Green hydrogen production potential for developing a hydrogen economy in Pakistan

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy - Tập 43 - Trang 6011-6039 - 2018
Irfan Ahmad Gondal1, Syed Athar Masood2, Rafiullah Khan2
1US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Tài liệu tham khảo

Shaikh, 2015, The diagnosis of an electricity crisis and alternative energy development in Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 52, 1172, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.08.009 Yearbook, Pakistan Energy, 2015, 39 Amer, 2011, Selection of renewable energy technologies for a developing county: a case of Pakistan, Energy Sustain Dev, 15, 420, 10.1016/j.esd.2011.09.001 Ghafoor, 2016, Current status and overview of renewable energy potential in Pakistan for continuous energy sustainability, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 60, 1332, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.020 Saeed, 2015, Agricultural waste biomass energy potential in Pakistan Emonts, 2017, Re-energizing energy supply: electrolytically-produced hydrogen as a flexible energy storage medium and fuel for road transport, J Power Sources, 342, 320, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.12.073 Maroufmashat, 2017, Transition of future energy system infrastructure; through power-to-gas pathways, Energies, 10, 1089, 10.3390/en10081089 Yoshida, 2015, Toyota MIRAI fuel cell vehicle and progress toward a future hydrogen society, Electrochem Soc Interface, 24, 45, 10.1149/2.F03152if Lane, 2017, Plug-in fuel cell electric vehicles: a California case study, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 42, 14294, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.03.035 Nykvist, 2015, Rapidly falling costs of battery packs for electric vehicles, Nat Clim Change, 5, 329, 10.1038/nclimate2564 Trop, 2014 Turner, 2004, Sustainable hydrogen production, Science, 305, 972, 10.1126/science.1103197 Veneri, 2011, 33 Orhan, 2012, Integrated hydrogen production options based on renewable and nuclear energy sources, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 16, 6059, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.06.008 DOE, 2015 Sartbaeva, 2008, Hydrogen nexus in a sustainable energy future, Energy Environ Sci, 1, 79, 10.1039/b810104n United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals website http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/energy/accessed on 22 April 2016. Barbir, 2006, Transition to renewable energy systems with hydrogen as an energy Carrier, 6th world energy system conference, Energy, 34, 308, 10.1016/j.energy.2008.07.007 2002, A national vision of America's transition to a hydrogen economy — To 2030 and beyond Sopian, 2008, Development of the hydrogen energy roadmap and current status for Malaysia, ISESCO Sci Technol Vision, 4, 12 Borthwick, 2006, Overview of the hydrogen economy: perspectives from Europe Oznur Takalogu, Lymberopolous "Review of Hydrogen Energy Strategies in Developing Countries". Kleijn, 2010, Resource constraints in a hydrogen economy based on renewable energy sources: an exploration, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 14, 2784, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.066 Dincer, 2012, Green methods for hydrogen production, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 37, 1954, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.03.173 Shakeel, 2016, "Renewable energy sources in power generation in Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 64, 421, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.016 Stökler, 2016, Solar resource assessment study for Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 58, 1184, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.298 National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Kalim, 2005, Large scale hybrid solar-hydrogen electric power plants for Pakistan Gondal, 2012 Elliott, 2011 Sheikh, 2009, Renewable energy resource potential in Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 13, 2696, 10.1016/j.rser.2009.06.029 Siddique, 2016, A review of the wind power developments in Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 57, 351, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.050 Alternate Energy Development Board website accessed on 12th Oct 2017. http://www.aedb.org/index.php/ae-technologies/wind-power/wind-current-status. Zaigham, 2010, Renewable hot dry rock geothermal energy source and its potential in Pakistan, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 14, 1124, 10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.002 Geological survey of Pakistan. Ahmad, 2009 Pode, 2010, Addressing India's energy security and options for decreasing energy dependency, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 14, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.007 GOP, 2006 Ghaffar, 1995, The energy supply situation in the rural sector of Pakistan and the potential of renewable energy technologies, Renew Energy, 6, 941, 10.1016/0960-1481(94)00034-0 GOP, 2010 Singh, 2010, Biomass conversion to energy in India—a critique, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 14, 1367, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.01.013 Wang, 2012, Comparison of thermochemical, electrolytic, photoelectrolytic and photochemical solar-to-hydrogen production technologies, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 37, 16287, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.057 Milne, 2002 Patel, 2005, A study on sulfur-iodine (S-I) thermochemical water splitting process for hydrogen production from nuclear heat Demirbas, 2001, Yields of hydrogen of gaseous products via pyrolysis from selected biomass samples, Fuel, 80, 1885, 10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00070-9 Das, 2001, Hydrogen production by biological processes: a survey of literature, Int J Hydrogen Energ, 26, 13, 10.1016/S0360-3199(00)00058-6 Demirbas, 2010, Biofuels for future transportation necessity, Energy Educ Sci Technol Part A, 26, 13e23 Dincer, 2012, Sustainable hydrogen production options and the roll of IAHE, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.133 Dr Tauqir Shah, “Pakistan's experience on renewable energy” at the Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) meeting on 22 June 2015. http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2015/11/09/news/over-15000-acres-of-land-approved-for-wind-solar-power-projects-in-sindh/accessed on 1st August 2016. Khare, 2013, Status of solar wind renewable energy in India, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 27, 1, 10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.018 Posso, 2014, Estimation of electrolytic hydrogen production potential in Venezuela from renewable energies, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 39, 11846, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.06.033 Posso, 2016, Preliminary estimation of electrolytic hydrogen production potential from renewable energies in Ecuador, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 41, 2326, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.11.155 Melaina, 2013 Sigal, 2014, Assessment of the potential for hydrogen production from renewable resources in Argentina, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 39, 8204e14, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.157 Paul W. Stackhouse, Atmospheric Science Data Center, Surface Meteorolgy and Solar Energy, NASA. Website http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/sse/. Ivy, 2004 Melaina, 2013 http://efficientcarbon.com/accessed on 1st Dec 2016. http://belifal.com/accessed on 1st Dec 2016. http://www.solarmango.com/accessed on 1st Dec 2016. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/index.html accessed on 1st Dec 2016. Denholm, 2007 Denholm, 2008, Land-use requirements and the per-capita solar footprint for photovoltaic generation in the United States, Energy Pol, 36, 3531, 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.05.035 Ong, 2013 World Bank website accessed on 20th Nov 2017. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE. 2008 Vensys Energy website http://www.vensys.de/energy-en/accessed on 06 Feb 2017. Lindal, 1973, Industrial and other application of geothermal energy, 135 Population Census Organization, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics website http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/index.html accessed on 30 Nov 2017. Kalinci, 2014, Exergetic Performance assessment of a binary geothermal power plant, 23 Gondal, 2017, Review of geothermal energy development efforts in Pakistan and way forward, Renew Sustain Energy Rev 71,, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.097 Accessed from Environmental and Geothermal Services (EGS) website http://www.envgeo.com/Index.html on 24 April 2017. Flóvenz, 2006, Geothermal energy: an option for hydrogen production? https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20141109070630-190310188-potential-of-bagasse-fired-power-generation-in-pakistan. Young, 2010 World Bank site http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1334852610766/AnnexJ.pdf accessed on 12 May 2017. Adopted from POWER magazine website http://www.powermag.com/waste-to-energy-technology-options-increase-but-remain-underutilized/?pagenum=3 accessed on 4th Nov 2017. Young, 2008, From waste solids to fuel, Pollut Eng W. J. Quapp, “A demonstration of distributed hydrogen production using IET's PEM™ and air products' PRISM™ H2 PSA system”, Presented to 2007 National Hydrogen Conference San Antonio, Texas. Ilyas, 2017, Waste generation rate and composition analysis of solid waste in Gujranwala City Pakistan, Int J Waste Resour, 7, 297, 10.4172/2252-5211.1000297 Acar, 2015, Impact assessment and efficiency evaluation of hydrogen production methods, Int J Energy Res, 39, 1757, 10.1002/er.3302 Zakkour, 2010