BAP1 antagonizes WWP1-mediated transcription factor KLF5 ubiquitination and inhibits autophagy to promote melanoma progression

Cronin, 2018, Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part I: national cancer statistics, Cancer, 124, 2785, 10.1002/cncr.31551 Schadendorf, 2015, Melanoma, Nat Rev Dis Primers, 1, 15003, 10.1038/nrdp.2015.3 Rastrelli, 2014, Melanoma: epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and classification, Vivo, 28, 1005 Schadendorf, 2018, Melanoma, Lancet, 392, 971, 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31559-9 Neila, 2011, Key points in dermoscopy for diagnosis of melanomas, including difficult to diagnose melanomas, on the trunk and extremities, J. Dermatol., 38, 3, 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.01131.x Levy, 2017, Targeting autophagy in cancer, Nat. Rev. Canc., 17, 528, 10.1038/nrc.2017.53 Glick, 2010, Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms, J. Pathol., 221, 3, 10.1002/path.2697 Gozuacik, 2004, Autophagy as a cell death and tumor suppressor mechanism, Oncogene, 23, 2891, 10.1038/sj.onc.1207521 Yousefi, 2009, Autophagy in cancer and chemotherapy, Results Probl. Cell Differ., 49, 183, 10.1007/400_2008_25 Young, 2009, Autophagy mediates the mitotic senescence transition, Genes Dev., 23, 798, 10.1101/gad.519709 Morel, 2017, Autophagy: a druggable process, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 57, 375, 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104936 Liu, 2013, Targeting autophagy as a potential therapeutic approach for melanoma therapy, Semin. Canc. Biol., 23, 352, 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.06.008 Bushweller, 2019, Targeting transcription factors in cancer - from undruggable to reality, Nat. Rev. Canc., 19, 611, 10.1038/s41568-019-0196-7 Dong, 2009, Essential role of KLF5 transcription factor in cell proliferation and differentiation and its implications for human diseases, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 66, 2691, 10.1007/s00018-009-0045-z Jia, 2019, KLF5 downregulation desensitizes castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to docetaxel by increasing BECN1 expression and inducing cell autophagy, Theranostics, 9, 5464, 10.7150/thno.33282 Xu, 2020, Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy for tumor therapy, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 104, 575, 10.1007/s00253-019-10257-8 Zhao, 2012, TAZ antagonizes the WWP1-mediated KLF5 degradation and promotes breast cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, Carcinogenesis, 33, 59, 10.1093/carcin/bgr242 Qin, 2015, BAP1 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by deubiquitinating KLF5, Nat. Commun., 6, 8471, 10.1038/ncomms9471 Chen, 2005, Human Kruppel-like factor 5 is a target of the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1 for proteolysis in epithelial cells, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 41553, 10.1074/jbc.M506183200 Glazer, 2017, Clinical diagnosis of skin cancer: enhancing inspection and early recognition, Dermatol. Clin., 35, 409, 10.1016/j.det.2017.06.001 D'Arcangelo, 2018, WIPI1, BAG1, and PEX3 autophagy-related genes are relevant melanoma markers, Oxid Med Cell Longev, 1471682 Gao, 2015, Targeting Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) for cancer therapy, Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 15, 699, 10.2174/1568026615666150302105052 Chamcheu, 2019, Role and therapeutic targeting of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in skin cancer: a review of current status and future trends on natural and synthetic agents therapy, Cells, 8, 10.3390/cells8080803 Alzahrani, 2019, PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors in cancer: at the bench and bedside, Semin. Canc. Biol., 59, 125, 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.009 Saxton, 2017, mTOR signaling in growth, metabolism, and disease, Cell, 169, 361, 10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.035 Strickland, 2015, Targeting drivers of melanoma with synthetic small molecules and phytochemicals, Canc. Lett., 359, 20, 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.016 Lim, 2019, Bee venom and its peptide component melittin suppress growth and migration of melanoma cells via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, Molecules, 24, 10.3390/molecules24050929 Heras-Sandoval, 2014, The role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the modulation of autophagy and the clearance of protein aggregates in neurodegeneration, Cell. Signal., 26, 2694, 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.08.019 Xue, 2017, Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway promotes autophagy of articular chondrocytes and attenuates inflammatory response in rats with osteoarthritis, Biomed. Pharmacother., 89, 1252, 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.130 Feng, 2018, Effects of Artesunate on chondrocyte proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in rat models with rheumatoid arthritis, Biomed. Pharmacother., 102, 1209, 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.142 Chen, 2006, KLF5 promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through gene regulation and the TSU-Pr1 human bladder cancer cell line, Int. J. Canc., 118, 1346, 10.1002/ijc.21533 Yang, 2008, Kruppel-like factor 5 controls keratinocyte migration via the integrin-linked kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 283, 18812, 10.1074/jbc.M801384200 Chen, 2005, Ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of KLF5 transcription factor in cancer and untransformed epithelial cells, Oncogene, 24, 3319, 10.1038/sj.onc.1208497 Zhi, 2012, WWP1: a versatile ubiquitin E3 ligase in signaling and diseases, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 69, 1425, 10.1007/s00018-011-0871-7 Goto, 2016, Regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligase-1 (WWP1) by microRNA-452 inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion in prostate cancer, Br. J. Canc., 114, 1135, 10.1038/bjc.2016.95 Yeung, 2013, WWP1 E3 ligase targets LATS1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation in breast cancer cells, PloS One, 8, 10.1371/journal.pone.0061027 Sacco, 2010, Emerging roles of deubiquitinases in cancer-associated pathways, IUBMB Life, 62, 140 Fraile, 2012, Deubiquitinases in cancer: new functions and therapeutic options, Oncogene, 31, 2373, 10.1038/onc.2011.443 Goldenberg, 2008, Strategies for the identification of novel inhibitors of deubiquitinating enzymes, Biochem. Soc. Trans., 36, 828, 10.1042/BST0360828 Nicholson, 2007, Deubiquitinating enzymes as novel anticancer targets, Future Oncol., 3, 191, 10.2217/14796694.3.2.191 Sowa, 2009, Defining the human deubiquitinating enzyme interaction landscape, Cell, 138, 389, 10.1016/j.cell.2009.04.042 Nijman, 2005, A genomic and functional inventory of deubiquitinating enzymes, Cell, 123, 773, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.007 Crosas, 2014, Deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitors and their potential in cancer therapy, Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 14, 506, 10.2174/1568009614666140725090620 Yu, 2014, Tumor suppressor and deubiquitinase BAP1 promotes DNA double-strand break repair, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 111, 285, 10.1073/pnas.1309085110 Zarrizi, 2014, Deubiquitination of gamma-tubulin by BAP1 prevents chromosome instability in breast cancer cells, Canc. Res., 74, 6499, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-0221 Ventii, 2008, BRCA1-associated protein-1 is a tumor suppressor that requires deubiquitinating activity and nuclear localization, Canc. Res., 68, 6953, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0365 Carbone, 2013, BAP1 and cancer, Nat. Rev. Canc., 13, 153, 10.1038/nrc3459