial

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Non-small cell lung cancer—v4.2016;http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp (7 October 2016, date last accessed). Schiller, 2002, Comparison of four chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, N Engl J Med, 346, 92, 10.1056/NEJMoa011954 Blank, 2007, Contribution of the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway to T-cell exhaustion: an update on implications for chronic infections and tumor evasion, Cancer Immunol Immunother, 56, 739, 10.1007/s00262-006-0272-1 Khoja, 2015, Pembrolizumab, J Immunother Cancer, 3, 36, 10.1186/s40425-015-0078-9 Garon, 2015, Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, N Engl J Med, 372, 2018, 10.1056/NEJMoa1501824 Dolled-Filhart, 2016, Development of a prototype immunohistochemistry assay to measure programmed death ligand-1 expression in tumor tissue, Arch Pathol Lab Med, 140, 1259, 10.5858/arpa.2015-0544-OA Dolled-Filhart, 2016, Development of a companion diagnostic for pembrolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer using immunohistochemistry for programmed death ligand-1, Arch Pathol Lab Med, 140, 1243, 10.5858/arpa.2015-0542-OA Borghaei, 2015, Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer, N Engl J Med, 373, 1627, 10.1056/NEJMoa1507643 Barlesi, 2016, Primary analysis from OAK, a randomized phase III study comparing atezolizumab with docetaxel in 2L/3L NSCLC Fehrenbacher, 2016, Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 387, 1837, 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00587-0 Rizvi, 2016, Nivolumab in combination with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2969, 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.9861 Reck, 2016, Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for PD-L1-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, N Engl J Med, 375, 1823, 10.1056/NEJMoa1606774 Socinski, 2016, CheckMate 026: a phase 3 trial of nivolumab vs investigator's choice (IC) of platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (PT-DC) as first-line therapy for stage IV/recurrent programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive NSCLC Gettinger, 2016, Nivolumab monotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2980, 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.9929 Besse, 2015, Phase II single arm trial (BIRCH) of atezolizumab as first line or subsequent therapy for locally advanced or metastatic PD-L1 selected NSCLC Hirsch, 2016, The Blueprint Project: harmonizing companion diagnostics across a class of targeted therapies Chatterjee, 2016, Systematic evaluation of pembrolizumab dosing in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, Ann Oncol, 27, 1291, 10.1093/annonc/mdw174 Herbst, 2016, Pembrolizumab versus docetaxel for previously treated, PD-L1-positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-010): a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 387, 1540, 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01281-7 Langer, 2016, Carboplatin and pemetrexed with or without pembrolizumab for advanced, non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, phase 2 cohort of the open-label KEYNOTE-021 study, Lancet Oncol, 17, 1497, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30498-3 Rizvi, 2015, Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer, Science, 348, 124, 10.1126/science.aaa1348 Chen, 2016, Analysis of immune signatures in longitudinal tumor samples yields insight into biomarkers of response and mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockade, Cancer Discov, 6, 827, 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-15-1545 Le, 2015, PD-1 blockade in tumors with mismatch-repair deficiency, N Engl J Med, 372, 2509, 10.1056/NEJMoa1500596 Herbst, 2014, Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in cancer patients, Nature, 515, 563, 10.1038/nature14011 Tumeh, 2014, PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance, Nature, 515, 568, 10.1038/nature13954