Competence-creating subsidiaries and FDI technology spillovers

Aitken, 1999, Do domestic firms benefit from direct foreign investment?: Evidence from Venezuela, American Economic Review, 89, 605, 10.1257/aer.89.3.605 Alcácer, 2007, Location strategies and knowledge spillovers, Management Science, 53, 760, 10.1287/mnsc.1060.0637 Almeida, 2004, Subsidiaries and knowledge creation: The influence of the MNC and host country on innovation, Strategic Management Journal, 25, 847, 10.1002/smj.388 Ambos, 2006, Learning from foreign subsidiaries: An empirical investigation of headquarters’ benefits from reverse knowledge transfers, International Business Review, 15, 294, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2006.01.002 Ambos, 2010, What are the consequences of initiative-taking in multinational subsidiaries, Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 1099, 10.1057/jibs.2010.19 Andersson, 2001, Subsidiary embeddedness and competence development in MNCs: A multi-level analysis, Organization Studies, 22, 1013, 10.1177/0170840601226005 Andersson, 2002, The strategic impact of external networks: Subsidiary performance and competence development in the multinational corporation, Strategic Management Journal, 23, 979, 10.1002/smj.267 Andersson, 2007, Balancing subsidiary influence in the federative MNC: A business network view, Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 802, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400292 Asmussen, 2008, Host-country environment and subsidiary competence: Extending the diamond network model, Journal of International Business Studies, 40, 42, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400420 Beugelsdijk, 2008, The impact of horizontal and vertical FDI on host's country economic growth, International Business Review, 17, 452, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2008.02.004 Birkinshaw, 1998, Multinational subsidiary development: Capability evolution and charter change in foreign-owned subsidiary companies, Academy of Management Review, 23, 773, 10.5465/amr.1998.1255638 Birkinshaw, 1998, Building firm-specific advantages in multinational corporations: The role of subsidiary initiative, Strategic Management Journal, 19, 221, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199803)19:3<221::AID-SMJ948>3.0.CO;2-P Blalock, 2008, Welfare gains from Foreign Direct Investment through technology transfer to local suppliers, Journal of International Economics, 74, 402, 10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.05.011 Blomkvist, 2010, Quo vadis?: The entry into new technologies in advanced foreign subsidiaries of the multinational enterprise, Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 1525, 10.1057/jibs.2010.22 Blomström, 1998, Multinational corporations and spillovers, Journal of Economic Survey, 12, 1, 10.1111/1467-6419.00056 Blundell, 1999, Market share, market value and innovation in a panel of British manufacturing firms, The Review of Economic Studies, 66, 529, 10.1111/1467-937X.00097 Buckley, 2007, Is the relationship between inward FDI and spillover effects linear?: An empirical examination of the case of China, Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 447, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400274 Buckley, 2007, The impact of foreign ownership, local ownership and industry characteristics on spillover benefits from foreign direct investment in China, International Business Review, 16, 142, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2006.12.006 Cameron, 2010 Cantwell, 1999, Technological globalisation and innovative centres: The role of corporate technological leadership and locational hierarchy, Research Policy, 28, 119, 10.1016/S0048-7333(98)00118-8 Cantwell, 2005, MNE competence-creating subsidiary mandates, Strategic Management Journal, 26, 1109, 10.1002/smj.497 Cantwell, J., & Piscitello, L. (in press). New competence creation in multinational company subunits: The role of international knowledge. The World Economy. Castellani, 2012, In praise of pecuniary externalities, European Journal of Development Research, 24, 15, 10.1057/ejdr.2011.53 Castellani, 2013, How remote are R&D labs: Distance factors and international innovative activities, Journal of International Business Studies, 44, 649, 10.1057/jibs.2013.30 Caves, 1974, Multinational firms, competition and productivity in host country markets, Economica, 41, 176, 10.2307/2553765 Chang, 2008, Spillovers and competition among foreign and local firms in China, Strategic Management Journal, 29, 495, 10.1002/smj.674 Chung, 2008, International knowledge sourcing: Evidence form U.S. firms expanding abroad, Strategic Management Journal, 29, 1207, 10.1002/smj.706 Collinson, 2012, The evolution of innovation capability in multinational enterprise subsidiaries: Dual network embeddedness and the divergence of subsidiary specialisation in Taiwan, Research Policy, 41, 1501, 10.1016/j.respol.2012.05.007 Danneels, 2002, The dynamics of product innovation and firm competences, Strategic Management Journal, 23, 1095, 10.1002/smj.275 de Faria, 2010, Knowledge protection strategies of multinational firms: A cross-country comparison, Research Policy, 39, 956, 10.1016/j.respol.2010.03.005 Driffield, 2007, Linking FDI motivation and host economy productivity effects: Conceptual and empirical analysis, Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 460, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400268 Driffield, 2002, Foreign direct investment, transactions linkages, and the performance of the domestic sector, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 9, 335, 10.1080/1357151021000010000 Dries, 2004, Foreign direct investment, vertical integration, and local suppliers: Evidence from the Polish dairy sector, World Development, 32, 1525, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.05.004 Du, 2014, FDI spillovers and industrial policy: The role of tariffs and tax holidays, World Development, 64, 366, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.06.005 Dyer, 2006, Relation-specific capabilities and barriers to knowledge transfers: Creating advantage through network relationships, Strategic Management Journal, 27, 701, 10.1002/smj.543 Dunning, 2008 Eapen, 2013, FDI spillover effects in incomplete datasets, Journal of International Business Studies, 44, 719, 10.1057/jibs.2013.32 Eisenhardt, 1995, Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry, Academy of Management Journal, 40, 84 Feinberg, 2000, Do world product mandates really matter?, Journal of International Business Studies, 31, 155, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490894 Feinberg, 2004, Knowledge spillovers and the assignment of R&D responsibilities to foreign subsidiaries, Strategic Management Journal, 25, 823, 10.1002/smj.396 Figueiredo, 2011, The role of dual embeddedness in the innovative performance of MNE subsidiaries: Evidence from Brazil, Journal of Management Studies, 48, 418, 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00965.x Findlay, 1978, Relative backwardness, direct foreign investment, and the transfer of technology: A simple dynamic model, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 92, 1, 10.2307/1885996 Foss, 2004, Organizing knowledge processes in the multinational corporation: An introduction, Journal of International Business Studies, 35, 340, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400102 Frost, 2002, Centers of excellence in multinational corporations, Strategic Management Journal, 23, 997, 10.1002/smj.273 Frost, 2005, R&D co-practice and ‘reverse’ knowledge integration in multinational firms, Journal of International Business Studies, 36, 676, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400168 Girma, 2005, Absorptive capacity and productivity spillovers from FDI: A threshold regression analysis, Oxford Bulletin of Economics & Statistics, 67, 281, 10.1111/j.1468-0084.2005.00120.x Giroud, 2012, Mind the gap: How linkages strengthen understanding of spillovers, European Journal of Development Research, 24, 20, 10.1057/ejdr.2011.48 Giroud, 2014, Foreign subsidiaries’ internal and external R&D cooperation in South Korea: Explanatory factors and interaction, Asian Business & Management, 13, 227, 10.1057/abm.2014.8 Giroud, 2012, Heterogeneous FDI in transition economies: A novel approach to assess the developmental impact of backward linkages, World Development, 40, 2206, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.03.018 Godart, 2013, Suppliers of multinationals and the forced linkage effect: Evidence from firm level data, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 94, 393, 10.1016/j.jebo.2013.01.007 Green, 2003 Grimpe, 2010, Balancing internal and external knowledge acquisition: The gains and pains from R&D outsourcing, Journal of Management Studies, 47, 1483, 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00946.x Gupta, 2006, The interplay between exploration and exploitation, Academy of Management Journal, 49, 693, 10.5465/AMJ.2006.22083026 Hallin, 2012, Revisiting the external impact of MNCs: An empirical study of the mechanisms behind knowledge spillovers from MNC subsidiaries, International Business Review, 21, 167, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2010.12.003 Hamel, 1990, Core competence, Harvard Business Review, 68, 79 Hansen, 1999, The multinational corporation conflicts and the coordinated mechanism, Organization Science, 44, 82 Haunschild, 1997, Modes of interorganizational imitation: The effects of outcome salience and uncertainty, Administrative Science Quarterly, 42, 472, 10.2307/2393735 Hausman, 1984, Econometric models for count data with an application to the patents-R&D relationship, Econometrica, 52, 909, 10.2307/1911191 Havranek, 2011, Estimating vertical spillovers from FDI: Why results vary and what the true effect is, Journal of International Economics, 85, 234, 10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.07.004 He, 2004, Exploration vs. exploitation: An empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis, Organization Science, 15, 481, 10.1287/orsc.1040.0078 Huang, 2009, Manufacturing dynamics and spillovers: The case of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan (HKMT), Research Policy, 38, 813, 10.1016/j.respol.2008.12.010 Hunt, 1996, The resource-advantage theory of competition: Dynamics, path dependencies, and evoiutionary dimensions, Journal of Marketing, 60, 107, 10.2307/1251905 Irsova, 2013, Determinants of horizontal spillovers from FDI: Evidence from a large meta-Analysis, World Development, 42, 1, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.07.001 Javorcik, 2004, Does foreign direct investment increase the production of domestic firms?: In search of spillovers through backward linkages, American Economic Review, 94, 605, 10.1257/0002828041464605 Javorcik, 2008, To share or not to share: Does local participation matter for spillovers from foreign direct investment?, Journal of Development Economic, 85, 194, 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.08.005 Javorcik, 2011, Does it matter where you come from?: Vertical spillovers from foreign direct investment and the origin of investors, Journal of Development Economic, 96, 126, 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.05.008 Kappen, 2011, Competence-creating overlaps and subsidiary technological evolution in the multinational corporation, Research Policy, 40, 673, 10.1016/j.respol.2011.02.002 Kenney, 2009, Offshoring administrative and technical work: New fields for understanding the global enterprise, Journal of International Business Studies, 40, 887, 10.1057/jibs.2009.22 Kogut, 1992, Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology, Organization Science, 3, 383, 10.1287/orsc.3.3.383 Keller, 2009, Multinational enterprises, international trade, and productivity growth: Firm-level evidence from the United States, Review of Economics and Statistics, 91, 821, 10.1162/rest.91.4.821 Kubny, 2014, Benefitting from Chinese FDI? An assessment of vertical linkages with Vietnamese manufacturing firms, International Business Review, 23, 731, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.11.002 Lakemond, 2006, Coordinating supplier involvement in product development projects: A differentiated coordination typolog, R&D Management, 36, 55, 10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00415.x Lall, 1980, Vertical inter-firm linkages in LDCs: An empirical study, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 42, 203, 10.1111/j.1468-0084.1980.mp42003002.x Lee, 2008, Inter-firm innovation under uncertainty: Empirical evidence for strategic knowledge-partitioning, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 25, 418, 10.1111/j.1540-5885.2008.00312.x Lin, 2007, Multinational firms, exclusivity, and backward linkages, Journal of International Economics, 71, 206, 10.1016/j.jinteco.2006.02.003 Liu, 2007, Innovation performance and channels for international technology spillovers: Evidence from Chinese high-tech industries, Research Policy, 36, 355, 10.1016/j.respol.2006.12.003 Liu, 2009, Do local manufacturing firms benefit from transactional linkages with multinational enterprises in China?, Journal of International Business Studies, 40, 1113, 10.1057/jibs.2008.97 Marcin, 2008, How does FDI inflow affect productivity of domestic firms? The role of horizontal and vertical spillovers, absorptive capacity and competition, The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 17, 155, 10.1080/09638190701728131 Marin, 2010, Heterogeneous MNC subsidiaries and technological spillovers: Explaining positive and negative effects in India, Research Policy, 39, 1227, 10.1016/j.respol.2010.06.001 Merlevede, 2014, FDI spillovers and time since foreign entry, World Development, 56, 108, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.10.022 Miozzo, 2012, Strategy and structure of service multinationals and their impact on linkages with local firms, The Service Industries Journal, 32, 1171, 10.1080/02642069.2012.662492 Motohashi, 2010, Productivity impact of technology spillover from multinationals to local firms: Comparing China's automobile and electronics industries, Research Policy, 39, 790, 10.1016/j.respol.2010.02.014 Narula, 2012, Does FDI cause development?: The ambiguity of the evidence and why it matters, European Journal of Development Research, 24, 1, 10.1057/ejdr.2011.51 O‘Reilly, 2013, Organizational ambidexterity: Past, present and future, The Academy of Management Perspectives, 27, 324, 10.5465/amp.2013.0025 2009 Perri, 2014, Knowledge outflows from foreign subsidiaries and the tension between knowledge creation and knowledge protection: Evidence from the semiconductor industry, International Business Review, 23, 63, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.08.007 Perri, 2013, Balancing the trade-off between learning prospects and spillover risks: MNC subsidiaries’ vertical linkage patterns in developed countries, Journal of World Business, 48, 503, 10.1016/j.jwb.2012.09.006 Rabe-Hesketh, 2009 Roberts, 1999, Product innovation, product–market competition and persistent profitability in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry, Strategic Management Journal, 20, 655, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199907)20:7<655::AID-SMJ44>3.0.CO;2-P Rugman, 2011, Re-conceptualizing Bartlett and Ghoshal's classification of national subsidiary roles in the multinational enterprise, Journal of Management Studies, 48, 253, 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00969.x Rugman, 2008, Korea's multinationals in a regional world, Journal of World Business, 43, 5, 10.1016/j.jwb.2007.10.003 Saliola, 2009, Multinational firms, global value chains and the organization of knowledge transfer, Research Policy, 38, 369, 10.1016/j.respol.2008.11.003 Salomon, 2005, Learning by exporting: New insights from examining firm innovation, Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 14, 431, 10.1111/j.1530-9134.2005.00047.x Sánchez-Sellero, 2014, Absorptive capacity from foreign direct investment in Spanish manufacturing firms, International Business Review, 23, 429, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2013.06.006 Spencer, 2008, The impact of multinational enterprise strategy on indigenous enterprises: Horizontal spillovers and crowding output in developing countries, Academy of Management Review, 33, 341, 10.5465/AMR.2008.31193230 Stoneman, 1994, Technology diffusion and public policy, Economic Journal, 104, 918, 10.2307/2234987 Takeishi, 2002, Knowledge partitioning in the interfirm division of labor, Organization Science, 13, 321, 10.1287/orsc.13.3.321.2779 Tang, 2006, Competition and innovation behaviour, Research Policy, 35, 68, 10.1016/j.respol.2005.08.004 Tian, 2007, Accounting for sources of FDI technology spillovers: Evidence from China, Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 147, 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400245 2005 Uotila, 2009, Exploration, exploitation, and financial performance: Analysis of S&P 500 corporations, Strategic Management Journal, 30, 221, 10.1002/smj.738 Wang, 2013, When does FDI matter? The roles of local institutions and ethnic origins of FDI, International Business Review, 22, 450, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2012.06.003 Yamin, 2011, Subsidiary importance in the MNC: What role does internal embeddedness play?, International Business Review, 20, 151, 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2010.07.005 Yamin, 2009, Revisiting the impact of multinational enterprises on economic development, Journal of World Business, 44, 105, 10.1016/j.jwb.2008.05.010 Yeaple, 2009, Firm heterogeneity and the structure of U.S. multinational activity, Journal of International Economics, 78, 206, 10.1016/j.jinteco.2009.03.002 Zhang, F., Jiang, G., & Cantwell, J. A. (in press). Subsidiary exploration and the innovative performance of large multinational corporations. International Business Review. Zhao, 2006, The effect of supplier's market orientation on manufacturer's trust, Industrial Marketing Management, 35, 10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.04.001