Mixed stands reduce Abies alba tree-ring sensitivity to summer drought in the Vosges mountains, western Europe

Allen, 2010, A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests, For. Ecol. Manage., 259, 660, 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.001 Aussenac, 2000, Interactions between forest stands and microclimate: Ecophysiological aspects and consequences for silviculture, Ann. For. Sci., 57, 287, 10.1051/forest:2000119 Aussenac, 2002, Ecology and ecophysiology of circum-Mediterranea firs in the context of climate change, Ann. For. Sci., 59, 823, 10.1051/forest:2002080 Battipaglia, 2009, Tree rings indicate different drought resistance of a native (Abies alba Mill.) and a nonnative (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) species co-occurring at a dry site in Southern Italy, For. Ecol. Manage., 257, 820, 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.10.015 Becker, 1989, The role of climate on present and past vitality of silver fir forests in the Vosges mountains of northeastern France, Can. J. For. Res., 19, 1110, 10.1139/x89-168 Bert, 1990, Vitalité actuelle et passée du sapin (Abies alba Mill) dans le Jura. Etude dendroécologique, Ann. For. Sci., 47, 395, 10.1051/forest:19900501 Bertrand, 2011, Changes in plant community composition lag behind climate warming in lowland forests, Nature, 479, 517, 10.1038/nature10548 Bijak, 2008, Various factors influencing the pointer year analysis, Tree Rings Archaeol. Climatol. Ecol., 6, 77 Bolte, 2006, Interspecific competition impacts on the morphology and distribution of fine roots in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), Eur. J. For. Res., 125, 15, 10.1007/s10342-005-0075-5 Bouriaud, 2009, Comparative dendroclimatic study of Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver fir in the Vrancea Range, Eastern Carpathian Mountains, Trees-Struct. Funct., 23, 95, 10.1007/s00468-008-0258-z Brassard, 2011, Differences in fine root productivity between mixed- and single-species stands, Funct. Ecol., 25, 238, 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01769.x Bréda, 1995, Effects of thinning on soil and tree water relations, transpiration and growth in an oak forest (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), Tree Physiol., 15, 295, 10.1093/treephys/15.5.295 Bréda, 2006, Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences, Ann. For. Sci., 63, 625, 10.1051/forest:2006042 Briffa, K.R., Jones, P.D., 1990. Basic chronology statistics and assessment. In: Cook, E.R., Kairiukstis, L.A.E. (Eds.). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 137–152. Bunn, 2010, Statistical and visual crossdating in R using the dplR library, Dendrochronologia, 28, 251, 10.1016/j.dendro.2009.12.001 Cailleret, 2011, Effects of climate on diameter growth of co-occurring Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba along an altitudinal gradient, Trees-Struct. Funct., 25, 265, 10.1007/s00468-010-0503-0 Callaway, 1995, Positive interactions among plants, Bot. Rev., 61, 306, 10.1007/BF02912621 Callaway, 1998, Competition and facilitation on elevation gradients in subalpine forests of the northern Rocky Mountains, USA, Oikos, 82, 561, 10.2307/3546376 Callaway, 2002, Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stress, Nature, 417, 844, 10.1038/nature00812 Carrer, 2010, Contrasting tree-ring growth to climate responses of Abies alba toward the southern limit of its distribution area, Oikos, 119, 1515, 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18293.x Cavard, X., Bergeron, Y., Chenn, H.Y.H., Paré, D., Laganière, J., Brassard, B., 2011. Competition and facilitation between tree species change with stand development. Oikos doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19294, 1-13. Cescatti, 1998, Silvicultural alternatives, competition regime and sensitivity to climate in a European beech forest, For. Ecol. Manage., 102, 213, 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00163-1 Chhin, 2008, Potential effects of climate change on the growth of lodgepole pine across diameter size classes and ecological regions, For. Ecol. Manage., 256, 1692, 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.046 Choler, 2001, Facilitation and competition on gradients in alpine plant communities, Ecology, 82, 3295, 10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[3295:FACOGI]2.0.CO;2 Cook, 1981, The smoothing spline: a new approach to standardizing forest interior tree-ring width series for dendroclimatic studies, Tree-ring Bull., 41, 45 Coomes, 2007, Effects of size, competition and altitude on tree growth, J. Ecol., 95, 1084, 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01280.x Cotillas, 2009, Growth response of mixed mediterranean oak coppices to rainfall reduction Could selective thinning have any influence on it?, For. Ecol. Manage., 258, 1677, 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.033 Cropper, 1979, Tree ring skeleton plotting by computer, Tree-Ring Bullet., 39, 47 Cruiziat, 2002, Hydraulic architecture of trees: main concepts and results, Ann. For. Sci., 59, 723, 10.1051/forest:2002060 del Rio, M., Sterba, H., 2009. Comparing volume growth in pure and mixed stands of Pinus sylvestris and Quercus pyrenaica. Ann. For. Sci. 66, article 502. Desplanque, 1998, Dendroécologie comparée du sapin blanc (Abies alba) et de l’epicéa commun (Picea abies) dans une vallée alpine de France, Can. J. For. Res., 28, 737, 10.1139/x98-025 Doley, 2010, The response of forests to climate change: the role of silviculture in conserving threatened species, Austral. For., 73, 115, 10.1080/00049158.2010.10676317 Filipescu, 2007, Competitive interactions between aspen and white spruce vary with stand age in boreal mixedwoods, For. Ecol. Manage., 247, 175, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.038 Grassi, 2001, Foliar morphological and physiological plasticity in Picea abies and Abies alba saplings along a natural light gradient, Tree Physiol., 21, 959, 10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.959 Gricar, 2008, Seasonal dynamics of phloem and xylem formation in silver fir and Norway spruce as affected by drought, Rus. J. Plant Physiol., 55, 538, 10.1134/S102144370804016X Guehl, 1985, Etude comparée des potentialités hivernales d’assimilation carbonée de trois coniféres de la zone tempérée (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb, Abies alba Mill et Picea excelsa Link), Ann. For. Sci., 42, 23, 10.1051/forest:19850102 Guiot, 1991, The bootstrapped response function, Tree-Ring Bull., 51, 39 Hemery, 2008, Forest management and silvicultural responses to projected climate change impacts on European broadleaved trees and forests, Int. For. Rev., 10, 591 Hooper, 2005, Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge, Ecol. Monogr., 75, 3, 10.1890/04-0922 Ishii, 2010, The role of crown architecture, leaf phenology and photosynthetic activity in promoting complementary use of light among coexisting species in temperate forests, Ecol. Res., 25, 715, 10.1007/s11284-009-0668-4 Jonard, 2011, Sap flux density and stomatal conductance of European beech and common oak trees in pure and mixed stands during the summer drought of 2003, J. Hydrol., 409, 371, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.032 Kelty, 2006, The role of species mixtures in plantation forestry, For. Ecol. Manage., 233, 195, 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.05.011 Kern, 2007, Climate-growth relationship of tree species from a mixed stand of Apuseni Mts. Romania, Dendrochronologia, 24, 109, 10.1016/j.dendro.2006.10.006 Kohler, 2010, Can drought tolerance of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) be increased through thinning ?, Eur. J. Forest Res., 129, 1109, 10.1007/s10342-010-0397-9 Konôpka, 2001, Analysis of interspecific differences in tree root system cardinality, J. For. Sci., 47, 366 Kunstler, 2011, Effects of competition on tree radial-growth vary in importance but not in intensity along climatic gradients. -, J. Ecol., 99, 300, 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01751.x Lebourgeois, 2010, Simulating phenological shifts in French temperate forests under two climatic change scenarios and four driving GCMs, Int. J. Biometeorol., 54, 563, 10.1007/s00484-010-0305-5 Lebourgeois, 2010, Sensitivity of French temperate coniferous forests to climate variability and extreme events (Abies alba, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris), J. Veg. Sci., 21, 364, 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2009.01148.x Lebourgeois, 2012, Instability of climate signal in tree-ring width under Mediterranean mountains: a multi-species analysis, Trees-Struct. Funct., 26, 715, 10.1007/s00468-011-0638-7 Legendre, 1998 Lenoir, 2008, A significant upward shift in plant species optimum elevation during the 20th century, Science, 320, 1768, 10.1126/science.1156831 Leuschner, 2004, In situ measurement of water absorption by fine roots of three temperate trees: species differences and differential activity of superficial and deep roots, Tree Physiol., 24, 1359, 10.1093/treephys/24.12.1359 Levia, 2003, A review and evaluation of stemflow literature in the hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles of forested and agricultural ecosystems, J. Hydrol., 274, 1, 10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00399-2 Linares, 2010, Competition modulates the adaptation capacity of forests to climatic stress: insights from recent growth decline and death in relict stands of the Mediterranean fir Abies pinsapo, J. Ecol., 98, 592, 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01645.x Lindner, 2010, Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems, For. Ecol. Manage., 259, 698, 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023 Macias, 2006, Increasing aridity is enhancing silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) water stress in its south-western distribution limit, Clim. Change, 79, 289, 10.1007/s10584-006-9071-0 Maestre, 2009, Refining the stress-gradient hypothesis for competition and facilitation in plant communities, J. Ecol., 97, 199, 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01476.x Martin-Benito, 2010, Response of climate-growth relationships and water use efficiency to thinning in a Pinus nigra afforestation, For. Ecol. Manage., 259, 967, 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.12.001 Martinez-Vilalta, 2012, Stand- and tree-level determinants of the drought response of Scots pine radial growth, Oecologia, 168, 877, 10.1007/s00442-011-2132-8 Mérian, 2011, Consequences of decreasing the number of cored trees per plot on chronology statistics and climate-growth relationships: a multispecies analysis in a temperate climate, Can. J. For. Res., 41, 2413, 10.1139/x11-149 Mérian, 2011, Size-mediated climate–growth relationships in temperate forests: a multi-species analysis, For. Ecol. Manage., 261, 1382, 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.019 Mérian, P., Pierrat, J.C., Lebourgeois, F., 2012. Effect of sampling effort on the regional chronology statistics and climate–growth relationships estimation. Dendrochronologia. doi: org/10.1016/j.dendro.2012.07.001. Mérian, P., Bert, G.D., Lebourgeois, F., 2013. An approach for quantifying and correcting sample-size-related bias in population estimates of climate-tree growth relationships. Forest Science. doi: org/10.5849/forsci.12-047. Michelot, 2012, Comparing the intra-annual wood formation of three European species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea and Pinus sylvestris) as related to leaf phenology and non-structural carbohydrate dynamics, Tree Physiol., 32, 1033, 10.1093/treephys/tps052 Misson, 2003, Effects of different thinning intensities on drought response in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), For. Ecol. Manage., 183, 47, 10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00098-7 Moisselin, 2002, Les changements climatiques en France au XXème siècle. Etude des longues séries homogénéisées de données de température et de précipitations, La Météorologie, 38, 45, 10.4267/2042/36233 Morin, 2007, Variation in cold hardiness and carbohydrate concentration from dormancy induction to bud burst among provenances of three European oak species, Tree Physiol., 27, 817, 10.1093/treephys/27.6.817 Neuwirth, 2007, Spatial patterns of Central European pointer years from 1901 to 1971, Dendrochronologia, 24, 79, 10.1016/j.dendro.2006.05.004 Nicoll, 2006, Anchorage of coniferous trees in relation to species, soil type, and rooting depth, Can. J. For. Res., 36, 1871, 10.1139/x06-072 Novak, 2010, The effect of different stand density on diameter growth response in Scots pine stands in relation to climate situations, J. For. Sci., 56, 461, 10.17221/14/2010-JFS Paluch, 2012, Effect of local species composition on topsoil properties in mixed stands with silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), Forestry, 85, 413, 10.1093/forestry/cps040 Pasho, 2011, Impacts of drought at different time scales on forest growth across a wide climatic gradient in north-eastern Spain, Agric. For. Meteorol., 151, 1800, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.018 Piedallu, 2012, Soil water balance performs better than climatic water variables in tree species distribution modelling Global, Ecol. Biogeogr. Pinto, 2005, Assessing the nutritional and climatic response of temperate tree species in the Vosges Mountains, Ann. For. Sci., 62, 761, 10.1051/forest:2005068 Pinto, 2007, Changes in environmental controls on the growth of Abies alba Mill. in the Vosges Mountains, north-eastern France, during the 20th century, Global Ecol. Biogeo., 16, 472, 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00310.x Pinto, 2008, Respective importance of ecological conditions and stand composition on Abies alba Mill. dominant height growth, For. Ecol. Manage., 255, 619, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.031 Piotto, 2008, A meta-analysis comparing tree growth in monocultures and mixed plantations, For. Ecol. Manage., 255, 781, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.065 Planton, 2008, Expected impacts of climate change on extreme climate events, C.R. Geosci., 340, 564, 10.1016/j.crte.2008.07.009 Pretzsch, 2010, Comparison between the productivity of pure and mixed stands of Norway spruce and European beech along an ecological gradient, Ann. For. Sci., 67, 712, 10.1051/forest/2010037 Reyer, C., Lasch, P., Mohren, G.M.J., Sterck, F.J., 2010. Inter-specific competition in mixed forests of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and common beech (Fagus sylvatica) under climate change – a model-based analysis. Ann. For. Sci. 67, article 805. Richards, 2010, The influence of mixed tree plantations on the nutrition of individual species: a review, Tree Physiol., 30, 1192, 10.1093/treephys/tpq035 Rolland, 2000, Extreme tree rings in spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) stands in relation to climate, site, and space in the southern French and Italian Alps, Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 32, 1, 10.2307/1552404 Rossi, 2007, Evidence of threshold temperatures for xylogenesis in conifers at high altitudes, Oecologia, 152, 1, 10.1007/s00442-006-0625-7 Schmid, 2001, Vertical distribution and radial growth of coarse roots in pure and mixed stands of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies, Can. J. For. Res., 31, 539, 10.1139/cjfr-31-3-539 Schume, 2004, Soil water depletion and recharge patterns in mixed and pure forest stands of European beech and Norway spruce, J. Hydrol., 289, 258, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.11.036 Schweingruber, 2003, Synopsis and climatological interpretation of Central european tree-ring sequences, Bot. Helv., 2, 125 Thornthwaite, C.W., Mather, J.R., 1955. The Water Balance. Drexel Institute of Climatology Laboratory, Climatology publication 8, 1–104. Tilman, 1999, The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles, Ecology, 80, 1455 Vallet, 2011, Silver fir stand productivity is enhanced when mixed with Norway spruce: evidence based on large-scale inventory data and a generic modelling approach, J. Veg. Sci., 22, 932, 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01288.x Way, 2010, Differential responses to changes in growth temperature between trees from different functional groups and biomes: a review and synthesis of data, Tree Physiol., 30, 669, 10.1093/treephys/tpq015 Wigley, 1984, On the average value of correlated time series, with applications in dendroclimatology and hydrometeorology, J. Climate Appl. Meteorol., 23, 201, 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0201:OTAVOC>2.0.CO;2 Zang, 2012, Dendroclimatic calibration in R: The bootRes package for response and correlation function analysis, Dendrochronologia