Exercise and children's cognition: The role of exercise characteristics and a place for metacognition

Garber, 2011, American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 43, 1334, 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb Fedewa, 2011, The effects of physical activity and physical fitness on children's achievement and cognitive outcomes: a meta-analysis, Res Q Exerc Sport, 82, 521, 10.1080/02701367.2011.10599785 Sibley, 2003, The relationship between physical activity and cognition in children: a meta-analysis, Pediatr Exerc Sci, 15, 243, 10.1123/pes.15.3.243 Tomporowski, 2008, Exercise and children's intelligence, cognition, and academic achievement, Educ Psychol Rev, 20, 111 Tomporowski, 2012, Exercise psychology and children's intelligence, 409 Howie, 2012, Physical activity and academic achievement in children: a historical perspective, J Sport Health Sci, 1, 160, 10.1016/j.jshs.2012.09.003 Pesce, 2009, An integrated approach to the effect of acute and chronic exercise on cognition: the linked role of individual and task constraints, 213 Hertzog, 2008, Enrichment effects on adult cognitive development, Psychol Sci Public Interest, 9, 1, 10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x Pesce, 2012, Shifting the focus from quantitative to qualitative exercise characteristics in exercise and cognition research, J Sport Exer Psy, 34, 766, 10.1123/jsep.34.6.766 Mahatmya, 2012, Engagement across developmental periods, p.45 Lezak, 2004 Yerkes, 1908, The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation, J Compar Neur Psychol, 18, 459, 10.1002/cne.920180503 Gabbard, 1979, Effects of physical activity on mathematical computation among young children, J Psychol, 103, 287 McNaughten, 1993, Physical exertion and the immediate mental performance of sixth-grade children, Percept Mot Skills, 77, 1155, 10.2466/pms.1993.77.3f.1155 Tine, 2012, Acute aerobic exercise impacts selective attention: an exceptional boost in lower-income children, Edu Psych An Int J Exper Edul Psychol, 32, 821 Raviv, 1990, Influences of physical activity on concentration among junior and high-school students, Percept Mot Skills, 70, 67, 10.2466/pms.1990.70.1.67 Tomporowski, 2008, Task switching in overweight children: effects of acute exercise and age, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30, 497, 10.1123/jsep.30.5.497 Ellemberg, 2010, The effect of acute physical exercise on cognitive function during development, Psychol Sport Exerc, 11, 122, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.09.006 Hillman, 2009, The effect of acute treadmill walking on cognitive control and academic achievement in preadolescent children, Neuroscience, 159, 1044, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.01.057 Hillman, 2003, Acute cardiovascular exercise and executive control function, Int J Psychophysiol, 48, 307, 10.1016/S0167-8760(03)00080-1 Hillman, 2008, Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition, Nat Rev Neurosci, 9, 58, 10.1038/nrn2298 Chaddock, 2011, A review of the relation of aerobic fitness and physical activity to brain structure and function in children, J Int Neuropsychological Soc, 17, 975, 10.1017/S1355617711000567 Tuckman, 1986, An experimental study of the physical and psychological effects of aerobic exercise on schoolchildren, Health Psychol, 5, 197, 10.1037/0278-6133.5.3.197 Hinkle, 1993, The psychology, physiology, and the creativity of middle school aerobic exercises, Elem Sch Guidance Couns, 28, 133 Ismail, 1967, The effects of a well-organized physical education programme on intellectual performance, Res Phys Educ, 1, 31 Davis, 2011, Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial, Health Psychol, 30, 91, 10.1037/a0021766 Fisher, 2011, Effects of a physical education intervention on cognitive function in young children: randomized controlled study, BMC Pediatrics, 11, 97, 10.1186/1471-2431-11-97 Sanders, 1983, Toward a model of stress and human performance, Acta Psychol (Amst), 53, 61, 10.1016/0001-6918(83)90016-1 Hockey, 1997, Compensatory control in the regulation of human performance under stress and high workload: a cognitive-energetical framework, Biol Psychol, 45, 73, 10.1016/S0301-0511(96)05223-4 Dishman, 2006, Neurobiology of exercise, Obesity, 14, 345, 10.1038/oby.2006.46 Budde, 2008, Acute coordinative exercise improves attentional performance in adolescents, Neurosci Lett, 441, 219, 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.06.024 Pesce, 2009, Physical activity and mental performance in preadolescents: effects of acute, exercise on free-recall memory, Ment Health Phy Act, 2, 16, 10.1016/j.mhpa.2009.02.001 Best, 2012, Exergaming immediately enhances children's executive function, Dev Psychol, 48, 1501, 10.1037/a0026648 Lakes, 2004, Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training, Appl Dev Psychol, 25, 283, 10.1016/j.appdev.2004.04.002 Castelli, 2011, FIT Kids: time in target heart zone and cognitive performance, Prev Med, 52, S55, 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.019 Kamijo, 2011, The effects of an afterschool physical activity program on working memory in preadolescent children, Dev Sci, 1 Chaddock-Heyman, 2013, The effects of physical activity on functional MRI activation associated with cognitive control in children: a randomized controlled intervention, Front Hum Neurosci, 7, 72, 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00072 Crova, 2013, Cognitively challenging physical activity benefits executive function in overweight children, J Sports Sci, 32, 201, 10.1080/02640414.2013.828849 Chang, 2013, The impacts of coordinative exercise on executive function in kindergarten children: an ERP study, Exp Brain Res, 225, 187, 10.1007/s00221-012-3360-9 International Life Sciences Institute, 2003 Hollar, 2010, Effect of a two-year obesity prevention intervention on percentile changes in body mass and academic performance in low-income elementary school children, Am J Public Health, 100, 646, 10.2105/AJPH.2009.165746 Donnelly, 2009, Physical activity across the curriculum (PAAC): a randomized controlled trial to promote physical activity and diminish overweight and obesity in elementary school children, Prev Med, 49, 336, 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.022 Kibbe, 2011, Ten years of TAKE 10!®: integrating physical activity with academic concepts in elementary school classrooms, Prev Med, 52, S43, 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.025 Mahar, 2006, Effects of a classroom-based program on physical activity and on-task behavior, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 38, 2086, 10.1249/01.mss.0000235359.16685.a3 Erwin, 2012, Student academic performance outcomes of a classroom physical activity intervention: a pilot study, Int Electron J Health Educ, 4, 473 Best, 2010, Effects of physical activity on children's executive function: contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise, Dev Rev, 30, 331, 10.1016/j.dr.2010.08.001 Tomporowski, 2010, The role of contextual interference and mental engagement on learning Pesce, 2013, Searching for cognitively optimal challenge point in physical activity for children with typical and atypical motor development, Ment Health Phys Activity, 6, 172, 10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.07.001 Kriemler, 2011, Effect of school-based interventions on physical activity in children and adolescents: a review of reviews and systematic update, Br J Sports Med, 45, 923, 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090186 Bransford, 1999 Borkowski, 1996, Theories, models, and measurements of executive functioning: an information processing perspective, 235 Dietrich, 2010, A review of EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies of creativity and insight, Psychol Bull, 136, 822, 10.1037/a0019749 Scibinetti, 2011, Motor creativity and creative thinking in children: the divergent role of inhibition, Creativity Res J, 23, 262, 10.1080/10400419.2011.595993 Lakes, 2013, The healthy for life taekwondo pilot study: a preliminary evaluation of effects on executive function and BMI, feasibility, and acceptability, Ment Health Phy Act, 6, 181, 10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.07.002 Memmert, 2011, Creativity, expertise, and attention: exploring their development and their relationships, J Sports Sci, 29, 93, 10.1080/02640414.2010.528014 Memmert, 2010, Play and practice in the development of sport-specific creativity in team ball sports, High Ability Stud, 21, 3, 10.1080/13598139.2010.488083 Goudas, 2010, Prologue: a review of life skills in sport and physical education, Hellenic J Psychol, 7, 241 Voss, 2009, Are expert athletes ‘expert’ in the cognitive laboratory? A meta-analytic review of cognition and sport expertise, App Cogn Psychol, 24, 812, 10.1002/acp.1588 2012 Fairclough, 2012, Psychophysiological processes of mental effort investment, 61 Kahneman, 1973 Sanders, 1998 Hockey, 1996, Energetical-control processes in the regulation of human performance, p.271 Posner, 2007 Bandura, 1997 Hodge, 2012, Developing a conceptual framework for life skills interventions, The Counsel Psycholog, 41, 1125, 10.1177/0011000012462073 Prochaska, 1983, Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change, Psychother Theory Res Pract, 20, 161, 10.1037/h0088487 Sallis, 2008, Ecological models of health behavior, 465 Etnier, 2009, The effect of physical activity on executive function: a brief commentary on definitions, measurement issues, and the current state of the literature, J Sport Exer Psy, 31, 469, 10.1123/jsep.31.4.469 Thorndike, 1914 Furley, 2011, Studying cognitive adaptations in the field of sport: broad or narrow transfer? A comment on Allen, Fioratou, & McGeorge, Percept Mot Skills, 113, 481, 10.2466/05.23.PMS.113.5.481-488 Ericsson, 1996, The acquisition of expert performance: an introduction to some of the issues, 1 Diamond, 2013, Executive functions, Annu Rev Psychol, 64, 135, 10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 Malina, 2004 Churchill, 2002, Exercise, experience and the aging brain, Neurobiol Aging, 23, 941, 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00028-3 Gomez-Pinilla, 2013, The influence of exercise on cognitive abilities, Compr Physiol, 3, 403, 10.1002/cphy.c110063 Booth, 2013, Associations between executive attention and objectively measured physical activity in adolescence: findings from ALSPAC, a UK cohort, Ment Health Phys Activity, 6, 212, 10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.09.002 Roberts, 2010, Low aerobic fitness and obesity are associated with lower standardized test scores in children, J Pediatr, 156, 711, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.11.039 Niederer, 2011, Relationship of aerobic fitness and motor skills with memory and attention in preschoolers (Ballabeina): a cross-sectional and longitudinal study, BMC Pediatrics, 11, 34, 10.1186/1471-2431-11-34 Roebers, 2014, The relation between cognitive and motor performance and their relevance for children's transition to school: a latent variable approach, Hum Mov Sci, 33, 284, 10.1016/j.humov.2013.08.011 Tomporowski, 2011, Physical activity interventions and children's mental function: an introduction and overview, Prev Med, 52, S3, 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.028