Echinoderm Eggs and Embryos: Procurement and Culture

Methods in Cell Biology - Tập 74 - Trang 39-74 - 2004
Kathy R. Foltz1, Nikki L. Adams2, Linda L. Runft1
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA
2Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, California 93407 USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

Angerer, 2000, Animal–vegetal axis patterning mechanisms in the early sea urchin embryo, Dev. Biol, 218, 1, 10.1006/dbio.1999.9553 Angerer, 2003, Patterning the sea urchin embryo: Gene regulatory networks, signaling pathways, and cellular interactions, Curr. Top. Dev. Biol, 53, 159, 10.1016/S0070-2153(03)53005-8 Boveri, 1889, Ein geschlechtich erzeugter Organismus ohne mütterliche Eigenschaften. Sitz. Ges. Morph. Phys. München 5. Translated by T. H. Morgan 1893. An organism produced sexually without characteristics of the mother, Am. Nat, 27, 222, 10.1086/275686 Brandhorst, 2001, Skeletogenesis in sea urchin interordinal embryos, Cell Tissue Res, 305, 159, 10.1007/s004410100381 Brandhorst, 1991, Restricted expression of the Lytechinus pictus Spec 1 gene homologue in reciprocal hybrid embryos with Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Dev. Biol, 144, 405, 10.1016/0012-1606(91)90432-3 Brusca, 1990 Byrne, 2000, Vestigal ophiopluteal structures in the lecithotrophic larvae of Ophionereis schayeri, Biol. Bull, 198, 379, 10.2307/1542693 Byrne, 2002, Phylum Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea, 483 Chen, 1975, Morphology and biochemistry of diploid and androgenetic (merogonic) hybrids, 424 Chia, 1991, Echinodermata: Asteroidea, Vol. VI, 301 Coffman, 2000, Large-scale culture and preparation of sea urchin embryos for isolation of transcriptional regulatory proteins, Vol. 1, 17 Conlon, 1987, Post-transcriptional restriction of gene expression in sea urchin interspecies hybrid embryos, Genes Dev, 1, 337, 10.1101/gad.1.4.337 Crain, 1983, Transcripts of paternal and maternal actin gene alleles are present in interspecific sea urchin embryo hybrids, Dev. Biol, 100, 190, 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90210-5 Darszon, 1996, Ion channels: Key elements in gamete signaling, Curr. Top. Dev. Biol, 34, 117, 10.1016/S0070-2153(08)60710-3 Ettensohn, 1999, Cell movements in the sea urchin embryo, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev, 9, 461, 10.1016/S0959-437X(99)80070-7 Ettensohn, 2000, Patterning the early sea urchin embryo, Curr. Top. Dev. Biol, 50, 1, 10.1016/S0070-2153(00)50002-7 Fenaux, 1970, Maturation of the gonads and seasonal cycle of the planktonic larvae of the ophiuroid Amphiura chiajei Forbes, Biol. Bull, 138, 262, 10.2307/1540211 Giese, 1991, Vol. VI Giudice, 1973, Hybrids, 469 Hendler, 1975, Adaptational significance of the patterns of ophiuroid development, Am. Zool, 15, 691, 10.1093/icb/15.3.691 Hendler, 1977, Development of Amphioplus abditus (Verrill) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). I. Larval Biology, Biol. Bull, 152, 51, 10.2307/1540726 Hendler, 1991, Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea, Vol. VI, 355 Hoegh-Guldberg, 1995, Coulometric measurement of oxygen consumption during development of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae, J. Exp. Biol, 198, 19, 10.1242/jeb.198.1.19 Holland, 1979, Electron microscope study of the cortical reaction of an ophiuroid echinoderm, Tiss. Cell, 11, 445, 10.1016/0040-8166(79)90055-7 Hyman, 1955, Vol. IV, 763 Jaffe, 1980, Electrical polyspermy block in sea urchins: Nicotine and low sodium experiments, Dev. Growth Differ, 22, 503, 10.1111/j.1440-169X.1980.00503.x Jaffe, 2001, Ca2+ signalling during fertilization of echinoderm eggs, Semin. Cell Dev. Biol, 12, 45, 10.1006/scdb.2000.0216 Kanatani, 1969, Isolation and identification of meiosis inducing substance in starfish Asterias amurensis, Nature, 221, 273, 10.1038/221273a0 Keller, 1999, 114 Kishimoto, 1998, Cell cycle arrest and release in starfish oocytes and eggs, Sem. Cell Dev. Biol, 9, 549, 10.1006/scdb.1998.0249 Leahy, 1986, Laboratory culture of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus adults, embryos, and larvae, Vol. 27, 1 Lessios, 1990, Gametic incompatibility between species of the sea urchin Echinometra on the two sides of the Isthmus of Panama, Evolution, 44, 933, 10.2307/2409556 Levitan, 1991, Kinetics of fertilization in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus: Interaction of gamete dilution, age, and contact time, Biol. Bull, 191, 371, 10.2307/1542357 Lowe, 2002, Gene expression and larval evolution: Changing roles of distal-less and orthodenticle in echinoderm larvae, Evol. Dev, 4, 111, 10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.01066.x Lowe, 2000, Rearing larvae of sea urchins and sea stars for developmental studies, Vol. 1, 9 Lutz, 1986, Techniques for observing living gametes and embryos, Vol. 27, 89 McEdward, 1992, Morphology and development of a unique type of pelagic larva in the starfish Pteraster tesselatus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea), Biol. Bull, 182, 177, 10.2307/1542111 1995 McEdward, 2001, Larval and life-cycle patterns in echinoderms, Can. Journ. Zool, 79, 1125, 10.1139/z00-218 McEuen, 1987, Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea, 574 Mladenov, 1983, Asexual reproduction in the West Indian britle star Ophiocomella ophiactoides (H. L. Clark) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol, 72, 1, 10.1016/0022-0981(83)90016-3 Mladenov, 1984, Divide and broadcast: Sexual reproduction in the West Indian britle star Ophiocomella ophiactoides and its relationship to fissiparity, Mar. Biol, 81, 273, 10.1007/BF00393221 Monroy, 1986, A centennial debt of developmental biology to the sea urchin, Biol. Bull, 171, 509, 10.2307/1541620 Moore, 1943, Maternal and paternal inheritance in the plutei of hybrids of the sea urchins S. purpuratus and S. franciscanus, J. Exp. Zool, 94, 211, 10.1002/jez.1400940204 Osani, 1982, Cross fertilization between sea urchin eggs and oyster spermatozoa, Gamete Res, 5, 49, 10.1002/mrd.1120050106 Palumbi, 1992, Marine speciation on a small planet, Trends Ecol. Evol, 7, 114, 10.1016/0169-5347(92)90144-Z Palumbi, 1996, What can molecular genetics contribute to marine biogeography? An urchin's tale, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol, 203, 75, 10.1016/0022-0981(96)02571-3 Palumbi, 1997, Speciation and population genetic structure in tropical Pacific sea urchins, Evolution, 51, 1506, 10.2307/2411203 Palumbi, 1991, Strong reproductive isolation between closely related tropical sea urchins (genus Echinometra), Mol. Biol. Evol, 8, 227 Pearse, 1991, Echinodermata: Echinoidea, Vol. VI, 513 Raff, 1999, A novel ontogenetic pathway in hybrid embryos between species with different modes of development, Development, 126, 1937, 10.1242/dev.126.9.1937 Rahman, 2001, Hybrids of two closely related tropical sea urchins (genus Echinometra): Evidence against postzygotic isolating mechanisms, Biol. Bull, 200, 97, 10.2307/1543303 Ramofafia, 1997, Growth of juvenile Actinopyga mauritiana (Holothuroidea) in captivity, Aquaculture, 152, 119, 10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01525-6 Ricketts, 1985, 652 Runft, 2002, Egg activation at fertilization: Where it all begins, Dev. Biol, 245, 237, 10.1006/dbio.2002.0600 Sasaki, 2001, Fertilization blocks apoptosis of starfish by inactivation of the MAP kinase pathway, Dev. Biol, 237, 18, 10.1006/dbio.2001.0337 Schoenwolf, 1995, Embryology of the sea urchin, 125 Schroeder, 1979, Oocyte-follicle cell relationships in a starfish, Cell Tissue Res, 203, 249, 10.1007/BF00237239 Schroeder, 1981, Microfilament-mediated surface change in starfish oocytes in response to 1-methyladenine: Implications for identifying the pathway and receptor sites for maturation-inducing hormone, J. Cell Biol, 90, 362, 10.1083/jcb.90.2.362 Schuel, 1981, A rapid, sodium-dependent block to polyspermy in sea urchin eggs, Dev. Biol, 87, 249, 10.1016/0012-1606(81)90148-2 Selvakumaraswamy, 1995, Reproductive cycle of two populations of Ophionereis schayeri (Ophiuroidea) in New South Wales, Mar. Biol, 124, 85, 10.1007/BF00349150 Selvakumaraswamy, 2000, Reproduction, spawning, and development of 5 ophiuroids from Australia and New Zealand, Invert. Biol, 119, 394, 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2000.tb00109.x Smiley, 1988, The dynamics of oogenesis in Stichopus californicus and its annual ovarian cycle, Biol. Bull, 175, 79, 10.2307/1541895 Smiley, 1991, Echinodermata: Holothuroidea, Vol. VI, 663 Starr, 1990, Direct coupling of marine invertebrate spawning with phytoplankton blooms, Science, 247, 1071, 10.1126/science.247.4946.1071 Strathmann, 1987 Strathmann, 1987, Phylum Echinodermata, class Echinoidea, 511 Strathmann, 1987, Phylum Echinodermata, Class Asteroidea, 535 Strathmann, 1987, Phylum Echinodermata, Class Ophiuroidea, 556 Strathmann, 1981, On barriers to hybridization between Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (O.F. Müller) and S. pallidus (G. O. Sars), J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol, 55, 39, 10.1016/0022-0981(81)90091-5 Strathmann, 1969, Increased germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes of the sea cucumber Parastichopus californicus induced by starfish radial nerve extract, Exp. Cell Res, 54, 127, 10.1016/0014-4827(69)90302-4 Stricker, 1999, Comparative biology of calcium signaling during fertilization and egg activation in animals, Dev. Biol, 211, 157, 10.1006/dbio.1999.9340 Summers, 1975, Species-specificity of acrosome reaction and primary gamete binding in echinoids, Exp. Cell Res, 96, 63, 10.1016/S0014-4827(75)80037-1 Tufaro, 1982, Restricted expression of paternal genes in sea urchin interspecific hybrids, Dev. Biol, 92, 209, 10.1016/0012-1606(82)90165-8 Uehara, 1990, Fertilization blockage and hybridization among species of sea urchins, 305 Vacquier, 1986, Activation of sea urchin spermatozoa during fertilization, Trends Biochem. Sci, 11, 77, 10.1016/0968-0004(86)90270-7 Vacquier, 1997, The fucose sulfate polymer of egg jelly binds to sperm REJ and is the inducer of the sea urchin sperm acrosome reaction, Dev. Biol, 192, 125, 10.1006/dbio.1997.8729 Vacquier, 1995, What have we learned about sea urchin sperm binding?, Develop. Growth Differ, 37, 1, 10.1046/j.1440-169X.1995.00001.x Vilela-Silva, 1999, Structure of the sulfated α-L-fucan from the egg jelly coat of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus: Patterns of preferential 2-O- and 4-O-sulfation determine sperm cell recognition, Glycobiol, 9, 927, 10.1093/glycob/9.9.927 Vilela-Silva, 2002, Sulfated fucans from the egg jellies of the closely related sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and Strongylocentrotus pallidus ensure species-specific fertilization, J. Biol. Chem, 277, 379, 10.1074/jbc.M108496200 Wray, 2000, The evolution of embryonic patterning mechanisms in animals, Sem. Cell Dev. Biol, 11, 385, 10.1006/scdb.2000.0191 Yamashita, 1985, Embryonic development of the brittle-star Amphipholis kochii in laboratory culture, Biol. Bull, 169, 131, 10.2307/1541393 Yuce, 2001, Postmeiotic unfertilized starfish eggs die by apoptosis, Dev. Biol, 237, 29, 10.1006/dbio.2001.0361