Routes and stations in the processing of auditory directional information in the CNS of a grasshopper, as revealed by surgical experiments

Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie - Tập 158 - Trang 363-374 - 1986
Bernhard Ronacher1, Dagmar v. Helversen1, Otto v. Helversen1
1Institut für Zoologie II der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen, Germany

Tóm tắt

Male grasshoppers of the acridid speciesChorthippus biguttulus respond to conspecific female song by turning abruptly toward the sound source and then singing themselves. The orienting response requires that (i) the male recognizes the female song and (ii) determines the location of its source. By observing the effects of various forms of surgical interference (cutting connectives, splitting ganglia, destruction of a tympanal organ) on the subsequent behavior, we were able to narrow down the paths of information flow necessary for these abilities and to make an estimate of the contributions of individual ganglia to the evaluation of sound direction.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Altman JS, Kien J (1979) Suboesophagial neurons involved in head movements and feeding in locusts. Proc R Soc London B 205:209–227 Autrum H (1936) Über Lautäußerungen und Schallwahrnehmung bei Arthropoden. Z Vergl Physiol 23:332–373 Bentley DR (1977) Control of cricket song pattern by descending interneurons. J Comp Physiol 116:19–38 Boyan GS (1983) Postembryonic development in the auditory system of the locust. J Comp Physiol 151:499–513 Boyan GS, Altman JS (1985) The suboesophagial ganglion: a ‘missing link’ in the auditory pathway of the locust. J Comp Physiol A 156:413–428 Busnel MC, Burkhardt D (1962) An electrophysiological study of the phonokinetic reaction inLocusta migratoria. Symp Zool Soc London 7:13–44 Elsner N (1969) Kommandofasern im ZNS der HeuschreckeGastrimargus africanus (Oedipodinae). Zool Anz Suppl 33 (Verh Zool Ges) 1969: 465–71 Elsner N (1973) The central nervous control of courtship behaviour in the grasshopperGomphocerus rufus. In: Salanki J (ed) Neurobiology of invertebrates. Tihany, Hung Acad Sci, pp 261–287 Elsner N (1974) Neuroethology of sound production in gomphocerine grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae). I. Song patterns and stridulatory movements. J Comp Physiol 88:67–102 Elsner N (1975) Neuroethology of sound production in gomphocerine grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae). II. Neuromuscular activity underlying stridulation. J Comp Physiol 97:291–322 Elsner N, Huber F (1969) Die Organisation des Werbegesanges der HeuschreckeGomphocerippus rufus in Abhängigkeit von zentralen und peripheren Bedingungen. Z Vergl Physiol 65:389–423 Graham D (1979) Effects of circum-oesophagial lesion on the behaviour of the stick insectCarausius morosus. I. Cyclic behaviour patterns. Biol Cybern 32:139–145 Hedwig B (1984) Activity and deafness of auditory interneurons during stridulation in the grasshopperOmocestus viridulus. Naturwissenschaften 71:380–381 Hedwig B (1985) Untersuchungen zur Kontrolle des Feldheuschreckengesangs durch intersegmentale Neurone. Dissertation, Göttingen 1985 Hedwig B, Elsner N (1980) A neuroethological analysis of sound production in the acridid grasshopperOmocestus viridulus. Adv Physiol Sci 23:495–514 Hedwig B, Elsner N (1985) Sound production and sound detection in a stridulating acridid grasshopper (Omocestus viridulus). In: Kalmring K, Elsner N (eds) Acoustic and vibrational communication in insects. Parey, Hamburg, pp 61–72 Helversen D von (1984) Parallel processing in auditory pattern recognition and directional analysis by the grasshopperChorthippus biguttulus L. (Acrididae). J Comp Physiol A 154:837–846 Helversen D von, Helversen O von (1983) Species recognition and acoustic localization in acridid grasshoppers: A behavioural approach. In: Huber F, Markl H (eds) Neuroethology and behavioral physiology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 95–107 Hoyle G, Burrows M (1973) Neural mechanisms underlying behavior in the locustSchistocerca gregaria. I. Physiology of identified motorneurons in the metathoracic ganglion. J Neurobiol 4:3–41 Huber F (1952) Verhaltensstudien an Männchen der Feldgrille (Gryllus campestris L) nach Eingriffen am ZNS. Verhdl Dtsch Zool Ges Freiburg 1952 (Zool Anz 46): 138–149 Huber F (1955) Sitz und Bedeutung nervöser Zentren für Instinkthandlungen beim Männchen vonGryllus campestris L. Z Tierpsychol 12:12–48 Huber F (1959) Auslösung von Bewegungsmustern durch elektrische Reizung des Oberschlundganglions bei Orthopteren (Saltatoria: Gryllidae, Acridiidae). Zool Anz [Suppl] 23:248–269 Huber F (1960) Untersuchungen über die Funktion des ZNS und insbesondere des Gehirnes bei der Fortbewegung und der Lauterzeugung der Grillen. Z Vergl Physiol 44:60–132 Huber F (1967) Central control of movements and behavior of invertebrates. In: Wiersma CAG (ed) Invertebrate nervous systems. University Chicago press, Chicago, pp 333–351 Kalmring K (1975) The afferent auditory pathway in the ventral cord ofLocusta migratoria. I. Synaptic connectivity and information processing among the auditory neurons of the ventral cord. J Comp Physiol 104:103–141 Kalmring K, Rheinlaender J, Rehbein H (1972a) Akustische Neuronen im Bauchmark der WanderheuschreckeLocusta migratoria. Z Vergl Physiol 76:314–332 Kalmring K, Rheinlaender J, Römer H (1972b) Akustische Neuronen im Bauchmark vonLocusta migratoria: Der Einfluß der Schallrichtung auf die Antwortmuster. J Comp Physiol 80:325–352 Kalmring K, Kühne R, Moysich F (1978) The auditory pathway in the ventral cord of the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria): Response transmission in the axons. J Comp Physiol 126:25–33 Kien J (1980) Mechanisms of motor control by plurisegmental interneurons in locusts. J Comp Physiol 140:303–320 Kien J (1983) The initiation and maintenance of walking in the locust: An alternative to the command concept. Proc R Soc London B 219:137–174 Kien J, Altman JS (1984) Descending interneurones from the brain and suboesophagial ganglia and their role in the control of locust behaviour. J Insect Physiol 30:59–72 Kutsch W, Otto D (1972) Evidence for spontaneous song production independent of head ganglia inGryllus campestris. J Comp Physiol 81:115–119 Loher W, Huber F (1966) Nervous and endocrine control of sexual behaviour in a grasshopper (Gomphocerus rufus L., Acridinae). Symp Soc Exp Biol 20:381–400 Michelsen A (1971) The physiology of the locust ear. III. Acoustic properties of the intact ear. Z Vergl Physiol 71:102–128 Miller LA (1977) Directional hearing in the locustSchistocerca gregaria. J Comp Physiol 119:85–98 Otto D (1967) Untersuchungen zur nervösen Kontrolle des Grillengesanges. Zool Anz [Suppl] 31:585–592 Otto D (1971) Untersuchungen zur zentralnervösen Kontrolle der Lauterzeugung von Grillen. Z Vergl Physiol 74:227–271 Regen J (1914) Untersuchungen über die Stridulation und das Gehör vonThamnotrizon apterus Fab. SB Akad Wiss Wien, Math-naturwiss Kl 123:853–892 Rehbein H (1976) Auditory neurons in the ventral cord of the locust: Morphological and functional properties. J Comp Physiol 110:233–250 Rehbein H, Kalmring K, Römer H (1974) Structure and function of acoustic neurones in the thoracic ventral nerve cord ofLocusta migratoria. J Comp Physiol 95:263–280 Reichert H, Wine JJ (1983) Coordination of lateral giant and non-giant systems in crayfish escape behavior. J Comp Physiol 153:3–15 Robertson RM, Pearson KG (1982) A preparation for the intracellular analysis of neuronal activity during flight in the locust. J Comp Physiol 146:311–320 Robertson RM, Pearson KG (1983) Interneurones in the flight system of the locust: Distribution, connections and resetting properties. J Comp Neurol 215:33–50 Römer H (1985) Anatomical representation of frequency and intensity in the auditory system of Orthoptera. In: Kalmring K, Elsner N (eds) Acoustic and vibrational communication in insects. Parey, Berlin Hamburg, pp 25–32 Römer H, Dronse R (1982) Synaptic mechanisms of monaural and binaural processing in the locust. J Insect Physiol 28:365–370 Römer H, Marquart V (1984) Morphology and physiology of auditory interneurones in the metathoracic ganglion of the locust. J Comp Physiol A 155:249–262 Römer H, Rheinlaender J, Dronse R (1981) Intracellular studies on auditory processing in the metathoracic ganglion of the locust. J Comp Physiol 144:305–312 Wadepuhl M (1983) Control of grasshopper singing behavior by the brain: responses to electrical stimulation. Z Tierpsychol 63:173–200