Plinth padding confounds measures of posteroanterior spinal stiffness

Battie, 1994, Managing low back pain: attitudes and treatment preferences of physical therapists, Physical Therapy, 74, 219, 10.1093/ptj/74.3.219

Binkley, 1995, Interrater reliability of lumbar accessory motion mobility testing, Physical Therapy, 75, 786, 10.1093/ptj/75.9.786

Caling, 1998

Edmondston, 1998, Effect of positioning on the posteroanterior stiffness of the lumbar spine, Manual Therapy, 3, 21, 10.1054/math.1998.0312

Grieve, 1984

Latimer, 1996, An investigation of the relationship between LBP and lumbar posteroanterior stiffness, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 19, 587

Latimer, 1996, Instrumented measurement of spinal stiffness, Manual Therapy, 1, 204, 10.1054/math.1996.0270

Latimer, 1996, Evaluation of a new device for measuring responses to posteroanterior forces in a patient population, Part 1: Reliability testing, Physical Therapy, 76, 158, 10.1093/ptj/76.2.158

Latimer, 1997, Plinth padding and measures of posteroanterior lumbar stiffness, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 20, 315

Latimer, 1998, The effects of high and low loading forces on measured values of lumbar stiffness, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 21, 157

Lee, 1992, Load displacement-time characteristics of the spine under posteroanterior mobilisation, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 38, 115, 10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60556-0

Lee, 1997, An in vivo study of the intervertebral movements produced by posteroanterior mobilization, Clinical Biomechanics, 12, 400, 10.1016/S0268-0033(97)00019-3

Lee, 1990, Measurement of stiffness during simulated spinal physiotherapy, Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement, 11, 201, 10.1088/0143-0815/11/3/002

Lee, 1993, Effect of frequency on response of the spine to lumbar posteroanterior forces, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 16, 439

Lee, 1998, Variations in posteroanterior stiffness in the thoracolumbar spine: preliminary observations and proposed mechanisms, Physical Therapy, 78, 1277, 10.1093/ptj/78.12.1277

Maher, 1994, Reliability of pain and stiffness assessments in clinical manual lumbar spine examination, Physical Therapy, 74, 801, 10.1093/ptj/74.9.801

Maitland, 1986

Matyas, 1985, The reliability of selected techniques in clinical arthrometrics, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 31, 175, 10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60633-4

Nicholson, 1997, Reliability of a discrimination measure for judgements of non-biological stiffness, Manual Therapy, 2, 150, 10.1054/math.1997.0295

Stagnara, 1982, Reciprocal angulation of vertebral bodies in a sagittal plane: approach to references for the evaluation of kyphosis and lordosis, Spine, 7, 335, 10.1097/00007632-198207000-00003