Mucoadhesive, Fluconazole-Loaded Nanogels Complexed with Sulfhydryl-β-cyclodextrin for Oral Thrush Treatment

AAPS PharmSciTech - Tập 24 - Trang 1-13 - 2023
Farwa Muskan Khalid1, Muhammad Ijaz2, Arshad Mahmood3, Muhammad Khurram Waqas1, Talib Hussain1, Mulazim Hussain Asim4, Nadeem Ahmad2, Shumaila Arshad5, Masood Ur Rehman6, Imran Nazir2
1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
2Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
3College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
4College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
5Doctor’s Institute of Health Sciences, Sargodha, Pakistan
6Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ripha International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Tóm tắt

The objective of this study was to generate fluconazole-loaded mucoadhesive nanogels to address the problem of hydrophobicity of fluconazole (FL). An inclusion complex was formulated with sulfhydryl-β-CD (SH-β-CD) followed by nanogels formation by a Schiff base reaction of carbopol 940 (CA-940) and gelatin (GE). For characterization, PXRD, FT-IR analysis, drug content, and phase solubility studies were performed. Similarly, nanogels were assessed for particle size, zeta potential, organoleptic, and spreadability studies. Moreover, drug contents, rheological, in vitro drug permeation, release kinetics, toxicity, and stability studies of nanogels were performed. Furthermore, mucoadhesive characteristics over the buccal mucosal membrane of the goat were evaluated. The nanogels formulated with a higher amount of CA-940 and subsequently loaded with the inclusion complexes of FL showed promising results. PXRD and FT-IR analysis confirmed the physical complexes by displaying a reduction in the intensity of peaks of FL. The average particle size of nanogels was in the range of 257 to 361 nm. The highest drug content of 88% was encapsulated within the FL-SH-β-CD complex. All formulations at 0.5–1% concentration displayed no toxicity to the Caco-2 cell lines. Nanogels loaded with FL-SH-β-CD complexes showed 18-fold improved mucoadhesion on the buccal mucous membrane of the goat when compared to simple nanogels. The in vitro permeation study exhibited significantly enhanced permeation and first-order concentration-dependent drug release was observed. On the bases of these findings, we can conclude that a mucoadhesive nanogel-based drug delivery system can be an ideal therapy for candidiasis.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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