Physiological tools for irrigation scheduling in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

Al-Kaisi, 2003, Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency, Agron. J., 95, 1475, 10.2134/agronj2003.1475 Annan, K., 2000. UN Millennium Summit. http://www.un.org/millennium/summit.htm. Ansley, 1994, Stem flow and porometer measurements of transpiration from honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), J. Exp. Bot., 45, 847, 10.1093/jxb/45.6.847 Bota, 2001, Genetic variability of photosynthesis and water use in Balearic grapevine cultivars, Ann. Appl. Biol., 138, 353, 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2001.tb00120.x Bota, 2002, CO2/O2 specificity factor of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.): first in vitro determination and comparison to in vivo estimations, Vitis, 41, 163 Bota, 2004, Is photosynthesis limited by decreased Rubisco activity and RuBP content under progressive water stress?, New Phytol., 162, 671, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01056.x Boyer, 1996, Advances in drought tolerance in plants, Adv. Agron., 56, 187, 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60182-0 Bravdo, 1985, Effect of irrigation and crop level on growth, yield and wine quality of Cabernet Sauvignon, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 36, 132, 10.5344/ajev.1985.36.2.132 Cacho, 1992, Evolution of five anthocyanidin-3-glucosides in the skin of the Tempranillo Moristel and Garnacha grape varieties and influence of climatological variables, Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 43, 244, 10.5344/ajev.1992.43.3.244 Cerovic, 1996, Fluorosensing of water stress in plants: diurnal changes of the mean lifetime and yield of chlorophyll fluorescence, measured simultaneously and at distance with τ-LIDAR and modified PAM fluorometer in maize, sugar beet and kalanchoe, Remote Sens. Environ., 58, 311, 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00076-4 Chaves, 1991, Effects of water deficits on carbon assimilation, J. Exp. Bot., 42, 1, 10.1093/jxb/42.1.1 Chaves, 1987, Gas exchange studies in two Portuguese grapevine cultivars, Physiol. Plant., 70, 639, 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb04318.x Choné, 2001, Stem water potential is a sensitive indicator of grapevine water status, Ann. Bot., 87, 477, 10.1006/anbo.2000.1361 Cornic, 2000, Drought stress inhibits photosynthesis by decreasing stomatal aperture – not by affecting ATP synthesis, Trends Plant Sci., 5, 187, 10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01625-3 Correia, 1995, ABA xylem concentrations determine maximum daily leaf conductance of field-grown Vitis vinifera L. plants, Plant Cell Environ., 18, 511, 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00551.x Dry, 1999, Grapevine shoot growth and stomatal conductance are reduced when part of the root system is dried, Vitis, 38, 151 Dry, 2000, Partial drying of the rootzone of grape. I. Transient changes in shoot growth and gas exchange, Vitis, 39, 3 Dry, 2000, Partial drying of the rootzone of grape. II. Changes in the pattern of root development, Vitis, 39, 3 Dry, 2001, Strategic irrigation management in Australian vineyards, J. Int. Sci. Vigne Vin., 35, 129 Düring, 1987, Stomatal responses to alterations of soil and air humidity in grapevines, Vitis, 26, 9 Düring, 1988, CO2 assimilation and photorespiration of grapevine leaves: responses to light and drought, Vitis, 27, 199 Escalona, 1999, Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis under water stress in field-grown grapevines, Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 26, 421, 10.1071/PP99019 Escalona, 2002, Drought effects on water flow, photosynthesis and growth of potted grapevines, Vitis, 41, 57 Escalona, 2003, From leaf photosynthesis to grape yield: influence of soil water availability, Vitis, 42, 57 Esteban, 1999, Effect of irrigation on changes in berry composition during maturation. Sugars, organic acids, and mineral elements, Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 50, 418, 10.5344/ajev.1999.50.4.418 Esteban, 2001, Effect of irrigation on changes in the anthocyanin composition of the skin of cv Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L) grape berries during ripening, J. Sci. Food Agric., 81, 409, 10.1002/1097-0010(200103)81:4<409::AID-JSFA830>3.0.CO;2-H Evain, 2004, A new instrument for passive remote sensing. 2. Measurement of leaf and canopy reflectance changes at 531nm and their relationship with photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, Remote Sens. Environ., 91, 175, 10.1016/j.rse.2004.03.012 Fereres, 2003, Water productivity of crop plants in the Mediterranean Fereres, 1999, Continuous trunk diameter recording is a sensitive indicator for irrigation of peach, Calc. Agric., 53, 21, 10.3733/ca.v053n04p21 Fernandez, 2001, Heat-pulse measurements of sap flow in olives for automating irrigation: tests, root flow and diagnostics of water stress, Agric. Water Manage., 51, 99, 10.1016/S0378-3774(01)00119-6 Flexas, 2002, Drought-inhibition of photosynthesis in C3 plants: stomatal and non-stomatal limitation revisited, Ann. Bot., 89, 183, 10.1093/aob/mcf027 Flexas, 1999, Water stress induces different levels of photosynthesis and electron transport rate regulations in grapevines, Plant Cell Environ., 22, 39, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00371.x Flexas, 2000, Steady-state and maximum chlorophyll fluorescence responses to water stress in grapevine leaves: a new remote sensing system, Remote Sens. Environ., 73, 283, 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00104-8 Flexas, 2002, Effects of drought on photosynthesis in grapevines under field conditions: an evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations, Funct. Plant Biol., 29, 461, 10.1071/PP01119 Flexas, 2002, Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) measurements as a tool to follow variations of net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance during water-stress in C3 plants, Physiol. Plant., 114, 231, 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140209.x Flexas, 2004, Diffusive and metabolic limitations to photosynthesis under drought and salinity in C3 plants, Plant Biol., 6, 1, 10.1055/s-2004-820867 Gamon, 1990, Remote sensing of the xanthophyll cycle and chlorophyll fluorescence in sunflower leaves and canopies, Oecologia, 85, 1, 10.1007/BF00317336 Gamon, 1990, Photoinhibition in Vitis californica: interactive effects of sunlight, temperature and water status, Plant Cell Environ., 13, 267, 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01311.x Garnier, 1986, Effect of water stress on stem diameter changes of peach trees growing in the field, J. Appl. Ecol., 23, 193, 10.2307/2403091 Ginestar, 1998, Use of sap-flow sensors to schedule vineyard irrigation. I. Effects of post-veraison water deficit on water relations, vine growth, and yield of Shiraz grapevines, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 49, 413, 10.5344/ajev.1998.49.4.413 Girona, 2001, Programación de riego en viña en base al potencial hídrico de la hoja. Resultados del primer año (2001) Goldhamer, 1999, Sensitivity of continuous and discrete plant and soil water status monitoring in peach trees subjected to deficit irrigation, J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 124, 437, 10.21273/JASHS.124.4.437 Hepner, 1985, Effect of drip irrigation schedules on growth, yield, must composition and wine quality of Cabernet Sauvignon, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 36, 77, 10.5344/ajev.1985.36.1.77 Jones, 1999, Use of thermography for quantitative studies of spatial and temporal variation of stomatal conductance over leaf surfaces, Plant Cell Environ., 22, 1043, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00468.x Jones, 2002, Use of infrared thermography for monitoring stomatal closure in the field: application to grapevine, J. Exp. Bot., 53, 2249, 10.1093/jxb/erf083 Kliewer, 1983, Effect of irrigation, crop level and potassium fertilization on Carignane vines. I. Degree of water stress and effect on growth and yield, Am. J. Plant Physiol., 34, 186 Kriedemann, 1971, Effects of irradiance, temperature, and leaf water potential on photosynthesis of vine leaves, Photosynthetica, 5, 15 Liu, 1978, Changes in photosynthesis, stomatal resistance and abscisic acid of Vitis labruscana through drought and irrigation cycles, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 29, 239, 10.5344/ajev.1978.29.4.239 Loveys, 1984, Diurnal changes in water relations and abscisic acid in field-grown Vitis vinifera cultivars. III. The influence of xylem-derived abscisic acid on leaf gas exchange, New Phytol., 98, 563, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04149.x Loveys, 1984, Diurnal changes in water relations and abscisic acid in field-grown Vitis vinifera cultivars. II. Abscisic acid changes under semiarid conditions, New Phytol., 97, 37, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04107.x Loveys, 1974, Internal control of stomatal physiology and photosynthesis. I. Stomatal regulation and associated changes in endogenous levels of abscisic and phaseic acids, Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 407, 10.1071/PP9740407 Lovisolo, 2002, Whole-plant hydraulic conductance and root-to-shoot flow of abscisic acid independently affected by water stress in grapevines, Funct. Plant Biol., 29, 1349, 10.1071/FP02079 Maroco, 2002, Limitations to leaf photosynthesis in field-grown grapevine under drought – metabolic and modelling approaches, Funct. Plant Biol., 29, 451, 10.1071/PP01040 Matthews, 1988, Fruit ripening in Vitis vinifera L.: responses to seasonal water deficits, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 39, 313, 10.5344/ajev.1988.39.4.313 Matthews, 1989, Reproductive development in grape (Vitis vinifera L.): responses to seasonal water deficits, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 40, 52, 10.5344/ajev.1989.40.1.52 Matthews, 1987, Phenologic and growth-responses to early and late season water deficits in Cabernet franc, Vitis, 26, 147 Matthews, 1990, Dependence of wine sensory attributes on vine water status, J. Sci. Food Agric., 51, 321, 10.1002/jsfa.2740510305 Medrano, 2002, Regulation of photosynthesis of C3 plants in response to progressive drought: the interest of stomatal conductance as a reference parameter, Ann. Bot., 89, 895, 10.1093/aob/mcf079 Medrano, 2003, A ten-year study on the physiology of two Spanish grapevine cultivars under field conditions: effects of water availability from leaf photosynthesis to grape yield and quality, Funct. Plant Biol., 30, 607, 10.1071/FP02110 Moriana, 2000, The relations between trunk diameter fluctuations and tree water status in olive trees (Olea europaea L.), Acta Hort., 537, 293, 10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.537.33 Moya, 1998, An instrument for the measurement of sunlight excited plant fluorescence, vol. V, 4265 Moya, 2004, A new instrument for passive remote sensing. 1. Measurements of sunlight induced chlorophyll fluorescence, Remote Sens. Environ., 91, 186, 10.1016/j.rse.2004.02.012 Naor, 1994, Gas exchange and water relations of field-grown Concord (Vitis labruscana Bailey) grapevines, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 45, 333, 10.5344/ajev.1994.45.3.333 Naor, 1994, Gas exchange and water relations in field-grown Sauvignon blanc grapevines, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 45, 423, 10.5344/ajev.1994.45.4.423 Ounis, 2001, Adaptation of a PAM-fluorometer for remote sensing of chlorophyll fluorescence, Photosynth. Res., 68, 113, 10.1023/A:1011843131298 Peñuelas, 1998, Visible and near-infrared reflectance techniques for diagnosing plant physiological status, Trends Plant Sci., 3, 151, 10.1016/S1360-1385(98)01213-8 Peñuelas, 1993, The reflectance at the 950–970nm region as an indicator of plant water status, Int. J. Remote Sens., 14, 1887, 10.1080/01431169308954010 Peñuelas, 1994, Reflectance indices associated with physiological changes in nitrogen- and water-limited sunflower leaves, Remote Sens. Environ., 48, 135, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90136-8 Penuelas, 1998, Comparative field study of spring and summer leaf gas exchange and photobiology of the Mediterranean trees Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia, J. Exp. Bot., 49, 229, 10.1093/jexbot/49.319.229 Poni, 1994, Interactions of crop level and late season water stress on growth and physiology of field-grown Concord grapevines, Am. J. Enol. Viticult., 45, 252, 10.5344/ajev.1994.45.2.252 Quick, 1992, The effect of water stress on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in four species grown under field conditions, Plant Cell Environ., 15, 25, 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01455.x Ragab, 2002, Climate change and water resources management in arid and semi-arid regions: prospective and challenges for the 21st century, Biosyst. Eng., 81, 3, 10.1006/bioe.2001.0013 Riou, 2000, Validation of canopy temperature as a water stress field indicator in vines Rodrigues, 1993, Osmotic adjustment in water stressed grapevine leaves in relation to carbon assimilation, Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 20, 309, 10.1071/PP9930309 Runyon, 1994, Environmental limits on net primary production and light-use efficiency across the Oregon transect, Ecol. Appl., 4, 226, 10.2307/1941929 Schultz, 1996, Water relations and photosynthetic responses of two grapevine cultivars of different geographical origin during water stress, Acta Hort., 427, 251, 10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.427.30 Schultz, 1998, Photosynthetic responses to drought of two grapevine cultivars of contrasted origin, vol. V, 3755 Schultz, 2003, Differences in hydraulic architecture account for near-isohydric and anisohydric behaviour of two field-grown Vitis vinifera L. cultivars during drought, Plant Cell Environ., 26, 1393, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01064.x Schultz, 1988, Vegetative growth distribution during water deficits in Vitis vinifera L, Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 15, 641, 10.1071/PP9880641 Sellers, 1992, Canopy reflectance, photosynthesis, and transpiration. III. A reanalysis using improved leaf models and a new canopy integration scheme, Remote Sens. Environ., 42, 187, 10.1016/0034-4257(92)90102-P Shulze, 1985, Canopy transpiration and water fluxes in the xylem of the trunk of Larix and Picea trees – a comparison of xylem flow, porometer and cuvette measurements, Oecologia, 66, 475, 10.1007/BF00379337 Sinclair, 1984, Water-use efficiency in crop production, Bioscience, 34, 36, 10.2307/1309424 Stoll, 2000, Hormonal changes induced by partial rootzone drying of irrigated grapevine, J. Exp. Bot., 51, 1627, 10.1093/jexbot/51.350.1627 Stylinski, 2002, Seasonal patterns of reflectance indices, carotenoid pigments and photosynthesis of evergreen chaparral species, Oecologia, 131, 366, 10.1007/s00442-002-0905-9 Williams, 1996, Grape, 851 Winkel, 2002, Radiation use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence, and reflectance indices associated with ontogenic changes in water-limited Chenopodium quinoa leaves, Photosynthetica, 40, 227, 10.1023/A:1021345724248 Yunusa, 2000, Determination of transpiration in irrigated grapevines: comparison of the heat-pulse technique with gravimetric and micrometeorological methods, Irrig. Sci., 20, 1, 10.1007/PL00006714