Micro computed tomography based finite element models for elastic and strength properties of 3D printed glass scaffolds

Acta Mechanica Sinica - Tập 37 Số 2 - Trang 292-306 - 2021
Erica Farina1, Dario Gastaldi1, Francesco Baino2, Enrica Vernè2, Jonathan Massera3, Gissur Örlygsson4, Pasquale Vena1
1Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
2Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
3Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
4Department of Materials, Biotechnology and Energy, Innovation Center Iceland (ICI), Reykjavik, Iceland

Tóm tắt

AbstractIn this study, the mechanical properties of glass scaffolds manufactured by robocasting are investigated through micro computed tomography ($$\mu -CT$$μ-CT) based finite element modeling. The scaffolds are obtained by printing fibers along two perpendicular directions on parallel layers with a$$90^\circ $$90∘tilting between two adjacent layers. A parametric study is first presented with the purpose to assess the effect of the major design parameters on the elastic and strength properties of the scaffold; the mechanical properties of the 3D printed scaffolds are eventually estimated by using the$$\mu -CT$$μ-CTdata with the aim of assessing the effect of defects on the final geometry which are intrinsic in the manufacturing process. The macroscopic elastic modulus and strength of the scaffold are determined by simulating a uniaxial compressive test along the direction which is perpendicular to the layers of the printed fibers. An iterative approach has been used in order to determine the scaffold strength. A partial validation of the computational model has been obtained through comparison of the computed results with experimental values presented in [10] on a ceramic scaffold having the same geometry. All the results have been presented as non-dimensional values. The finite element analyses have shown which of the selected design parameters have the major effect on the stiffness and strength, being the porosity and fiber shifting between adjacent layers the most important ones. The analyses carried out on the basis of the$$\mu -CT$$μ-CTdata have shown elastic modulus and strength which are consistent with that found on ideal geometry at similar macroscopic porosity.Graphic AbstractIn this work, elastic and strength properties of glass-ceramic Bone Tissue Engineering scaffolds manufactured by robocasting are investigated through micro-CT based finite element models. An incremental simulation using a multi-grid finite element solver has been implemented to perform a parametric study on the effect of the major geometrical parameters of the scaffold design as well as the effect. Eventually, the effect of the geometrical imperfections deriving from the 3D printing process has been investigated by means of micro-CT image-based models. The porosity and the shifting between adjacent layers play the dominant role in determing elasticity and strength of the scaffolds. The elastic and strength properties of 3D-printed real scaffold were assessed to be consistent those obtained from the idealized geometric models, at least for the subdomain used in this study.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Roseti, L., Parisi, V., Petretta, M., et al. Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: state of the art and new perspectives. Materials Science and Engineering: C 78, 1246–1262 (2017)

Stevens, M.M.: Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Materials today 11(5), 18–25 (2008)

Baino, F., Fiume, E.: 3D printing of hierarchical scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (mbgs)fundamentals and applications. Materials 13(7), 1688 (2020)

Ma, H., Feng, C., Chang, J., et al. 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds: From bone tissue engineering to tumor therapy. Acta biomaterialia 79, 37–59 (2018)

Zhang, X.Y., Fang, G., Zhou, J.: Additively manufactured scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and the prediction of their mechanical behavior: A review. Materials 10(1), 50 (2017)

Entezari, A., Roohani-Esfahani, S.I., Zhang, Z., et al. Fracture behaviors of ceramic tissue scaffolds for load bearing applications. Scientific Reports 6, 28816 (2016)

Fu, Q., Saiz, E., Rahaman, M., et al. Bioactive glass scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: State of the art and future perspectives. Materials Science and Engineering C 31(7), 1245–1256 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2011.04.022

Baino, F., Barberi, J., Fiume, E., et al. Robocasting of bioactive SIO2-P2O5-CAO-MGO-NA2O-K2O glass scaffolds. Journal of healthcare engineering 2019 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5153136

Baino, F., Caddeo, S., Novajra, G., et al. Using porous bioceramic scaffolds to model healthy and osteoporotic bone. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 1(1), 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.01.011

Barberi, J., Nommeots-Nomm, A., Fiume, E., et al. Mechanical characterization of pore-graded bioactive glass scaffolds produced by robocasting. Biomedical Glasses 5(1), 140–147 (2019)

Ritchie, R.O.: The conflicts between strength and toughness. Nature materials 10, 817–822 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3115

Meyer, U., Runte, C., Dirksen, D., et al. Image-based biomimetric approach to design and fabrication of tissue engineered bone. International Congress Series 1256(C), 726–732 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5131(03)00522-3

Chen, Q., Baino, F., Spriano, S., et al. Modelling of the strength-porosity relationship in glass-ceramic foam scaffolds for bone repair. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 34(11), 2663–2673 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2013.11.041

van Rietbergen, B., Weinans, H., Huiskes, R., et al. A new method to determine trabecular bone elastic properties and loading using micromechanical finite-element models. Journal of Biomechanics 28(1), 69–81 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)80008-5

Jaecques, S., Van Oosterwyck, H., Muraru, L., et al. Individualised, micro ct-based finite element modelling as a tool for biomechanical analysis related to tissue engineering of bone. Biomaterials 25(9), 1683–1696 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00516-7

Scheiner, S., Sinibaldi, R., Pichler, B., et al. Micromechanics of bone tissue-engineering scaffolds, based on resolution error-cleared computer tomography. Biomaterials 30(12), 2411–2419 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.048. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014296120801051X

Van Cleynenbreugel, T., Schrooten, J., Van Oosterwyck, H., et al. Micro-ct-based screening of biomechanical and structural properties of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Medical & biological engineering & computing 44, 517–525 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-006-0071-z

Miranda, P., Pajares, A., Guiberteau, F.: Finite element modeling as a tool for predicting the fracture behavior of robocast scaffolds. Acta Biomaterialia 4(6), 1715–1724 (2008)

Mos, N., Dolbow, J., Belytschko, T.: A finite element method for crack growth without remeshing. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 46(1), 131–150 (1999)

Barberi, J., Baino, F., Fiume, E., et al. Robocasting of sio2-based bioactive glass scaffolds with porosity gradient for bone regeneration and potential load-bearing applications. Materials 12(17), 2691 (2019)

Nommeots-Nomm, A., Lee, P.D., Jones, J.R.: Direct ink writing of highly bioactive glasses. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 38(3), 837–844 (2018)

Beyerer, J., Leon, F.P.: Die radontransformation in der digitalen bildverarbeitung. Automatisierungstechnik 50(10), 472–480 (2002)

Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., et al.: Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nature methods 9(7), 676–682 (2012)

Flaig, C.: A highly scalable memory efficient multigrid solver for -finiteelement analyses. [PhD thesis], ETH, Zurich (2012)

Shahgholi, M., Oliviero, S., Baino, F., et al. Mechanical characterization of glass-ceramic scaffolds at multiple characteristic lengths through nanoindentation. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 36(9), 2403–2409 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.01.042. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955221916300425

Weinans, H., Natarajan, R., van Rietbergen, B.: Adaptive bone-remodeling simulations using voxel oriented finite element models. vol. 28, pp. 265–266 (1994). https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028750393&partnerID=40&md5=24384e30912905dc1c0b90c7bb865d38, cited By 1

Gibson, L., Ashby, M.: Cellular solids: Structure and Properties, second edition (2014). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139878326

Gibson, L.J.: Biomechanics of cellular solids. Journal of biomechanics 38(3), 377–399 (2005)

Donaldson, F., Ruffoni, D., Schneider, P., et al. Modeling microdamage behavior of cortical bone. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 13(6), 1227–1242 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-014-0568-6

Baant, Z., Cedolin, L.: Stability of structures: Elastic, inelastic, fracture and damage theories. World Scientific (2010). https://doi.org/10.1142/7828

Zienkiewicz, O., Zhu, J.: A simple error estimator and adaptive procedure for practical engineerng analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24(2), 337–357 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240206

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Acta Mechanica Sinica

Tập 37 Số 2

292-306

Thông tin tác giả