Impact of the Asp299Gly polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 4 (tlr-4) gene on disease course of multiple sclerosis

Agnese, 2002, Human toll-like receptor 4 mutations but not CD14 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of gram-negative infections, J. Infect. Dis., 186, 1522, 10.1086/344893 Arbour, 2000, TLR-4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans, Nat. Genet., 25, 187, 10.1038/76048 Caramalho, 2003, Regulatory T-cells selectively express toll-like receptors and are activated by lipopolysaccharide, J. Exp. Med., 197, 403, 10.1084/jem.20021633 Erridge, 2003, Monocytes heterozygous for the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile mutations in the toll-like receptor 4 gene show no deficit in lipopolysaccharide signalling, J. Exp. Med., 197, 1787, 10.1084/jem.20022078 Hoshino, 1999, Cutting edge: toll-like receptor 4 TLR-4 (TLR-4)-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide: evidence for TLR-4 as the Lps gene product, J. Immunol., 162, 3749, 10.4049/jimmunol.162.7.3749 Kiechl, 2002, Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and atherogenesis, N. Engl. J. Med., 347, 185, 10.1056/NEJMoa012673 Lorenz, 2001, Determination of the TLR-4 genotype using allele-specific PCR, BioTechniques, 3, 22, 10.2144/01311bm01 Lorenz, 2002, Relevance of mutations in the TLR-4 receptor in patients with gram-negative septic shock, Arch. Intern. Med., 162, 1028, 10.1001/archinte.162.9.1028 Medzhitov, 2001, Toll-like receptors and innate immunity, Nat. Rev., Immunol., 1, 135, 10.1038/35100529 Medzhitov, 1997, A human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity, Nature, 388, 394, 10.1038/41131 Okayama, 2002, Simple genotype analysis of the Asp299Gly polymorphism of the toll-like receptor-4 gene that is associated with lipopolysaccharide hyporesponsiveness, J. Clin. Lab. Anal., 16, 56, 10.1002/jcla.2075 Rapp, 1995, Role of bacterial infection in exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 74, 415, 10.1097/00002060-199511000-00004 Reindl, 2003, Mutations in the gene for toll-like receptor 4 and multiple sclerosis, Tissue Antigens, 61, 85, 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.610108.x Rudofsky, 2004, Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes of the TLR-4 gene are associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 27, 179, 10.2337/diacare.27.1.179 Schmitt, 2002, Polymorphisms of TLR-4: rapid genotyping and reduced response to lipopolysaccharide of TLR-4 mutant alleles, Clin. Chem., 48, 1661, 10.1093/clinchem/48.10.1661 Torok, 2004, Polymorphisms of the lipopolysaccharide-signaling complex in inflammatory bowel disease: association of a mutation in the toll-like receptor 4 gene with ulcerative colitis, Clin. Immunol., 112, 85, 10.1016/j.clim.2004.03.002 von Aulock, 2003, Heterozygous toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism does not influence lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine release in human whole blood, J. Infect. Dis., 188, 938, 10.1086/378095