Recent progress in template-assisted synthesis of porous carbons for supercapacitors

Advanced Powder Materials - Tập 1 - Trang 100018 - 2022
Changshui Wang1, Bing Yan1, Jiaojiao Zheng1, Li Feng1, Zhenzhao Chen1, Qian Zhang2, Ting Liao1, Jiayun Chen2, Shaohua Jiang1, Cheng Du3, Shuijian He1
1Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
2College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
3Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2 L 3G1, Canada

Tài liệu tham khảo

Liu, 2020, Metal-organic frameworks derived porous carbon, metal oxides and metal sulfides-based compounds for supercapacitors application, Energy Stor. Mater., 26, 1 Salanne, 2016, Efficient storage mechanisms for building better supercapacitors, Nat. Energy, 1, 16070, 10.1038/nenergy.2016.70 Wang, 2020, Metal-organic framework-based materials for hybrid supercapacitor application, Coord. Chem. Rev., 404, 213093, 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213093 Wang, 2017, Latest advances in supercapacitors: From new electrode materials to novel device designs, Chem. Soc. Rev., 46, 6816, 10.1039/C7CS00205J Yan, 2019, Rational design of nanostructured electrode materials toward multifunctional supercapacitors, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 1902564, 10.1002/adfm.201902564 Zheng, 2018, Supercapacitors based on metal coordination materials, Coord. Chem. Rev., 373, 2, 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.07.002 Zhou, 2021, Two-birds-one-stone: multifunctional supercapacitors beyond traditional energy storage, Energy Environ. Sci., 14, 1854, 10.1039/D0EE03167D Cai, 2021, Functional carbon materials processed by NH3 plasma for advanced full-carbon sodium-ion capacitors, Chem. Eng. J., 420, 129647, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129647 Zou, 2021, Revealing dual capacitive mechanism of carbon cathode toward ultrafast quasi-solid-state lithium ion capacitors, J. Energy Chem., 60, 209, 10.1016/j.jechem.2020.12.039 Zou, 2020, Insights into enhanced capacitive behavior of carbon cathode for lithium ion capacitors: The coupling of pore size and graphitization engineering, Nano-Micro Lett., 12, 121, 10.1007/s40820-020-00458-6 Yan, 2020, Salt powder assisted synthesis of nanostructured materials and their electrochemical applications in energy storage devices, Chem. Eng. J., 400, 125895, 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125895 Miao, 2020, Recent advances in carbon-based supercapacitors, Mater. Adv., 1, 945, 10.1039/D0MA00384K Liu, 2019, Block copolymer-based porous carbons for supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 23476, 10.1039/C9TA07770G Zhang, 2018, Nanocasting and direct synthesis strategies for mesoporous carbons as supercapacitor electrodes, Chem. Mater., 30, 7391, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03345 He, 2015, 3D graphene nanomaterials for binder-free supercapacitors: Scientific design for enhanced performance, Nanoscale, 7, 6957, 10.1039/C4NR05895J Yan, 2021, Review on porous carbon materials engineered by ZnO templates: Design, synthesis and capacitance performance, Mater. Des., 201, 109518, 10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109518 Wang, 2021, Pyrolysis of enzymolysis-treated wood: Hierarchically assembled porous carbon electrode for advanced energy storage devices, Adv. Funct. Mater., 31, 2101077, 10.1002/adfm.202101077 Wang, 2021, Phosphorus-doped thick carbon electrode for high-energy density and long-life supercapacitors, Chem. Eng. J., 414, 128767, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128767 Wang, 2016, Carbon materials for high volumetric performance supercapacitors: Design, progress, challenges and opportunities, Energy Environ. Sci., 9, 729, 10.1039/C5EE03109E Jin, 2018, Recent progress in biomass-derived electrode materials for high volumetric performance supercapacitors, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 1801007, 10.1002/aenm.201801007 Borchardt, 2017, Toward a molecular design of porous carbon materials, Mater. Today, 20, 592, 10.1016/j.mattod.2017.06.002 He, 2019, Porous carbon nanosheets: Synthetic strategies and electrochemical energy related applications, Nano Today, 24, 103, 10.1016/j.nantod.2018.12.004 Li, 2016, Mesoporous materials for energy conversion and storage devices, Nat. Rev. Mater., 1, 1, 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.23 Tian, 2020, Porous carbons: Structure-oriented design and versatile applications, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 10.1002/adfm.201909265 Xu, 2018, Tailoring porous carbon spheres for supercapacitors, Nanoscale, 10, 21604, 10.1039/C8NR07560C Zhai, 2011, Carbon materials for chemical capacitive energy storage, Adv. Mater., 23, 4828, 10.1002/adma.201100984 Young, 2018, Advanced functional carbons and their hybrid nanoarchitectures towards supercapacitor applications, ChemSusChem, 11, 3546, 10.1002/cssc.201801525 Yuan, 2021, Recent progress on transition metal oxides as advanced materials for energy conversion and storage, Energy Stor. Mater., 42, 317 Lei, 2021, Recent advances of layered-transition metal oxides for energy-related applications, Energy Stor. Mater., 36, 514 Nguyen, 2019, Metal oxide and hydroxide-based aqueous supercapacitors: From charge storage mechanisms and functional electrode engineering to need-tailored devices, Adv. Sci., 6, 1801797, 10.1002/advs.201801797 Wang, 2019, Synthesis, characterizations, and utilization of oxygen-deficient metal oxides for lithium/sodium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, Coord. Chem. Rev., 397, 138, 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.06.015 Tong, 2016, Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon derived from block copolymer for supercapacitor, Energy Stor. Mater., 3, 140 Wang, 2019, Conductive polymers for stretchable supercapacitors, Nano Res, 12, 1978, 10.1007/s12274-019-2296-9 Wang, 2021, Heterostructural conductive polymer with multi-dimensional carbon materials for capacitive energy storage, Appl. Surf. Sci., 558, 149910, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149910 Shao, 2020, Nanoporous carbon for electrochemical capacitive energy storage, Chem. Soc. Rev., 49, 3005, 10.1039/D0CS00059K Stein, 2009, Functionalization of porous carbon materials with designed pore architecture, Adv. Mater., 21, 265, 10.1002/adma.200801492 Zhu, 2020, Graphitic carbon quantum dots modified nickel cobalt sulfide as cathode materials for alkaline aqueous batteries, Nano-Micro Lett., 12, 16, 10.1007/s40820-019-0355-0 Xie, 2021, Advanced carbon nanomaterials for state-of-the-art flexible supercapacitors, Energy Stor. Mater., 36, 56 Zhang, 2021, Lignin derived porous carbons: Synthesis methods and supercapacitor applications, Small Methods, 5, 2100896, 10.1002/smtd.202100896 Wang, 2021, Wood-derived, conductivity and hierarchical pore integrated thick electrode enabling high areal/volumetric energy density for hybrid capacitors, Small, 17, 2102532, 10.1002/smll.202102532 Yu, 2017, Boosting the energy density of carbon-based aqueous supercapacitors by optimizing the surface charge, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 56, 5454, 10.1002/anie.201701737 Petkovich, 2013, Controlling macro- and mesostructures with hierarchical porosity through combined hard and soft templating, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 3721, 10.1039/C2CS35308C Fang, 2013, Two-dimensional mesoporous carbon nanosheets and their derived graphene nanosheets: Synthesis and efficient lithium ion storage, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 1524, 10.1021/ja310849c Lee, 2006, Recent progress in the synthesis of porous carbon materials, Adv. Mater., 18, 2073, 10.1002/adma.200501576 Wang, 2016, Geometrically confined favourable ion packing for high gravimetric capacitance in carbon–ionic liquid supercapacitors, Energy Environ. Sci., 9, 232, 10.1039/C5EE02702K Herou, 2019, Ordered mesoporous carbons from lignin: A new class of biobased electrodes for supercapacitors, Green Chem, 21, 550, 10.1039/C8GC03497D Xia, 2010, Templated nanoscale porous carbons, Nanoscale, 2, 639, 10.1039/b9nr00207c Zhu, 2019, Hard-template synthesis of three-dimensional interconnected carbon networks: Rational design, hybridization and energy-related applications, Nano Today, 29, 100796, 10.1016/j.nantod.2019.100796 Inagaki, 2016, Templated mesoporous carbons: Synthesis and applications, Carbon, 107, 448, 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.06.003 Nishihara, 2012, Templated nanocarbons for energy storage, Adv. Mater., 24, 4473, 10.1002/adma.201201715 Yin, 2020, Synthesis strategies of porous carbon for supercapacitor applications, Small Methods, 4, 10.1002/smtd.201900853 Lv, 2020, A review on nano-/microstructured materials constructed by electrochemical technologies for supercapacitors, Nano-Micro Lett., 12, 118, 10.1007/s40820-020-00451-z Lu, 2018, Zeolite-templated nanoporous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 10388, 10.1039/C8TA00850G Zhao, 2010, Nano-CaCO3 as template for preparation of disordered large mesoporous carbon with hierarchical porosities, J. Mater. Chem., 20, 976, 10.1039/B911913B Lu, 2018, 3D amorphous carbon with controlled porous and disordered structures as a high-rate anode material for sodium-ion batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 10.1002/aenm.201702434 He, 2017, Morphology engineering of ZnO nanostructures for high performance supercapacitors: enhanced electrochemistry of ZnO nanocones compared to ZnO nanowires, Nanotechnology, 28, 10.1088/1361-6528/aa6bca Benzigar, 2018, Ordered mesoporous C70 with highly crystalline pore walls for energy applications with highly crystalline pore walls for energy applications, Adv. Funct. Mater., 28, 10.1002/adfm.201803701 Chen, 2016, Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres for supercapacitors, J. Mater. Sci., 52, 3153, 10.1007/s10853-016-0604-2 Shi, 2018, NaCl-templated synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon with extremely large specific surface area and improved graphitization degree for high energy density lithium ion capacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 17057, 10.1039/C8TA05853A Estevez, 2017, Hierarchically porous graphitic carbon with simultaneously high surface area and colossal pore volume engineered via ice templating, ACS Nano, 11, 11047, 10.1021/acsnano.7b05085 Shao, 2018, 3D carbon nanocage networks with multiscale pores for high-rate supercapacitors by flower-like template and in-situ coating, Energy Stor. Mater., 13, 57 Tu, 2021, Mesoporous carbon nanomaterials with tunable geometries and porous structures fabricated by a surface-induced assembly strategy, Energy Stor. Mater., 35, 602 Le, 2017, Morphology-controlled MnO2 modified silicon diatoms for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 10856, 10.1039/C6TA11210B Yang, 2017, Carbon modified transition metal oxides/hydroxides nanoarrays toward high-performance flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors, Nano Energy, 41, 408, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.049 Jian, 2021, Enhanced visible light photocatalytic efficiency of La-doped ZnO nanofibers via electrospinning-calcination technology, Adv. Powder Mater. Wang, 2021, Recent advances on carbon substrates supported nonprecious nanoarrays for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, J. Mater. Chem. A Ghysels, 2018, Comment on “Redox-Active oxygen-containing functional groups in activated carbon facilitate microbial reduction of ferrihydrite”, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 4485, 10.1021/acs.est.8b00453 Zhang, 2021, Preparation of hollow mesoporous carbon spheres by pyrolysis-deposition using surfactant as carbon precursor, J. Power Sources, 484, 229274, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229274 Zhang, 2018, In situformation/carbonization of quinone-amine polymers towards hierarchical porous carbon foam with high faradaic activity for energy storage, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 2353, 10.1039/C7TA09644E Zhu, 2018, Nitrogen-doped porous carbon as-mediated by a facile solution combustion synthesis for supercapacitor and oxygen reduction electrocatalyst, Chem. Eng. J., 350, 278, 10.1016/j.cej.2018.06.001 Dai, 2019, Reactive template and confined self-activation strategy: Three-dimensional interconnected hierarchically porous N/O-doped carbon foam for enhanced supercapacitors, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 8, 739, 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b01394 Liu, 2018, Graphene-like porous carbon nanosheets derived from salvia splendens for high-rate performance supercapacitors, J. Power Sources, 397, 1, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.06.100 Wang, 2018, A green and scalable route to yield porous carbon sheets from biomass for supercapacitors with high capacity, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 1244, 10.1039/C7TA07579K Kim, 2020, Scalable green synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon microspheres by spray pyrolysis for high-performance supercapacitors, Chem. Eng. J., 382, 122805, 10.1016/j.cej.2019.122805 Hassan, 2018, Polyaniline-derived metal-free hollow nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres as an efficient electrocatalyst for supercapacitors and oxygen reduction, J. Electroanal. Chem., 829, 157, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.09.051 Kim, 2018, Facile nano-templated CO2 conversion into highly interconnected hierarchical porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes, Carbon, 126, 215, 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.020 Zeng, 2018, Nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbon materials with enhanced performance for supercapacitor, ChemElectroChem, 5, 515, 10.1002/celc.201701021 Han, 2015, Dielectric capacitors with three-dimensional nanoscale interdigital electrodes for energy storage, Sci. Adv., 1, 1500605, 10.1126/sciadv.1500605 Jiang, 2021, In-situ ZnO template preparation of coal tar pitch-based porous carbon-sheet microsphere for supercapacitor, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 602, 721, 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.037 Hwang, 2021, Dual-role of ZnO as a templating and activating agent to derive porous carbon from polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) resin, Chem. Eng. J., 422, 130047, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130047 Kyotani, 2006, Synthesis of various types of nano carbons using the template technique, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 79, 1322, 10.1246/bcsj.79.1322 Wang, 2021, Construction of lattice-confined Co-MCM-48 for boosting sulfite oxidation in wet desulfuration, Chem. Eng. J., 407, 127210, 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127210 Chen, 2010, Carbon dioxide capture using amine-impregnated HMS having textural mesoporosity, Chem. Eng. J., 161, 46, 10.1016/j.cej.2010.04.019 Kim, 2001, A low cost route to hexagonal mesostructured carbon molecular sieves, Chem. Commun., 2418, 10.1039/b107896h Chen, 2017, Asymmetric flasklike hollow carbonaceous nanoparticles fabricated by the synergistic interaction between soft template and biomass, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 2657, 10.1021/jacs.6b10841 Zhou, 2015, Freestanding MnO2 nanoflakes/porous carbon nanofibers for high-performance flexible supercapacitor electrodes, Electrochim. Acta, 161, 427, 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.085 Fuertes, 2004, Synthesis of ordered nanoporous carbons of tunable mesopore size by templating SBA-15 silica materials, Microporous Mesoporous Mater, 67, 273, 10.1016/j.micromeso.2003.11.012 Fuertes, 2003, Template synthesis of mesoporous carbons with a controlled particle size, J. Mater. Chem., 13, 3085, 10.1039/b307373d Zhang, 2016, Surfactant-free assembly of mesoporous carbon hollow spheres with large tunable pore sizes, ACS Nano, 10, 4579, 10.1021/acsnano.6b00723 Wang, 2020, Polymer-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials, Chem. Rev., 120, 9363, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00080 Cunning, 2019, Structure-directing effect of single crystal graphene film on polymer carbonization and graphitization, Mater. Horiz., 6, 796, 10.1039/C8MH01507D Li, 2019, Fluorinated multi-walled carbon nanotubes as cathode materials of lithium and sodium primary batteries: Effect of graphitization of carbon nanotubes, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 7128, 10.1039/C8TA12074A Weingarth, 2014, Graphitization as a universal tool to tailor the potential-dependent capacitance of carbon supercapacitors, Adv. Energy Mater., 4, 1400316, 10.1002/aenm.201400316 Choi, 2020, Porous carbon microspheres with highly graphitized structure for potassium-ion storage, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 577, 48, 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.051 Wang, 2019, Scalable synthesis of holey graphite nanosheets for supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance, Nanoscale Horiz, 4, 526, 10.1039/C8NH00375K An, 2019, Porosity-and graphitization-controlled fabrication of nanoporous Silicon@Carbon for lithium storage and its conjugation with MXene for lithium-metal anode, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 1908721, 10.1002/adfm.201908721 He, 2015, 3D porous and ultralight carbon hybrid nanostructure fabricated from carbon foam covered by monolayer of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for high performance supercapacitors, J. Power Sources, 280, 678, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.159 Gomez-Martin, 2021, Structural evolution in iron-catalyzed graphitization of hard carbons, Chem. Mater., 33, 3087, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04385 Xie, 2021, A long/short-range interconnected carbon with well-defined mesopore for high-energy-density supercapacitors, Nano Res Al Aiti, 2018, On the morphology and structure formation of carbon fibers from polymer precursor systems, Prog. Mater. Sci., 98, 477, 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.07.004 Cai, 2019, The formation of highly ordered graphitic interphase around embedded CNTs controls the mechanics of ultra-strong carbonized nanofibers, Acta Mater, 162, 46, 10.1016/j.actamat.2018.09.047 Liu, 2021, Regulating microstructures of soft carbon anodes by terminations of Ti3C2T MXene toward fast and stable sodium storage, Nano Energy, 87, 106097, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106097 Zhao, 2021, In situ activation graphitization to fabricate hierarchical porous graphitic carbon for supercapacitor, Sci. Rep., 11, 6825, 10.1038/s41598-021-85661-0 Lin, 2015, Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon of extraordinary capacitance for electrochemical energy storage, Science, 350, 1508, 10.1126/science.aab3798 Cheng, 2021, Structure engineering in interconnected porous hollow carbon spheres with superior rate capability for supercapacitors and lithium-sulfur batteries, Chem. Eng. J., 419, 129649, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129649 Du, 2019, Confined-space pyrolysis of polystyrene/polyacrylonitrile for nitrogen-doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres with high supercapacitor performance, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2, 4402, 10.1021/acsaem.9b00578 Yu, 2016, Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped, hierarchical porous carbons with a high surface area: the activation effect of a nano-ZnO template, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4, 16341, 10.1039/C6TA07047G Zhang, 2021, A review of porous carbons produced by template methods for supercapacitor applications, New Carbon Mater, 36, 69, 10.1016/S1872-5805(21)60005-7 He, 2019, High rate-performance supercapacitor based on nitrogen-doped hollow hexagonal carbon nanoprism arrays with ultrathin wall thickness in situ fabricated on carbon cloth, J. Power Sources, 434, 226701, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226701 Liu, 2017, Hierarchical micro/mesoporous carbons synthesized with a ZnO template and petroleum pitch via a solvent-free process for a high-performance supercapacitor, ACS Omega, 2, 2106, 10.1021/acsomega.7b00308 Díez, 2021, Molten salt strategies towards carbon materials for energy storage and conversion, Energy Stor. Mater., 38, 50 Wang, 2016, Large-scale synthesis of highly porous carbon nanosheets for supercapacitor electrodes, J. Alloys Compd., 677, 105, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.232 Zhu, 2015, Soluble salt self-assembly-assisted synthesis of three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon networks for supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3, 22266, 10.1039/C5TA04646G Liu, 2019, Emerging applications of biochar-based materials for energy storage and conversion, Energy Environ. Sci., 12, 1751, 10.1039/C9EE00206E Zhang, 2021, Effect of physiochemical properties in biomass-derived materials caused by different synthesis methods and their electrochemical properties in supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 9, 12521, 10.1039/D1TA00790D Zhang, 2017, Bio-nanotechnology in high-performance supercapacitors, Adv. Energy Mater., 7, 1700592, 10.1002/aenm.201700592 Boorboor Ajdari, 2020, A review on the field patents and recent developments over the application of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in supercapacitors, Coord. Chem. Rev., 422, 213441, 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213441 Wei, 2021, Micro/nano-scaled metal-organic frameworks and their derivatives for energy applications, Adv. Energy Mater., 2003970 Salunkhe, 2016, Nanoarchitectures for metal-organic framework-derived nanoporous carbons toward supercapacitor applications, Acc. Chem. Res., 49, 2796, 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00460 Zou, 2020, A honeycomb-like bulk superstructure of carbon nanosheets for electrocatalysis and energy storage, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 59, 19627, 10.1002/anie.202004737 Yuan Pan, 2018, Core−Shell ZIF-8@zif-67-derived CoP nanoparticle-embedded N-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedron for efficient overall water splitting, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 140, 2610, 10.1021/jacs.7b12420 Liang, 2019, A KCl-assisted pyrolysis strategy to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedra for efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 20310, 10.1039/C9TA07481C Sun, 2018, Metal-organic framework derived honeycomb Co9S8@C composites for high-performance supercapacitors, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 1801080, 10.1002/aenm.201801080 Tang, 2015, Thermal conversion of core−shell metal-organic frameworks: A new method for selectively functionalized nanoporous hybrid carbon, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 1572, 10.1021/ja511539a Gang, 2021, A novel in-situ preparation of N-rich spherical porous carbon as greatly enhanced material for high-performance supercapacitors, Carbon, 171, 62, 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.09.004 Luo, 2021, Synthesis of 3D-interconnected hierarchical porous carbon from heavy fraction of bio-oil using crayfish shell as the biological template for high-performance supercapacitors, Carbon, 173, 910, 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.083 Zhao, 2017, Enabling high-volumetric-energy-density supercapacitors: Designing open, low-tortuosity heteroatom-doped porous carbon-tube bundle electrodes, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 23085, 10.1039/C7TA07010A Liu, 2017, Oxygen and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon nanosheets derived from Perilla frutescens for high volumetric performance supercapacitors, J. Power Sources, 341, 309, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.12.022 Yu, 2018, Self-template and self-activation synthesis of nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon for supercapacitors, J. Power Sources, 405, 132, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.10.033 Zhang, 2018, Robust production of ultrahigh surface area carbon sheets for energy storage, Small, 14, 1800133, 10.1002/smll.201800133 Sevilla, 2018, One-step synthesis of ultra-high surface area nanoporous carbons and their application for electrochemical energy storage, Carbon, 131, 193, 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.02.021 Sevilla, 2013, A general and facile synthesis strategy towards highly porous carbons: Carbonization of organic salts, J. Mater. Chem. A, 1, 13738, 10.1039/c3ta13149a Sevilla, 2014, Direct synthesis of highly porous interconnected carbon nanosheets and their application as high performance supercapacitors, ACS Nano, 8, 5069, 10.1021/nn501124h Hou, 2021, Dual-template endowing N, O co-doped hierarchically porous carbon from potassium citrate with high capacitance and rate capability for supercapacitors, Chem. Eng. J., 417, 129289, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129289 Li, 2011, A self-template strategy for the synthesis of mesoporous carbon nanofibers as advanced supercapacitor electrodes, Adv. Energy Mater., 1, 382, 10.1002/aenm.201000096 Liu, 2017, Revitalizing carbon supercapacitor electrodes with hierarchical porous structures, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 17705, 10.1039/C7TA05646J Xie, 2016, Review of research on template methods in preparation of nanomaterials, J. Nanomater., 2016, 1, 10.1155/2016/2302595 Wei, 2013, A controllable synthesis of rich nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon for CO2 capture and supercapacitors, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 2322, 10.1002/adfm.201202764 Zhao, 2009, Hollow micro/nanomaterials with multilevel interior structures, Adv. Mater., 21, 3621, 10.1002/adma.200803645 Zhang, 2006, An aqueous cooperative assembly route to synthesize ordered mesoporous carbons with controlled structures and morphology, Chem. Mater., 18, 5279, 10.1021/cm061400+ Chu, 2017, Tailored design of bicontinuous gyroid mesoporous carbon and nitrogen-doped carbon from poly(ethylene oxide-b-caprolactone) diblock copolymers, Chem. - Eur. J., 23, 13734, 10.1002/chem.201702360 Wu, 2013, Stable Li-ion battery anodes by in-situ polymerization of conducting hydrogel to conformally coat silicon nanoparticles, Nat. Commun., 4, 1943, 10.1038/ncomms2941 Stein, 2013, Perspective on the influence of interactions between hard and soft templates and precursors on morphology of hierarchically structured porous materials, Chem. Mater., 26, 259, 10.1021/cm402184h Peng, 2019, Pore and heteroatom engineered carbon foams for supercapacitors, Adv. Energy Mater., 9, 1803665, 10.1002/aenm.201803665 Xiong, 2017, A facile template approach to nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon nanospheres from polydopamine for high-performance supercapacitors, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 18242, 10.1039/C7TA05880B Huang, 2018, N-doped porous carbon sheets derived from ZIF-8: Preparation and their electrochemical capacitive properties, J. Electroanal. Chem., 810, 86, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.078 Fang, 2017, Synthesis of uniform discrete cage-like nitrogen-doped hollow porous carbon spheres with tunable direct large mesoporous for ultrahigh supercapacitive performance, Appl. Surf. Sci., 425, 69, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.279 Li, 2020, Fabrication of ordered macro-microporous single-crystalline MOF and its derivative carbon material for supercapacitor, Adv. Energy Mater., 10, 1903750, 10.1002/aenm.201903750 Wang, 2018, Fabrication of monodisperse hollow mesoporous carbon spheres by using “confined nanospace deposition” method for supercapacitor, J. Alloys Compd., 736, 35, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.11.080 Benzigar, 2018, Ordered mesoporous C70 with highly crystalline pore walls for energy applications with highly crystalline pore walls for energy applications, Adv. Funct. Mater., 28, 1803701, 10.1002/adfm.201803701 Liu, 2018, Carbon materials with hierarchical porosity: Effect of template removal strategy and study on their electrochemical properties, Carbon, 130, 680, 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.01.046 Ran, 2021, Green activation of sustainable resources to synthesize nitrogen-doped oxygen-riched porous carbon nanosheets towards high-performance supercapacitor, Chem. Eng. J., 412, 128673, 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128673 Guo, 2017, Facile synthesis of bimodal nanoporous carbons by templating selective Swelling-induced mesoporous block copolymers, Chem. Eng. J., 313, 1295, 10.1016/j.cej.2016.11.028 Meng, 2017, N-doped porous carbon nanofibers/porous silver network hybrid for high-rate supercapacitor electrode, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 30832, 10.1021/acsami.7b08610 Ma, 2016, High-performanced supercapacitor based mesoporous carbon nanofibers with oriented mesopores parallel to axial direction, Chem. Eng. J., 304, 587, 10.1016/j.cej.2016.07.002 Xi, 2018, Highly uniform carbon sheets with orientation-adjustable ordered mesopores, ACS Nano, 12, 5436, 10.1021/acsnano.8b00576 Sun, 2017, Double soft-template synthesis of nitrogen/sulfur-codoped hierarchically porous carbon materials derived from protic ionic liquid for supercapacitor, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 26088, 10.1021/acsami.7b07877