Health-related quality of life measures for women with urinary incontinence: the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and the Urogenital Distress Inventory
Tóm tắt
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a relatively common condition in middle-aged and older women. Traditional measures of symptoms do not adequately capture the impact that UI has on individuals' lives. Further, severe morbidity and mortality are not associated with this condition. Rather, Ul's impact is primarily on the health status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of women. Generic measures of HRQOL inadequately address the impact of the condition on the day-to-day lives of women with UI. The current paper presents data on two new condition-specific instruments designed to assess the HRQOL of UI in women: the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) and the Incontinence Impact Questionaire (IIQ). Used in conjunction with one another, these two measures provide detailed information on how UI affects the lives of women. The measures provide data on the more traditional view of HRQOL by assessing the impact of UI on various activities, roles and emotional states (IIQ), as well as data on the less traditional but critical issue of the degree to which symptoms associated with UI are troubling to women (UDI). Data on the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of these measures demonstrate that they are psychometrically strong. Further, they have been developed for simple, self-administration.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Herzog AR, Fultz NH. Prevalence and incidence of urinary incontinence in community-dwelling populations. J Am Geriatrics Soc 1990; 34: 273–81.
Wyman JF, Harkins SC, Choi SC, Taylor JR, Fantl JA. Psychosocial impact of urinary incontinence in women. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70: 378–81.
Grimby A, Milsom I, Molander U, Wiklund I, Ekelund P. The influence of urinary incontinence on the quality of life of elderly women. Age and Ageing 1993; 22: 82–9.
Hu T. Impact of urinary incontinence on health-care costs. J Am Geriatric Soc 1990; 34: 292–5.
Ashworth PD, Hagan MT. The meaning of incontinence: a qualitative study of non-geriatric urinary incontinence sufferers. J Advanced Nursing 1993; 18: 1415–23.
Lagro-Janssen T, Smits A, Van-Weel C. Urinary incontinence in women and the effects on their lives. Scand Primary Care 1991; 19: 211–6.
Ory M, Wyman J, Yu L. Psychosocial factors in urinary incontinence. Clin Geriatric Med 1986; 2: 657–72.
Shumaker SA, Anderson R, Czajkowski S. Psychological tests and scales. In: B. Spilker ed. Quality of Life Assessments in Clinical Trials. New York: Raven Press, 1990: 95–114.
Berzon R, Shumaker SA. Evaluating health-related quality of life measures for cross-national research. Drug Info 1994; 28: 63–7.
Patrick DL, Deyo R. Generic and disease specific measures in assessing health status and quality of life. Med Care 1989; 27: S217–32.
Stewart AL, Ware JE, eds. Measuring Functioning and Well-being; the Medical Outcomes Study Approach. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1982.
Bergner M, Bobbitt RA, Carter WB. et al. The Sickness Impact Profile: development and final revision of a health status measure. Med Care 1981; 19: 787–805.
Kind P, Carr-Hill R. The Nottingham Health profile: a useful tool for epidemiologists. Social Sci Med 1987; 25: 905–10.
Hunt SM, McKenna S. 1994.
Ware J, Sherbourne CD, Davies AR. Developing and testing the MOS 20-item short-form health survey: a general population application. In: Stewart AL, Ware JE, eds. Measuring Functioning and Well-being: the Medical Outcomes Study Approach. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992: 277–90.
Norton CA. The effects of urinary incontinence in women. Intl Rehabil Med 1982; 4: 9–13.
Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. Mini-mental state—a practical method of grading cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189–198.
Wyman JF, Choi SC, Harkins SW, Wilson M, Fantl JA. The urinary diary in evaluation of incontinent women: a test-retest analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1988; 71: 812–7.
Fantl JA, harkins SW, Wyman JF, Choi SC, Taylor JR. Fluid loss quantitation test in women with urinary incontinence: a test-retest analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 70: 739–43.
SAS Institute. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03. Cary, North Carolina: SAS Institute Inc, 1988.
Anderberg MR. Cluster Analysis for Applications. New York: Academic Press, 1973.
Uebersax JS. CLUSBAS Program for Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. Statlib Internet Software Library, Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.
Joreskog KG, Sorbom D. PRELIS User's Manual. Chicago: Scientific Software Inc., 1988.
Wright JG, Feinstein AR. A comparative contrast of clinometric and psychometric methods for constructing indexes and rating scales. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45(11): 1201–18.
Radloff LS. The CES-D Scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Measures 1977; 1: 385–401.
Sherbourne CD, Stewart AL. The MOS social support survey. Social Sci Med 1991; 32(6): 705–4.
McNair DM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF. EITS Manual for the Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA: Educational Testing Services, 1971.
Uebersax JS, Wyman JF, McClish DK, Shumaker SA, Fantl JA. Short forms for the Incontinence Impact 299 Questionnaire and the Urogenital Distress Inventory. Submitted.