Cognitive Mechanisms in the Avoidance of Painful and Dangerous Thoughts: Elaborating the Assimilation Model
Tóm tắt
The emotional processing of problematicexperiences is a central feature of psychotherapy.Stiles et al. (1990) propose an Assimilation model as ageneric account of such processes. This paper focuses on two aspects of this model: the concepts of“warding off” and “unwantedthoughts” showing how a cognitive scienceperspective can enrich our understanding of them. Wefocus on the ways in which cognitive processes (particularly different sorts ofmemory) mediate between experience and psychopathology.Two classes of problematic experiences that can beavoided or barred from full awareness to varying degrees are distinguished. We refer to this distinctionas the “pain paradigm,” in which experiencesare inaccessible to memory retrieval using verbalmnemonics,versus the “panic paradigm,” inwhich experiences fail to be retrieved or reported because theperson anticipates catastrophic consequences. We discusshow understanding the cognitive origins of thesephenomena promises to allow researchers and therapists to generate new approaches to overcome blocksin therapy.
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