Delimitating cryptic species in the Gracilaria domingensis complex (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) using molecular and morphological data

Journal of Phycology - Tập 52 Số 6 - Trang 997-1017 - 2016
Goia de Mattos Lyra1,2, Carlos Frederico D. Gurgel3,4,5,6, Emmanuelle da S. Costa5, Priscila Barreto de Jesus2, Mariana C. Oliveira5, Eurico C. Oliveirã5, Charles C. Davis1, José Marcos de Castro Nunes7
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02138, USA
2Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Botânica Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Av. Transnordestina, s/n Feira de Santana Bahia 44031‐460 Brazil
3Departamento de Botânica CCB Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Brazil
4Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources State Herbarium of South Austrália PO Box 2732 Kent Town South Australia 5071 Austrália
5Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo Rua do Matão 277 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐090 Brazil
6The Environment Institute Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Adelaide DX 650-418 Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
7Laboratório de Algas Marinhas Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal da Bahia Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n Salvador Bahia 40170‐115 Brazil

Tóm tắt

Species in the genus Gracilaria that display conspicuously flattened vegetative morphologies are a taxonomically challenging group of marine benthic red algae. This is a result of their species richness, morphological similarity, and broad phenotypic plasticity. Within this group, the Gracilaria domingensis complex is one of the most common, conspicuous, and morphologically variable species along the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. Previous research has identified that members of this complex belong to two distantly related clades. However, despite this increased phylogentic resolution, species delimitations within each of these clades remain unclear. Our study assessed the species diversity within this difficult complex using morphological and molecular data from three genetic markers (cox1, UPA, and rbcL). We additionally applied six single‐marker species delimitation methods (SDM: ABGD, GMYCs, GMYCm, SPN, bPTP, and PTP) to rbcL, which were largely in agreement regarding species delimitation. These results, combined with our analysis of morphology, indicate that the G. domingensis complex includes seven distinct species, each of which are not all most closely related: G. cervicornis; a ressurected G. ferox; G. apiculata subsp. apiculata; a new species, Gracilaria baiana sp. nov.; G. intermedia subsp. intermedia; G. venezuelensis; and G. domingensis sensu stricto, which includes the later heterotypic synonym, G. yoneshigueana. Our study demonstrates the value of multipronged strategies, including the use of both molecular and morphological approaches, to decipher cryptic species of red algae.

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Journal of Phycology

Tập 52 Số 6

997-1017

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