A framework to integrate speech based interface for blind web users on the websites of public interest
Tóm tắt
Despite many assistive tools available for browsing the web, blind persons are not able to perform the tasks using internet that are done by persons without such disability. Even the futuristic social networking sites and other websites using the features of web 2.0 indicate a lesser accessible/responsible web. In this paper, we propose a framework, which can be used by the websites of public interest to make their important utilities better accessible and usable to blind web users. The approach is based on providing an alternate access system on the fly using one single website. The framework makes use of existing technologies like JavaScript, available speech APIs etc. and therefore provides a lightweight and robust solution to the accessibility problem. As a case study, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed framework by showing its working on a key functionality of the Indian Railways Reservation Website.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Steinmetz R, Nahrstedt K: Multimedia applications. X media Publishing Series, Springer; 2004.
Enabling Dimensions: Usage of computers and internet by the visually disabled: issues and challenges in the Indian context, findings of a study conducted by enabling dimensions, January 2002, New Delhi. 2002. http://www.enablingdimensions.com/downloads
Freedom Scientific access date 18.02.2012 http://www.freedomscientific.com/ access date 18.02.2012
Harper S, Patel N: Gist summaries for visually disabled surfers. ASSETS’05: Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGCCESS conference on Computers and accessibility, New York, NY, USA, 2005 2005, 90–97.
EMACSPEAK http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/smithsonian/study.html
Zajicek M, Powel C, Reeves C: Web search and orientation with brookestalk. In Proceedings of tech. and Persons with disabilities Conf. 1999. Los Angeles: (CSUN’99); 1999.
Mahmud J, Borodin Y, Ramakrishnan IV: Csurf: A context-driven non-visual web-browser. Proceedings of the International Conference on the World Wide Web (WWW’07), Banff, Alberta, Canada, May 08–12, 2007 2007.
Raman TV: Audio system for technical reading, Ph.D. Thesis. Springer; 1998.
Huang A, Sundaresan N: A semantic transcoding system to adapt web services for users with disabilities. In Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies, November 13–15, 2000, Virginia, ACM-SIGCAPH. Published by ACM; 2000.
Ramakrishnan I, Stent A, Yang A: Hearsay: enabling audio browsing on hypertext content. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on World Wide Web (2004). ACM Press; 2004:80–89.
Media Lab Asia http://medialabasia.in/index.php/shruti-drishti
Screen Access For All (SAFA) access date 18.02.2012 http://punarbhava.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=919&Itemid=291 access date 18.02.2012
Aloud Browse access date 18.02.2012 http://www.browsealoud.com access date 18.02.2012
Bigham J, Prince C, AND Ladner R W4A2008 -Technical, April 21–22, 2008. In WebAnywhere: a screen reader on-the-go. Beijing, China: Co-Located with the 17th International World Wide Web Conference; 2008.
Read Speaker access date 22.09.2013 http://www.readspeaker.com/readspeaker-formreader/ access date 22.09.2013
Verma P, Singh R, Singh A: SICE: an enhanced framework for design and development of speech interfaces on client environment, 2011. Int J Comp Appl (0975 – 8887) 2011, 28: 3.
Internet Macros access date 22.09.2013 http://www.iopus.com/imacros/ access date 22.09.2013
Bigham J, Ladner R: Accessmonkey: a collaborative scripting framework for web users and developers, in W4A2007 technical paper May 07–08, 2007. Banff, Canada: Co-Located with the 16th International World Wide Web Conference; 2007.
WebInsight 2012.http://webinsight.cs.washington.edu/accessibility/ access date 18.02.2012