ERA-20C: An Atmospheric Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century

Journal of Climate - Tập 29 Số 11 - Trang 4083-4097 - 2016
Paul Poli1, Hans Hersbach1, Dick Dee1, Paul Berrisford2, A. J. Simmons1, Frédéric Vitart1, Patrick Laloyaux1, David Tan1, Carole Peubey1, Jean‐Noël Thépaut1, Yannick Trémolet1, Elías Hólm1, Massimo Bonavita1, Lars Isaksen1, Michael Fisher1
1European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
2European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, and National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Reading, United Kingdom

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe ECMWF twentieth century reanalysis (ERA-20C; 1900–2010) assimilates surface pressure and marine wind observations. The reanalysis is single-member, and the background errors are spatiotemporally varying, derived from an ensemble. The atmospheric general circulation model uses the same configuration as the control member of the ERA-20CM ensemble, forced by observationally based analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice cover, atmospheric composition changes, and solar forcing. The resulting climate trend estimations resemble ERA-20CM for temperature and the water cycle. The ERA-20C water cycle features stable precipitation minus evaporation global averages and no spurious jumps or trends. The assimilation of observations adds realism on synoptic time scales as compared to ERA-20CM in regions that are sufficiently well observed. Comparing to nighttime ship observations, ERA-20C air temperatures are 1 K colder. Generally, the synoptic quality of the product and the agreement in terms of climate indices with other products improve with the availability of observations. The MJO mean amplitude in ERA-20C is larger than in 20CR version 2c throughout the century, and in agreement with other reanalyses such as JRA-55. A novelty in ERA-20C is the availability of observation feedback information. As shown, this information can help assess the product’s quality on selected time scales and regions.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Climate

Tập 29 Số 11

4083-4097

Thông tin tác giả