Sprint diagnostic with GPS and inertial sensor fusion
Tóm tắt
The purpose of this research was to develop a wearable, low-cost prototype based on real-time kinematic GPS and a microelectromechanical inertial measurement unit to measure the sprinting velocity of an athlete. The software package RTKLIB was used to calculate the RTK-GPS positions and different Kalman filters were implemented to provide a loosely coupled sensor fusion. With this setup, we performed empirical studies to determine whether the velocities obtained by this novel approach are sufficiently accurate for a performance orientated training. Therefore, field tests for 30- to 400-m sprint distance were conducted with simultaneous measurements with different reference systems, such as a laser device or timing gates. The evaluation revealed a correspondence between prototype and reference systems with distance and timing errors of $$\pm \, 2\,\%$$ and high correlations for the velocities (R = 0.996, P <0.001) for 68 % of the trials. However, for remaining 32 % of the trials no acceptable performance parameters could be obtained due to GPS problems. Overall, the developed prototype showed great potential and might allow closing the gap between the accuracy and flexibility of the established reference systems as soon as its susceptibility to GPS problems is lowered.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Akenhead R, French D, Thompson KG, Hayes PR (2013) The acceleration dependent validity and reliability of 10 Hz GPS. J Sci Med Sport
citation_journal_title=Int J Sports Med; citation_title=Measurement error in estimates of sprint velocity from a laser displacement measurement device; citation_author=N Bezodis, G Trewartha; citation_volume=33; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=439-444; citation_doi=10.1055/s-0031-1301313; citation_id=CR2
Bhatt D, Aggarwal P, Devabhaktuni V, Bhattacharya P (2014) A novel hybrid fusion algorithm to bridge the period of GPS outages using low-cost INS. Expert Syst Appl 41(5)
citation_journal_title=Sports Technol; citation_title=Fusion motion capture: a prototype system using inertial measurement units and GPS for the biomechanical analysis of ski racing; citation_author=M Brodie, A Walmsley, W Page; citation_volume=1; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_pages=17-28; citation_doi=10.1080/19346182.2008.9648447; citation_id=CR4
citation_journal_title=Inf Fusion; citation_title=GPS/IMU data fusion using multisensor Kalman filtering: introduction of contextual aspects; citation_author=F Caron, E Duflos, D Pomorski, P Vanheeghe; citation_volume=7; citation_publication_date=2006; citation_pages=221-230; citation_doi=10.1016/j.inffus.2004.07.002; citation_id=CR5
Castellano J, Casamichana D, Calleja-Gonzlez J, Ostojic SM (2011) Reliability and accuracy of 10 Hz GPS devices for short-distance exercise. J Sports Sci Med
citation_journal_title=Med Sci Sports Exerc; citation_title=Leg power and hopping stiffness: relationship with sprint running performance; citation_author=SM Chelly, C Denis; citation_volume=33; citation_issue=2; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_pages=326-33; citation_doi=10.1097/00005768-200102000-00024; citation_id=CR7
citation_journal_title=J Sci Med Sport; citation_title=Validity and reliability of GPS devices for measuring movement demands of team sports; citation_author=AJ Coutts, R Duffield; citation_volume=13; citation_issue=1; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_pages=133-135; citation_doi=10.1016/j.jsams.2008.09.015; citation_id=CR8
Elisson V, Gaessler G (2014) Low cost relative GNSS positioning with IMU integration. Master’s thesis. Chalmers University of Technology
Faragher R (2012) Understanding the basis of the Kalman Filter via a simple and intuitive derivation. In: IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, pp 128–132
Fusionsport. Timing accuracy: are you up to speed? 2010.
http://www.fusionsport.com/support/product-information/research-tech-specs?download=54:timing-accuracy-research-update
citation_journal_title=Sports Med; citation_title=Sprint running performance monitoring: methodological and practical considerations; citation_author=T Haugen, M Buchheit; citation_volume=41; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_pages=433-521; citation_id=CR12
citation_title=The biomechanics of sports techniques; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_id=CR13; citation_author=JG Hay; citation_publisher=Prentice Hall
Hosseini S-A, Farrokhi M (2009) New steady state Kalman Filter for tracking high maneuvering targets.
http://www.iust.ac.ir/files/ee/pages/maghalat/5.pdf
citation_journal_title=Med Sci Sports Exerc; citation_title=Interaction of step length and step rate during sprint running; citation_author=JP Hunter, RN Marshall, PJ McNair; citation_volume=36; citation_issue=2; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=261-271; citation_doi=10.1249/01.MSS.0000113664.15777.53; citation_id=CR15
Johnston RJ, Watsford ML, Kelly SJ, Pine MJ, Spurrs RW (2012) The validity and reliability of 10 Hz and 15 Hz GPS units for assessing athlete movement demands. J Strength Cond Res
citation_journal_title=Int J Sports Physiol Perform; citation_title=Concurrent validity of GPS for deriving mechanical properties of sprint acceleration; citation_author=R Nagahara, A Botter, E Rejc, M Koido, T Shimizu, P Samozino, J-B Morin; citation_volume=12; citation_issue=1; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_pages=129-132; citation_doi=10.1123/ijspp.2015-0566; citation_id=CR17
Rabbou MA, El-Rabbany A (2014) Tightly coupled integration of GPS-PPP and MEMS-based inertial system using EKF and UKF. FIG Congress 2014
Takasu T (2016) rtklib.
http://www.rtklib.com/rtklib.htm
citation_journal_title=J Biomech; citation_title=Measurement of stride parameters using a wearable GPS and inertial measurement unit; citation_author=H Tan, AM Wilson, J Lowe; citation_volume=41; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_pages=1398-1406; citation_doi=10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.02.021; citation_id=CR20
citation_journal_title=Sensors; citation_title=Implementation and performance of a GPS/INS tightly coupled assisted PLL architecture using MEMS inertial sensors; citation_author=Y Tawk, P Tom, C Botteron, Y Stebler, P-A Farine; citation_volume=14; citation_publication_date=2014; citation_pages=3768-3796; citation_doi=10.3390/s140203768; citation_id=CR21
citation_journal_title=J Sports Sci; citation_title=Validity and reliability of GPS for measuring instantaneous velocity during acceleration, deceleration and constant motion; citation_author=M Varley, I Fairweather, R Aughey; citation_volume=30; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=121-127; citation_doi=10.1080/02640414.2011.627941; citation_id=CR22