Common helminth infections of donkeys and their control in temperate regions

Equine Veterinary Education - Tập 25 Số 9 - Trang 461-467 - 2013
Jacqueline B. Matthews1, Faith Burden1
1Disease Control Moredun Research Institute The Donkey Sanctuary Edinburgh Sidmouth Devon UK

Tóm tắt

SummaryRoundworms and flatworms that affect donkeys can cause disease. All common helminth parasites that affect horses also infect donkeys, so animals that co‐graze can act as a source of infection for either species. Of the gastrointestinal nematodes, those belonging to the cyathostomin (small strongyle) group are the most problematic in UK donkeys. Most grazing animals are exposed to these parasites and some animals will be infected all of their lives. Control is threatened by anthelmintic resistance: resistance to all 3 available anthelmintic classes has now been recorded in UK donkeys. The lungworm, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi, is also problematical, particularly when donkeys co‐graze with horses. Mature horses are not permissive hosts to the full life cycle of this parasite, but develop clinical signs on infection. In contrast, donkeys are permissive hosts without displaying overt clinical signs and act as a source of infection to co‐grazing horses. Donkeys are also susceptible to the fluke, Fasciola hepatica. This flatworm can be transmitted, via snails and the environment, from ruminants. As with cyathostomins, anthelmintic resistance is increasing in fluke populations in the UK. A number of the anthelmintic products available for horses do not have a licence for use in donkeys, and this complicates the design of parasite control programmes. As no new equine anthelmintic classes appear to be near market, it is important that the efficacy of currently effective drugs is maintained. It is important that strategies are used that attempt to preserve anthelmintic efficacy. These strategies should be based on the concept that the proportion of worms in a population not exposed to anthelmintic at each treatment act as a source of ‘refugia’. The latter is an important factor in the rate at which resistance develops. Thus, it is imperative that parasite control programmes take into account the need to balance therapy to control helminth‐associated disease with the requirement to preserve anthelmintic effectiveness.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.03.001

10.2460/ajvr.70.5.571

10.1016/0020-7519(94)00214-9

Burden F., 2006, Equine interspecies aggression, Vet. Rec., 159, 859

10.1007/s11250-009-9462-0

Collins D.R., 1961, Fascioliasis in a Mexican burro, J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass., 139, 1321

10.1186/1746-6148-7-1

10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb02762.x

10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.034

Getachew M.(2006)Endoparasites of working donkeys in Ethiopia: epidemiological study and mathematical modelling. PhD thesis University of Glasgow.

10.1007/s11250-009-9381-0

10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.007

10.1007/s11259-012-9516-z

10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02469.x

10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00291.x

10.1007/s00284-009-9497-5

10.1111/j.2042-3292.2010.00084.x

10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.06.005

Malan F.S., 1979, Anthelmintic efficiency of fenbendazole in equines, J. S. Afr. Vet. Ass., 50, 255

10.1016/S0304-4017(02)00113-9

10.2746/095777308X363912

10.1111/j.2044-3862.2010.tb00458.x

10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00356.x

Mazhilene O.K., 1991, The practical aspects of the enterobiasis problem in Lithuania, Med. Parazitol. (Mosk)., 4, 31

10.1016/S0304-4017(97)00145-3

10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.08.005

10.1186/1756-3305-2-S2-S7

10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.09.043

10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.04.039

10.1136/vr.136.18.475-a

10.1016/S0169-4758(99)01416-7

10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.10.009

10.1016/0304-4017(89)90016-2

Roelfstra L., 2006, A study on the seasonal epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp. infection in horses and the appropriate treatment using a praziquantel gel (Droncit 9% oral gel), Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr., 119, 312

10.2746/042516403776148174

Solomon T., 2012, Occurrence of lungworm infection in equines and their associated risk factors, Glob. Vet., 8, 35

10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00397.x

10.1016/S0737-0806(07)80064-5

Trawford A.F. Burden F.andHodgkinson J.E.(2005)Suspected moxidectin resistance in cyathostomes in two donkey herds at the Donkey Sanctuary UK. In:20th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology New Zealand. pp 196.

10.1136/vr.139.6.142

10.1007/s11250-010-9617-z

Wyk J.A., 2001, Refugia: overlooked as perhaps the most potent factor concerning the development of anthelmintic resistance, Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res., 68, 55

10.1007/BF00925102

10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.10.010

10.1186/1756-3305-2-S2-S3

10.1017/S0950268809002660

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Equine Veterinary Education

Tập 25 Số 9

461-467

Thông tin tác giả