Use and misuse of electroconvulsive treatment

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Influence of an interpolated electroconvulsive shock on retention of memory material, Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand, 36, 83, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1961.tb01759.x Cronholm, 1964, Memory disturbances after electroconvulsive therapy. 5. Conditions one month after a series of treatments, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 40, 212, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1964.tb05748.x Cronholm, 1960, Experimental studies of the therapeutic action of electroconvulsive therapy in endogenous depression, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 145, 69, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1960.tb08351.x Cronholm, 1961, “Countershock” in electroconvulsive therapy. Influence on retrograde amnesia, Arch Gen Psychiatry, 4, 254, 10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710090040005 Cronholm, 1963, Ultrabrief stimulus technique in electroconvulsive therapy. I. Influence on retrograde amnesia of treatments with the Elther ES electroshock apparatus, Siemens Konvulsator III and of lidocaine-modified treatment, J Nerv Ment Dis, 137, 117, 10.1097/00005053-196308000-00002 1970, Acta Psychiatr Scand d'Elia, 1975, Is unilateral ECT less effective than bilateral ECT?, Br J Psychiatry, 126, 83, 10.1192/bjp.126.1.83 d'Elia, 1974, Comparison of fronto-parietal and temporoparietal unilateral electroconvulsive therapy, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 50, 225, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1974.tb08211.x d'Elia, 1976, Comparison of unilateral dominant and non-dominant ECT on verbal and non-verbal memory, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 56, 303, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1977.tb00231.x Erman, 1979, A comparison of two unilateral ECT electrode placements: Efficacy and electrical energy considerations, Am J Psychiatry, 136, 1317, 10.1176/ajp.136.10.1317 Evans, 1976, Electroconvulsive shock increases the behavioural responses of rats to brain 5-hydroxytryptamine accumulation and central nervous system stimulant drugs, Br J Pharmacol, 56, 193, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1976.tb07442.x Fink, 1979 Fishbein, 1949, Involutional melancholia and convulsive therapy, Am J Psychiatry, 106, 128, 10.1176/ajp.106.2.128 Freeman, 1978, Double blind controlled trial of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and stimulated ECT in depressive illness, Lancer, i, 738, 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)90857-7 Gelenberg, 1976, The catatonic syndrome, Lancet, i, 1339, 10.1016/S0140-6736(76)92669-6 Glassman, 1975, Depression, delusions, and drug response, Am J Psychiatry, 132, 716, 10.1176/ajp.132.7.716 Gordon, 1982, Electro-convulsive therapy with minimum hazard, Br J Psychiatry, 141, 12, 10.1192/bjp.141.1.12 Grahame-Smith, 1978, Mechanism of the antidepressant action of electroconvulsive therapy, Lancet, i, 254, 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)90495-6 Green, 1977, Further observations on the effect of repeated electroconvulsive shock on the behavioural responses of rats produced by increases in the functional activity of brain 5-HT and dopamine, Psychopharmacology, 52, 195, 10.1007/BF00439110 Hartelius, 1952, Cerebral changes following electrically induced convulsions. An experimental study on cats, Acta Psychiatr Scand Heshe, 1978, Unilateral and bilateral ECT. A psychiatric and psychological study of therapeutic effect and side effects, Acta Psychiatr Scand Holmberg, 1956, Experiments in the prolongation of convulsions induced by electric shock treatment, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 31, 61, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1956.tb04720.x