Recommendations for the use of botulinum toxin type A in the management of cerebral palsy

Gait & Posture - Tập 11 - Trang 67-79 - 2000
H.Kerr Graham1, K.Roger Aoki2, Ilona Autti-Rämö3, Roslyn N Boyd4, Mauricio R Delgado5, Deborah J Gaebler-Spira6, Mark E Gormley7, Barry M Guyer8, Florian Heinen9, Andrew F Holton10, Dennis Matthews11, Guy Molenaers12, Francesco Motta13, Pedro J Garcı́a Ruiz14, Jörg Wissel15
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Flemington Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
2Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA, USA
3Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
4Hugh Williamson Gait Analysis Laboratory, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
5Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA
6Department of Clinical Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, USA
7Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gillette Children’s Hospital, St Paul, MN, USA
8DuoMed Limited, Wokingham, UK
9Department of Neuropaediatrics, Children’s Hospital, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
10Department of Paediatrics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
11Department of Rehabilitation, Denver Children’s Hospital, Denver, CO, USA
12Department of Orthopaedics, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, Pellenberg, Belgium
13Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Ospedale dei Bambini ‘V. Buzzi’, Milan, Italy
14Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Dı́az, Madrid, Spain
15University Clinic for Neurology, Innsbruck, Austria

Tài liệu tham khảo

Forssberg, 1997, Botulinum toxin treatment in cerebral palsy: intervention with poor evaluation?, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 39, 635, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07501.x Ahnert-Hilger, 1995, Molecular aspects of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxin poisoning, Prog. Neurobiol., 46, 83, 10.1016/0301-0082(95)00003-E Blasi, 1993, Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25, Nature, 365, 160, 10.1038/365160a0 Dolly, 1994, Probing the process of transmitter release with botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins, Semin. Neurosci., 6, 149, 10.1006/smns.1994.1020 Borodic, 1994, Histologic assessment of dose-related diffusion and muscle fiber response after therapeutic botulinum A toxin injections, Mov. Disord., 9, 31, 10.1002/mds.870090106 De Paiva, 1999, Functional repair of motor endplates after botulinum neurotoxin type A poisoning: biphasic switch of synaptic activity between nerve sprouts and their parent terminals, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 3200, 10.1073/pnas.96.6.3200 Angaut-Petit, 1990, Terminal sprouting in mouse neuromuscular junctions poisoned with botulinum type A toxin: morphological and electrophysiological features, Neuroscience, 37, 799, 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90109-H Borodic, 1994, Botulinum toxin potency: a mystery resolved by the median paralysis unit, J. R. Soc. Med., 87, 571 First, 1994, Dose standardisation of botulinum toxin, Lancet, 343, 1035, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90153-8 Wohlfarth, 1997, Botulinum A toxins: units versus units, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol., 355, 335, 10.1007/PL00004951 Sampaio, 1997, DYSBOT: a single-blind, randomized parallel study to determine whether any differences can be detected in the efficacy and tolerability of two formulations of botulinum toxin type A — Dysport and BOTOX — assuming a ratio of 4:1, Mov. Disord., 12, 1013, 10.1002/mds.870120627 Cosgrove, 1994, Botulinum toxin A prevents the development of contractures in the hereditary spastic mouse, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 36, 379, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1994.tb11863.x Koman, 1994, Management of spasticity cerebral palsy with botulinum-A toxin: report of a preliminary, randomized, double-blind trial, J. Pediatr. Orthop., 14, 299, 10.1097/01241398-199405000-00005 Corry, 1997, Botulinum toxin A in the hemiplegic upper limb: a double-blind trial, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 39, 185, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07408.x Cosgrove, 1994, Botulinum toxin in the management of the lower limb in cerebral palsy, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 36, 386, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1994.tb11864.x Sutherland, 1996, Injection of botulinum A toxin into the gastrocnemius muscle of patients with cerebral palsy: a 3-dimensional motion analysis study, Gait Posture, 4, 269, 10.1016/0966-6362(95)01054-8 Corry, 1998, Botulinum toxin A compared with stretching casts in the treatment of spastic equinus, a randomised prospective trial, J. Pediatr. Orthop., 18, 304, 10.1097/00004694-199805000-00006 Wiegand, 1976, 125I-labelled botulinum A neurotoxin: pharmacokinetics in cats after intramuscular injection, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol., 292, 161, 10.1007/BF00498587 Wellhöner, 1973, Local tetanus in cats: neuropharmacokinetics of 125I-tetanus toxin, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol., 276, 375, 10.1007/BF00499890 Wellhöner, 1973, Local tetanus in cats: the influence of neuromuscular activity on spinal distribution of 125I-labelled tetanus toxin, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol., 276, 387, 10.1007/BF00499891 Aoki, 1997, Botulinum toxin type A: from toxin to therapeutic agent, Eur. J. Neurol., 4, S1 Boyd, 1996, Transient urinary incontinence after botulinum A toxin, Lancet, 348, 481, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)64586-2 Göschel, 1997, Botulinum A toxin therapy: neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies — therapeutic consequences, Exp. Neurol., 147, 96, 10.1006/exnr.1997.6580 Anderson, 1992, Botulinum toxin treatment of spasmodic torticollis, J. R. Soc. Med., 85, 524, 10.1177/014107689208500906 Biglan, 1986, Absence of antibody production in patients treated with botulinum A toxin, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 101, 232, 10.1016/0002-9394(86)90601-X Brin, 1987, Localized injections of botulinum toxin for the treatment of focal dystonia and hemifacial spasm, Mov. Disord., 2, 237, 10.1002/mds.870020402 Cole R, Cohen L, Hallett M. Local treatment of hand cramps with botulinum toxin (BOTOX). Neurology 1991;41:291 (Abstract). Cole, 1991, Treatment of musicians cramp with botulinum toxin, Med. Probl. Perform. Art, 6, 137 Erbguth F. Botulinum-toxin in cervical dystonia: a three years’ experience. Mov Disord 1992;7:135 (Abstract). Gonnering, 1988, Negative antibody response to long-term treatment of facial spasm with botulinum toxin, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 105, 313, 10.1016/0002-9394(88)90016-5 Greene, 1994, Development of resistance to botulinum toxin type A in patients with torticollis, Mov. Disord., 9, 213, 10.1002/mds.870090216 Jankovic, 1993, Longitudinal experience with botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of blepharospasm and cervical dystonia, Neurology, 43, 834, 10.1212/WNL.43.4.834 Zuber, 1993, Botulinum antibodies in dystonic patients treated with type A botulinum toxin: frequency and significance, Neurology, 43, 1715, 10.1212/WNL.43.9.1715 Borodic G, Pearce B, Duane D, Johnson E. Antibodies to botulinum toxin. Neurology 1995;45:204 (Letter). Aoki KR. Preclinical update on BOTOX® (Botulinum toxin type A) purified neurotoxin complex relative to other botulinum neurotoxin preparations. Eur J Neurol 1999 (in press). Boyd, 1997, Botulinum toxin A in the management of children with cerebral palsy: indications and outcome, Eur. J. Neurol., 4, S15 Heinen, 1997, Interventional neuropediatrics: treatment of dystonic and spastic muscular hyperactivity with botulinum toxin A, Neuropediatrics, 28, 307, 10.1055/s-2007-973721 Heinen, 1995, Dystonic posture of lower extremities associated with myelomeningocele: successful treatment with botulinum A toxin in a six-month-old child, Neuropediatrics, 26, 214, 10.1055/s-2007-979757 Russell, 1989, The gross motor function measure: a means to evaluate the effects of physical therapy, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 31, 341, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04003.x Boyd, 1998, Validity of a clinical measure of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy in a double-blinded randomised controlled clinical trial. American Academy of Cerebral Palsy Portland (AACPDM) [abstract], Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 40, 7 Boyd RN, Graham HK. Objective measurement of clinical findings in the use of botulinum toxin type A for the management of children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Neurol 1999;6(Suppl. 4):523–35. Bohannon, 1987, Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity, Phys. Ther., 67, 206, 10.1093/ptj/67.2.206 Erhardt, 1981, A developmental prehension assessment for handicapped children, Am. J. Occup. Ther., 35, 237, 10.5014/ajot.35.4.237 Trombly, 1995 Mathiowetz, 1985, Box and block test of manual dexterity: norms for 6–19 year olds, Can. J. Occup. Ther., 52, 241, 10.1177/000841748505200505 Wissel, 1999, Botulinum toxin A in the management of spastic gait disorders in children and young adults with cerebral palsy: a randomized, double-blind study of ‘high-dose’ versus ‘low-dose’ treatment, Neuropediatrics, 20, 1 Eames, 1999, The effect of botulinum toxin A on gastrocnemius length: magnitude and duration of response, Dev. Med. Child Neurol., 41, 226, 10.1017/S0012162299000493 Boyd RN, Pliatsios V, Starr R, Wolfe R, Graham HK. Biomechanical transformation of the gastroc-soleus muscle with botulinum toxin A in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2000;42:1–10. Corry IS, Cosgrove AP, Duffy CM, Taylor TC, Graham HK. Botulinum toxin A in hamstring spasticity. Gait Post 1999;10:206–10. Massin, 1999, Role of exercise testing in the functional assessment of cerebral palsy children after botulinum A toxin injection, J. Ped. Orthopaed., 19, 362, 10.1097/01241398-199905000-00015 Sutherland DH, Kaufman KR, Wyatt MD, Chambers HG, Mubarak SJ. Double-blind study of Botulinum Toxin type A injections into the gastrocnemius muscle in patients with cerebral palsy. Gait Post 1999;10:1–9 Boyd RN, Graham JEA, Nattrass GR, Graham HK. Medium term outcome-response characterisation and risk factor analysis of Botulinum Toxin type A in the management of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Neurol 1999;6(Suppl. 4):S37–45.