Genetic divergence of mitochondrial DNA in white char Salvelinus albus and northern Dolly Varden char Salvelinus malma malma
Tóm tắt
Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation was performed in white char Salvelinus albus Glubokovsky and in its putative ancestor species, northern Dolly Varden char Salvelinus malma malma Walbaum. Highly statistically significant differentiation of S. albus and S. m. malma in the areas of sympatric (Kamchatka River basin) and allopatric (Kronotskoe Lake and Kronotskaya River) residence was demonstrated. The mtDNA divergence between S. albus and S. m. malma did not exceed the range of intraspecific variation in the populations of northern Dolly Varden char. At the same time, clusterization pattern of the Salvelinus chars provides hypothesis on the common origin of two allopatric populations of white char. Genealogical analysis of haplotypes indicates that S. albus and S. m. malma currently demonstrate incomplete divergence of mitochondrial lineages. The low nucleotide divergence estimates between S. albus and S. m. malma reflect the short time period since the beginning of the divergence of ancestral lineages. These estimates are determined by ancestral polymorphism and haplotype exchange between the diverged phylogenetic groups as a result of introgressive hybridization.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Avise, J.C., Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species, London: Harvard Univ. Press, 2000.
Viktorovsky, R.M., Mekhanizmy vidoobrazovaniya u gol’tsov Kronotskogo ozera (Speciation Mechanisms in Chars of Kronotskoe Lake), Moscow: Nauka, 1978.
Behnke, R.J., A Systematics Review of the Genus Salvelinus, in Charrs: Salmonid Fishes of the Genus Salvelinus, The Hague: Junk, 1980, pp. 441–480.
Savvaitova, K.A., Arkticheskie gol’tsy (struktura populyatsionnykh sistem, perspektivy khozyaistvennogo ispol’zovaniya) (Arctic Charrs (Structure of Population Systems, Perspectives)), Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1989.
Glubokovsky, M.K., Evolyutsionnaya biologiya lososevykh ryb (Evolutionary Biology of Salmonid Fishes), Moscow: Nauka, 1995.
Osinov, A.G., Evolutionary Relationships between the main Taxa of the Salvelinus alpinus—Salvelinus malma Complex: The Results of Comparison of Allozyme Data Reported by Several Authors, Vopr. Ikhtiol., 2001, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 167–183.
Glubokovsky, M.K., Salvelinus sp. n. from the Kamchatka River Basin, Biol. Morya, 1977, no. 4, pp. 49–56.
Chereshnev, I.A., Volobuev, V.V., Shestakov, A.V., and Frolov, S.V., Lososevidnye ryby Severo-Vostoka Rossii (Salmonids of the Northeast of Russia), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2002.
Reshetnikov, Yu.S., Bogutskaya, N.G., Vasil’eva, E.D., et al., An Annotated Check-List of the Freshwater Fishes of Russia, Vopr. Ikhtiol., 1997, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 723–771.
Efremov, V.V., Electrophoretic Variation in Charr of the Genus Salvelinus (Salmonidae) from the Kamchatka River Basin, in Biologiya gol’tsov Dal’nego Vostoka (Biology of Charr of the Russian Far East), Vladivostok: Dalnevostochnoe Otdelenie Russ. Akad. Nauk, 1991, pp. 94–102.
Oleinik, A.G. and Polyakova, N.E., Genetic Differentiation and Phylogeny of the Family Salmonidae, Genetika (Moscow), 1992, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 141–149.
Osinov, A.G., Northern Form of Asian and North American Salvelinus malma: Allozyme Variation, Genetic Differentiation, and Origin, Vopr. Ikhtiol., 2002, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 664–677.
Salmenkova, E.A., Omelchenko, V.T., Radchenko, O.A., et al., Genetic Divergence of Chars of the Genus Salvelinus from Kronotsky Lake (Kamchatka Peninsula), Russ. J. Genet., 2005, vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 897–906.
Oleinik, A.G. and Polyakova, N.E., Restriction Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome in the Family Salmonidae, Russ. J. Genet., 1994, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 1202–1214.
Salmenkova, E.A., Omelchenko, V.T., Kolesnikov, A.A., and Malinina, T.V., Genetic Differentiation of Charrs in the Russian North and Far East, J. Fish. Biol., 2000, vol. 57,suppl. A, pp. 136–157.
Radchenko, O.A., Salmenkova, E.A., and Omelchenko, V.T., Variation of Cytochrome b Gene in Sympatric Chars from Kronotsky Lake (Kamchatka Oblast), Russ. J. Genet., 2006, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 172–181.
Frolov, S.V., Karyological Differences between Northern Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma malma and White Char Salvelinus albus from the Kamchatka River Basin, Russ. J. Genet., 2001, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 350–357.
Frolov, S.V., Significance of Karyotype Studies for Revealing Relationships among Kamchatka Charrs, in Sokhranenie bioraznoobraziya Kamchatki i prilegayushchikh morei (Biodiversity Conservation of Kamchatka and Adjacent Seas), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: Kamchatskii Nauchno Issledovatelskii Inst. Rybnogo Kh. Okeanographii, 2004, pp. 153–164.
Oleinik, A.G., Skurikhina, L.A., Frolov, S.V., et al., Differences between Two Subspecies of Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, Revealed by RFLP-PCR Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA, Environ. Biol. Fishes, 2004, vol. 69, pp. 449–459.
Oleinik, A.G., Skurikhina, L.A., and Brykov, Vl.A., et al. Differentiation of Dolly Varden Char Salvelinus malma from Asia and North America Inferred from PCR-RFLP Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA, Russ. J. Genet., 2005, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 501–508.
Oleinik, A.G., Skurikhina, L.A., and Brykov, V.A., Divergence of the Salvelinus Species Mitochondrial DNA from Northeastern Asia, Ecol. Freshwater Fish., 2007, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 87–98.
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., and Maniatis, T., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 1989.
Gharrett, A.J., Gray, A.K., and Brykov, V.A., Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Alaskan Coho Salmon, Onchorhynchus kisutch, Fish. Bull., 2001, vol. 99, pp. 528–544.
Nei, M., Analysis of Gene Diversity in Subdivided Populations, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1973, vol. 70, pp. 3321–3323.
Nei, M., Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1987.
McElroy, D., Moran, P., Bermingham, E., and Kornfield, I., REAP: An Integrated Environment for the Manipulation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Restriction Data, J. Heredity, 1992, vol. 83, pp. 153–158.
Schneider, S., Roessli, D., and Excoffier, L., ARLEQUIN, Version 2.000: A Software for Population Genetics Data Analysis, Geneva: Univ. Geneva, 2000.
Roff, D. and Bentzen, P., The Statistical Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms: Chi-Square and the Problem of Small Samples, Mol. Biol. Evol., 1989, vol. 5, pp. 539–545.
Excoffier, L., Smouse, P., and Quattro, J., Analysis of Molecular Variance Inferred from Metric Distances among DNA Haplotypes: Application to Human Mitochondrial DNA Restriction Data, Genetics, 1992, vol. 131, pp. 479–491.
Weir, B.S. and Cockerham, C.C., Estimating F-Statistics for the Analysis of Population Structure, Evolution, 1984, vol. 38, pp. 1358–1370.
Bandelt, H.-J., Foster, P., and Rohl, A., Median-Joining Networks for Inferring Intraspecific Phylogenies, Mol. Biol. Evol., 1999, vol. 16, pp. 37–48.
Nei, M. and Li, W.-H., Mathematical Model for Studying Genetic Variation in Terms of Restriction Endonucleases, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1979, vol. 76, pp. 5269–5273.
Nei, M. and Tajima, F., DNA Polymorphism Detectable by Restriction Endonucleases, Genetics, 1981, vol. 97, pp. 145–163.
Felsenstein, J., Confidence Limits on Phylogenies: An Approach Using Bootstrap, Evolution, 1985, vol. 39, pp. 783–791.
Churikov, D., M. Matsuoka, Luan, X., et al., Assessment of Concordance among Genealogical Reconstructions from Various mtDNA Segments in Three Species of Pacific Salmon (Genus Oncorhynchus), Mol. Ecol., 2001, vol. 10, pp. 2329–2339.
Neigel, J.E and Avise, J.C, Phylogenetic Relationships of Mitochondrial DNA under Various Demographic Models of Speciation, Evolutionary Processes and Theory, Nevo, E. and Karlin, S., Eds., New York: Academic, 1986, pp. 555–562.
Slatkin, M. and Hudson, R.R., Pairwise Comparisons of Mitochondrial DNA Sequences in Stable and Exponentially Growing Populations, Genetics, 1991, vol. 129, pp. 555–562.
Hutchison, D.W. and Templeton, A.R., Correlation of Pairwise Genetic and Geographic Distance Measures: Inferring the Relative Influences of Gene Flow and Drift on the Distribution of Genetic Variability, Evolution, 1999, vol. 53, pp. 1898–1914.
Pavlov, S.D., Repin, M.Yu., and Pivovarov, E.A., Population Diversity of Chars (Genus Salvelinus) from Lake Kronotskoe: Morphobiological Specific Features, in Sokhranenie bioraznoobraziya Kamchatki i prilegayushchikh morei (Biodiversity Conservation of Kamchatka and Adjacent Seas), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: Kamchatskii Nauchno Issledovatelskii Inst. Rybnogo Kh. Okeanographii 2003, pp. 257–260.
Phillips, R.B., Sajdak, S.L., and Domanico, M.J., Relationships among Charrs Based on DNA Sequences, Nordic J. Freshwater Res., 1995, vol. 71, pp. 378–391.