Detecting influenza epidemics using search engine query data

Nature - Tập 457 Số 7232 - Trang 1012-1014 - 2009
Jeremy Ginsberg1, Matthew H. Mohebbi1, Rajan Patel1, Lynnette Brammer2, Mark S. Smolinski1, Larry Brilliant1
1Google Inc. 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway Mountain View California 94043 USA.
2Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA ,

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

World Health Organization. Influenza fact sheet. 〈 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/2003/fs211/en/ 〉 (2003)

World Health Organization. WHO consultation on priority public health interventions before and during an influenza pandemic. 〈 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/consultation/en/ 〉 (2004)

Ferguson, N. M. et al. Strategies for containing an emerging influenza pandemic in Southeast Asia. Nature 437, 209–214 (2005)

Longini, I. M. et al. Containing pandemic influenza at the source. Science 309, 1083–1087 (2005)

Espino, J., Hogan, W. & Wagner, M. Telephone triage: A timely data source for surveillance of influenza-like diseases. AMIA Annu. Symp. Proc. 215–219 (2003)

Magruder, S. Evaluation of over-the-counter pharmaceutical sales as a possible early warning indicator of human disease. Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Digest 24, 349–353 (2003)

Fox, S. Online Health Search 2006. Pew Internet & American Life Project 〈 http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/pip_online_health_2006.pdf 〉 (2006)

Johnson, H. et al. Analysis of Web access logs for surveillance of influenza. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 107, 1202–1206 (2004)

Eysenbach, G. Infodemiology: tracking flu-related searches on the web for syndromic surveillance. AMIA Annu. Symp. Proc. 244–248 (2006)

Polgreen, P. M., Chen, Y., Pennock, D. M. & Forrest, N. D. Using internet searches for influenza surveillance. Clin. Infect. Dis. 47, 1443–1448 (2008)

David, F. The moments of the z and F distributions. Biometrika 36, 394–403 (1949)

Dean, J. & Ghemawat, S. Mapreduce: Simplified data processing on large clusters. Sixth Symp. Oper. Syst. Des. Implement. (2004)