Serine/Threonine Kinase MLK4 Determines Mesenchymal Identity in Glioma Stem Cells in an NF-κB-dependent Manner
Sung-Hak Kim1, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan2, Emma Phillips3, Daniel Gallego-Perez4,5,6,7, Amanda Sparks8, David Taylor8, Katherine Ladner9, Takuya Furuta10, Hemragul Sabit10, Rishi Chhipa11, Ju Hwan Cho12, Ahmed Mohyeldin8, Samuel Beck13, Kazuhiko Kurozumi14, Toshihiko Kuroiwa15, Ryoichi Iwata16, Akio Asai16, Jonghwan Kim13, Erik P. Sulman2, Shi-Yuan Cheng17
1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
2Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
3Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
4Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
5Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
6Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
7Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
8Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
9Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
10Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
11Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA
12Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
13Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
14Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
15Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan,
16Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
17The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology & Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Center for Genetic Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA