Plasmonic doped semiconductor nanocrystals: Properties, fabrication, applications and perspectives

Physics Reports - Tập 674 - Trang 1-52 - 2017
Ilka Kriegel1,2, Francesco Scotognella3,4, Liberato Manna1
1Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
2Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
3Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
4Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy

Tài liệu tham khảo

Zhao, 2009, Plasmonic Cu2−xS nanocrystals: Optical and structural properties of copper-deficient copper(I) sulfides, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 4253, 10.1021/ja805655b Comin, 2014, New materials for tunable plasmonic colloidal nanocrystals, Chem. Soc. Rev., 43, 3957, 10.1039/C3CS60265F Scotognella, 2013, Plasmonics in heavily-doped semiconductor nanocrystals, Eur. Phys. J. B, 86, 1, 10.1140/epjb/e2013-40039-x Mattox, 2015, Chemical control of plasmons in metal chalcogenide and metal oxide nanostructures, Adv. Mater., 27, 5830, 10.1002/adma.201502218 Routzahn, 2012, Plasmonics with doped quantum dots, Isr. J. Chem., 52, 983, 10.1002/ijch.201200069 Zhao, 2012, Development of plasmonic semiconductor nanomaterials with copper chalcogenides for a future with sustainable energy materials, Energy Environ. Sci., 5, 5564, 10.1039/C1EE02734D Faucheaux, 2014, Plasmon resonances of semiconductor nanocrystals: Physical principles and new opportunities, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5, 976, 10.1021/jz500037k Buonsanti, 2013, Chemistry of doped colloidal nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 25, 1305, 10.1021/cm304104m Lounis, 2014, Defect chemistry and plasmon physics of colloidal metal oxide nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5, 1564, 10.1021/jz500440e Runnerstrom, 2014, Nanostructured electrochromic smart windows: traditional materials and NIR-selective plasmonic nanocrystals, Chem. Commun., 50, 10555, 10.1039/C4CC03109A Luther, 2011, Localized surface plasmon resonances arising from free carriers in doped quantum dots, Nature Mater., 10, 361, 10.1038/nmat3004 Kriegel, 2012, Tuning the excitonic and plasmonic properties of copper chalcogenide nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 1583, 10.1021/ja207798q Dorfs, 2011, Reversible tunability of the near-infrared valence band plasmon resonance in Cu2−xSe nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 11175, 10.1021/ja2016284 Ni, 2016, Size-dependent structures and optical absorption of boron-hyperdoped silicon nanocrystals, Adv. Opt. Mater., 4, 700, 10.1002/adom.201500706 Kramer, 2015, Plasmonic properties of silicon nanocrystals doped with boron and phosphorus, Nano Lett., 15, 5597, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02287 Zhou, 2016, Ligand-Free, colloidal, and plasmonic silicon nanocrystals heavily doped with boron, ACS Photonics, 3, 415, 10.1021/acsphotonics.5b00568 Della Gaspera, 2014, Non-injection synthesis of doped zinc oxide plasmonic nanocrystals, ACS Nano, 8, 9154, 10.1021/nn5027593 Polking, 2013, Controlling localized surface plasmon resonances in gete nanoparticles using an amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition, Phys. Rev. Lett., 111, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.037401 Mattox, 2015, Low temperature synthesis and surface plasmon resonance of colloidal lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 27, 6620, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b02297 Machida, 2015, Particle shape inhomogeneity and plasmon-band broadening of solar-control LaB6 nanoparticles, J. Appl. Phys., 118, 13103, 10.1063/1.4923049 Cai, 2016, Enabling prussian blue with tunable localized surface plasmon resonances: Simultaneously enhanced dual-mode imaging and tumor photothermal therapy, ACS Nano, 10, 11115, 10.1021/acsnano.6b05990 Garcia, 2011, Dynamically modulating the surface plasmon resonance of doped semiconductor nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 11, 4415, 10.1021/nl202597n Manna, 2013, Semiconducting and plasmonic copper phosphide platelets, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 52, 6762, 10.1002/anie.201210277 De Trizio, 2015, Cu3-xP nanocrystals as a material platform for near-infrared plasmonics and cation exchange reactions, Chem. Mater., 27, 1120, 10.1021/cm5044792 Manthiram, 2012, Tunable localized surface plasmon resonances in tungsten oxide nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 3995, 10.1021/ja211363w Buonsanti, 2011, Tunable infrared absorption and visible transparency of colloidal aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 11, 4706, 10.1021/nl203030f Hessel, 2011, Copper selenide nanocrystals for photothermal therapy, Nano Lett., 11, 2560, 10.1021/nl201400z Wang, 2015, Plasmonic copper sulfide nanocrystals exhibiting near-infrared photothermal and photodynamic therapeutic effects, ACS Nano, 9, 1788, 10.1021/nn506687t Llordes, 2013, Tunable near-infrared and visible-light transmittance in nanocrystal-in-glass composites, Nature, 500, 323, 10.1038/nature12398 Jain, 2013, Doped nanocrystals as plasmonic probes of redox chemistry, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 52, 13671, 10.1002/anie.201303707 Mendelsberg, 2015, Dispersible plasmonic doped metal oxide nanocrystal sensors that optically track redox reactions in aqueous media with single-electron sensitivity, Adv. Opt. Mater., 3, 1293, 10.1002/adom.201500208 Xie, 2015, Nanoscale transformations in covellite (CuS) nanocrystals in the presence of divalent metal cations in a mild reducing environment, Chem. Mater., 27, 7531, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03892 Cui, 2015, IR-driven photocatalytic water splitting with WO2–NaxWO3 hybrid conductor material, Nano Lett., 15, 7199, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01581 Lounis, 2014, Influence of dopant distribution on the plasmonic properties of indium tin oxide nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 7110, 10.1021/ja502541z Greenberg, 2015, Nonequilibrium-plasma-synthesized ZnO nanocrystals with plasmon resonance tunable via Al doping and quantum confinement, Nano Lett., 15, 8162, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03600 Kim, 2016, The interplay of shape and crystalline anisotropies in plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 16, 3879, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01390 Ye, 2014, Expanding the spectral tunability of plasmonic resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cooperative cation–anion codoping, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 11680, 10.1021/ja5039903 Agrawal, 2015, Shape-dependent field enhancement and plasmon resonance of oxide nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 6227, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01648 Paliwal, 2016, Surface plasmon resonance study on the optical sensing properties of tin oxide (SnO2) films to NH3 gas, J. Appl. Phys., 119, 10.1063/1.4948332 Lombardi, 2014, Theory of surface-enhanced Raman scattering in semiconductors, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 11120, 10.1021/jp5020675 Li, 2010, Copper sulfide nanoparticles for photothermal ablation of tumor cells, Nanomedicine, 5, 1161, 10.2217/nnm.10.85 Li, 2013, CuTe Nanocrystals: Shape and size control, plasmonic properties, and use as SERS probes and photothermal agents, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 7098, 10.1021/ja401428e Ding, 2014, Surface plasmon resonance enhanced light absorption and photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 15684, 10.1021/ja508641z Muhammed, 2015, Switching plasmons: Gold nanorod–copper chalcogenide core–shell nanoparticle clusters with selectable metal/semiconductor NIR plasmon resonances, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 11666, 10.1021/jacs.5b05337 Marin, 2016, Plasmon-enhanced two-photon absorption in photoluminescent semiconductor nanocrystals, ACS Photonics, 3, 526, 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00037 Zhang, 2014, Theory of quantum plasmon resonances in doped semiconductor nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 16035, 10.1021/jp5046035 Jain, 2014, Plasmon-in-a-box: On the physical nature of few-carrier plasmon resonances, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5, 3112, 10.1021/jz501456t Schimpf, 2014, Charge-tunable quantum plasmons in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, ACS Nano, 8, 1065, 10.1021/nn406126u Ochsenbein, 2009, Charge-controlled magnetism in colloidal doped semiconductor nanocrystals, Nat. Nano, 4, 681, 10.1038/nnano.2009.221 De Trizio, 2016, Forging colloidal nanostructures via cation exchange reactions, Chem. Rev., 116, 10852, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00739 Guo, 2014, Plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals as chemical sensors: Pb2+ quantitation via aggregation-induced plasmon resonance shift, Plasmonics, 9, 893, 10.1007/s11468-014-9694-3 Riedinger, 2015, Post-synthesis incorporation of 64Cu in CuS nanocrystals to radiolabel photothermal probes: A feasible approach for clinics, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 15145, 10.1021/jacs.5b07973 Liu, 2014, Heavily-doped colloidal semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals: an emerging new class of plasmonic nanomaterials, Chem. Soc. Rev., 43, 3908, 10.1039/C3CS60417A Hu, 2008, Dark-field microscopy studies of single metal nanoparticles: understanding the factors that influence the linewidth of the localized surface plasmon resonance, J. Mater. Chem., 18, 1949, 10.1039/b714759g Perner, 1997, Optically induced damping of the surface plasmon resonance in gold colloids, Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 2192, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.2192 Colas des Francs, 2012, Mie plasmons: Modes volumes, quality factors, and coupling strengths (purcell factor) to a dipolar emitter, Int. J. Opt., 2012, 175162, 10.1155/2012/175162 Naik, 2013, Alternative plasmonic materials: Beyond gold and silver, Adv. Mater., 25, 3264, 10.1002/adma.201205076 Underwood, 1994, Effect of the solution refractive index on the color of gold colloids, Langmuir, 10, 3427, 10.1021/la00022a011 Kelly, 2003, The optical properties of metal nanoparticles: The influence of size, shape, and dielectric environment, J. Phys. Chem. B, 107, 668, 10.1021/jp026731y Langer, 2015, Sensing using plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, 26, 10.1088/0957-4484/26/32/322001 Myroshnychenko, 2008, Modeling the optical response of highly faceted metal nanoparticles with a fully 3D boundary element method, Adv. Mater., 20, 4288, 10.1002/adma.200703214 Myroshnychenko, 2008, Modelling the optical response of gold nanoparticles, Chem. Soc. Rev., 37, 1792, 10.1039/b711486a Link, 2003, Optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of metallic nanocrystals, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 54, 331, 10.1146/annurev.physchem.54.011002.103759 Govorov, 2007, Generating heat with metal nanoparticles, Nano Today, 2, 30, 10.1016/S1748-0132(07)70017-8 Huang, 2010, Gold nanoparticles: Optical properties and implementations in cancer diagnosis and photothermal therapy, J. Adv. Res., 1, 13, 10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.002 Schimpf, 2012, Comparison of extra electrons in colloidal n-type Al3+-doped and photochemically reduced ZnO nanocrystals, Chem. Commun., 48, 9352, 10.1039/c2cc34635d Gordon, 2013, Shape-dependent plasmonic response and directed self-assembly in a new semiconductor building block, indium-doped cadmium oxide (ICO), Nano Lett., 13, 2857, 10.1021/nl4012003 Babicheva, 2015, Transparent conducting oxides for electro-optical plasmonic modulators, Nanophotonics, 4, 165, 10.1515/nanoph-2015-0004 Ghosh, 2015, Tunable surface plasmon resonance in Sn-doped Zn–Cd–O alloyed nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 1180, 10.1021/jp5107873 Mattox, 2014, Influence of shape on the surface plasmon resonance of tungsten bronze nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 26, 1779, 10.1021/cm4030638 Yang, 2014, Design of the alkali-metal-doped WO3 as a near-infrared shielding material for smart window, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53, 17981, 10.1021/ie503284x Lee, 2016, Unraveling the intercalation chemistry of hexagonal tungsten bronze and its optical responses, Chem. Mater., 28, 4528, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03980 Balitskii, 2016, Aqueous processable WO 3−x nanocrystals with solution tunable localized surface plasmon resonance, RSC Adv., 6, 59050, 10.1039/C6RA07938E Gaspera, 2015, Plasmonic Ge-doped ZnO nanocrystals, Chem. Commun., 51, 12369, 10.1039/C5CC02429C Kanehara, 2009, Indium tin oxide nanoparticles with compositionally tunable surface plasmon resonance frequencies in the near-IR region, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 17736, 10.1021/ja9064415 Jagadeeswararao, 2016, Electrical and plasmonic properties of ligand-free Sn4+-doped In2O3 (ITO) nanocrystals, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 710, 10.1002/cphc.201500973 Wang, 2011, Free electron concentration in colloidal indium tin oxide nanocrystals determined by their size and structure, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 406, 10.1021/jp108926a Li, 2015, Tunable solar-heat shielding property of transparent films based on mesoporous Sb-doped SnO2 microspheres, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 6574, 10.1021/am508711p Zhu, 2015, Vanadium dioxide nanoparticle-based thermochromic smart coating: High luminous transmittance, excellent solar regulation efficiency, and near room temperature phase transition, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 27796, 10.1021/acsami.5b09011 Matsui, 2015, Mid-infrared plasmonic resonances in 2D VO2 nanosquare arrays, Adv. Opt. Mater., 3, 1759, 10.1002/adom.201500322 Paik, 2014, Solution-processed phase-change VO2 metamaterials from colloidal vanadium oxide (VOx) nanocrystals, ACS Nano, 8, 797, 10.1021/nn4054446 Biswas, 2006, Metallic ReO3 nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 842, 10.1021/jp055670b Ma, 2014, Noble-metal-free plasmonic photocatalyst: hydrogen doped semiconductors, Sci. Rep., 4, 3986, 10.1038/srep03986 Cheng, 2016, Hydrogen doped metal oxide semiconductors with exceptional and tunable localized surface plasmon resonances, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 9316, 10.1021/jacs.6b05396 De Trizio, 2014, Sn cation valency dependence in cation exchange reactions involving Cu2-xSe nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 16277, 10.1021/ja508161c Calatayud, 2015, Synthesis and characterization of blue faceted anatase nanoparticles through extensive fluorine lattice doping, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 21243, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b06923 Dahlman, 2015, Spectroelectrochemical signatures of capacitive charging and ion insertion in doped anatase titania nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 9160, 10.1021/jacs.5b04933 Sahasrabudhe, 2016, Million-fold increase of the conductivity in TiO2 rutile through 3% niobium, Incorporation, Chem. Mater., 28, 3630, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02031 De Trizio, 2013, Nb-doped colloidal TiO2 nanocrystals with tunable infrared absorption, Chem. Mater., 25, 3383, 10.1021/cm402396c Shanker, 2015, Doping controls plasmonics, electrical conductivity, and carrier-mediated magnetic coupling in Fe and Sn codoped In2O3 nanocrystals: Local structure is the key, Chem. Mater., 27, 892, 10.1021/cm5040936 Mehra, 2016, Core/Shell approach to dopant incorporation and shape control in colloidal zinc oxide nanorods, Chem. Mater., 28, 3454, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00981 Jansons, 2016, Continuous growth of metal oxide nanocrystals: Enhanced control of nanocrystal size and radial dopant distribution, ACS Nano, 10, 6942, 10.1021/acsnano.6b02796 Kortshagen, 2015, Nonthermal plasma synthesis of nanocrystals: Fundamentals, applications, and future research needs, Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 36, 73, 10.1007/s11090-015-9663-4 Runnerstrom, 2016, Defect engineering in plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 16, 3390, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01171 Alsaif, 2016, Exfoliation solvent dependent plasmon resonances in two-dimensional sub-stoichiometric molybdenum oxide nanoflakes, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 3482, 10.1021/acsami.5b12076 Alsaif, 2014, Tunable plasmon resonances in two-dimensional molybdenum oxide nanoflakes, Adv. Mater., 26, 3931, 10.1002/adma.201306097 Ghosh, 2014, Tunable surface plasmon resonance and enhanced electrical conductivity of In doped ZnO colloidal nanocrystals, Nanoscale, 6, 7039, 10.1039/C3NR05608B Mehra, 2015, Modular synthetic design enables precise control of shape and doping in colloidal zinc oxide nanorods, J. Mater. Chem. C, 3, 7172, 10.1039/C5TC01216C Ye, 2014, Seeded growth of metal-doped plasmonic oxide heterodimer nanocrystals and their chemical transformation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 5106, 10.1021/ja500871j Schimpf, 2013, Controlling carrier densities in photochemically reduced colloidal ZnO nanocrystals: Size dependence and role of the hole quencher, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 16569, 10.1021/ja408030u Shim, 2000, n-type colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, Nature, 407, 981, 10.1038/35039577 Shim, 2001, Charge-Tunable optical properties in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 2369, 10.1021/jp0035683 Palomaki, 2013, Control of plasmonic and interband transitions in colloidal indium nitride nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 14142, 10.1021/ja404599g Koh, 2013, Heavily doped n-type PbSe and PbS nanocrystals using ground-state charge transfer from cobaltocene, Sci. Rep., 3, 2004, 10.1038/srep02004 Haase, 1988, Photochemistry and radiation chemistry of colloidal semiconductors. 23. Electron storage on zinc oxide particles and size quantization, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 482, 10.1021/j100313a047 Liu, 2006, Stable photogenerated carriers in magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 3910, 10.1021/ja060488p Rinehart, 2013, Photochemical electronic doping of colloidal CdSe nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 18782, 10.1021/ja410825c Liu, 2007, Room-Temperature electron spin dynamics in free-standing ZnO quantum dots, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.186804 Tice, 2014, Ultrafast modulation of the plasma frequency of vertically aligned indium tin oxide rods, Nano Lett., 14, 1120, 10.1021/nl4028044 Cohn, 2012, Photocharging ZnO nanocrystals: Picosecond hole capture, electron accumulation, and auger recombination, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 20633, 10.1021/jp3075942 Kinsey, 2015, Epsilon-near-zero Al-doped ZnO for ultrafast switching at telecom wavelengths, Optica, 2, 616, 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000616 Kriegel, 2016, Ultrafast photodoping and plasmon dynamics in fluorine–indium codoped cadmium oxide nanocrystals for all-optical signal manipulation at optical communication wavelengths, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 7, 3873, 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01904 Wood, 2001, Fermi level equilibration in quantum dot–metal nanojunctions †, J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 8810, 10.1021/jp011576t Schrauben, 2012, Titanium and zinc oxide nanoparticles are proton-coupled electron transfer agents, Science, 336, 1298, 10.1126/science.1220234 Carroll, 2015, Redox potentials of colloidal n-type ZnO nanocrystals: Effects of confinement, electron density, and fermi-level pinning by aldehyde hydrogenation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 11163, 10.1021/jacs.5b06715 Goings, 2014, Theoretical characterization of conduction-band electrons in photodoped and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) quantum dots, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 26584, 10.1021/jp5090229 Schimpf, 2015, Redox chemistries and plasmon energies of photodoped In2O3 and Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 518, 10.1021/ja5116953 Hayoun, 2011, Electron transfer between colloidal ZnO nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 4228, 10.1021/ja111143y Schimpf, 2015, Electronic doping and redox-potential tuning in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, Acc. Chem. Res., 48, 1929, 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00181 Zhou, 2016, Electron trapping on Fe3+ sites in photodoped ZnO colloidal nanocrystals, Chem Commun., 52, 9101, 10.1039/C6CC00514D van Dijken, 2000, Influence of adsorbed oxygen on the emission properties of nanocrystalline ZnO particles, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, 4355, 10.1021/jp993998x Faucheaux, 2013, Plasmons in photocharged ZnO nanocrystals revealing the nature of charge dynamics, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 4, 3024, 10.1021/jz401719u Whitaker, 2008, Electron confinement effects in the EPR spectra of colloidal n-type ZnO quantum dots, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 14331, 10.1021/jp804763y Shao, 2016, Enhanced near-infrared absorption and photo-thermal generation in black iron doped indium tin oxide, Opt. Mater. Express, 6, 1230, 10.1364/OME.6.001230 Li, 2016, Enhanced electrochromic performance of WO 3 nanowire networks grown directly on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 10500, 10.1039/C6TC03563A Feigenbaum, 2010, Unity-order index change in transparent conducting oxides at visible frequencies, Nano Lett., 10, 2111, 10.1021/nl1006307 Ung, 1997, Spectroelectrochemistry of colloidal silver, Langmuir, 13, 1773, 10.1021/la960863z Pflughoefft, 2002, Spectroelectrochemical analysis of the electrochromism of antimony-doped nanoparticulate tin–dioxide electrodes, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 10530, 10.1021/jp0256793 Kim, 2015, Nanocomposite architecture for rapid, spectrally-selective electrochromic modulation of solar transmittance, Nano Lett., 15, 5574, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02197 Brown, 2015, Electrochemical tuning of the dielectric function of Au nanoparticles, ACS Photonics, 2, 459, 10.1021/ph500358q van der Stam, 2016, Prospects of colloidal copper chalcogenide nanocrystals, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 559, 10.1002/cphc.201500976 Niezgoda, 2016, Synthetic strategies for semiconductor nanocrystals expressing localized surface plasmon resonance, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 645, 10.1002/cphc.201500758 Pashinkin, 2005, p-T phase diagram of the Cu-Te system, Inorg. Mater., 41, 939, 10.1007/s10789-005-0242-6 Chakrabarti, 1983, The Cu-S (copper-sulfur) system, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagr., 4, 254, 10.1007/BF02868665 Chakrabarti, 1981, The Cu-Se (copper-selenium) system, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagr., 2, 305, 10.1007/BF02868284 Martinson, 2013, Structural, optical, and electronic stability of copper sulfide thin films grown by atomic layer deposition, Energy Environ. Sci., 6, 1868, 10.1039/c3ee40371h Mulder, 1972, Optical properties of crystals of cuprous sulphides (chalcosite, djurleite, Cu1.9S, and digenite), Phys. Status Solidi A, 13, 79, 10.1002/pssa.2210130107 Liu, 2014, Thermal annealing effects of plasmonic Cu1.8S nanocrystal films and their photovoltaic properties, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 26964, 10.1021/jp506043n Wadia, 2009, Materials availability expands the opportunity for large-scale photovoltaics deployment, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 2072, 10.1021/es8019534 Wu, 2008, Synthesis and photovoltaic application of copper(I) sulfide nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 8, 2551, 10.1021/nl801817d Rivest, 2011, Assembled monolayer nanorod heterojunctions, ACS Nano, 5, 3811, 10.1021/nn2001454 Riha, 2011, Cu2Se nanoparticles with tunable electronic properties due to a controlled solid-state phase transition driven by copper oxidation and cationic conduction, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 133, 1383, 10.1021/ja106254h Wang, 2015, Cu-Deficient plasmonic Cu2–xS nanoplate electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction, ACS Catal., 5, 2534, 10.1021/acscatal.5b00115 Manzi, 2015, Light-Induced cation exchange for copper sulfide based CO2 reduction, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 137, 14007, 10.1021/jacs.5b06778 Goel, 2014, Synthesis and biomedical applications of copper sulfide nanoparticles: From sensors to theranostics, Small, 10, 631, 10.1002/smll.201301174 Zheng, 2011, Observation of transient structural-transformation dynamics in a Cu2S nanorod, Science, 333, 206, 10.1126/science.1204713 Lotfipour, 2011, α-chalcocite nanoparticle synthesis and stability, Chem. Mater., 23, 3032, 10.1021/cm1031656 Machani, 2011, Synthesis of monoclinic and tetragonal chalcocite nanoparticles by iron-induced stabilization, Chem. Mater., 23, 5491, 10.1021/cm2022196 Freymeyer, 2013, Influence of solvent reducing ability on copper sulfide crystal phase, Cryst. Growth Des., 13, 4059, 10.1021/cg400895d Liu, 2013, Controllable transformation from rhombohedral Cu1.8S nanocrystals to hexagonal CuS clusters: Phase- and composition-dependent plasmonic properties, Chem. Mater., 25, 4828, 10.1021/cm403420u Zhu, 2016, Tuning the plasmonic resonance of Cu2-xS nanocrystals: effects of the crystal phase, morphology and surface ligands, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 4880, 10.1039/C6TC00980H Xie, 2013, Copper sulfide nanocrystals with tunable composition by reduction of covellite nanocrystals with Cu+ ions, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 135, 17630, 10.1021/ja409754v Riha, 2013, Stabilizing Cu2S for photovoltaics one atomic layer at a time, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 5, 10302, 10.1021/am403225e Vinokurov, 2016, Copper sulfide nanocrystal level structure and electrochemical functionality towards sensing applications, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 675, 10.1002/cphc.201500963 Wolf, 2015, Tuning the LSPR in copper chalcogenide nanoparticles by cation intercalation, cation exchange and metal growth, Nanoscale, 7, 19519, 10.1039/C5NR05425G Xie, 2013, Metallic-like stoichiometric copper sulfide nanocrystals: Phase- and shape-selective synthesis, near-infrared surface plasmon resonance properties, and their modeling, ACS Nano, 7, 7352, 10.1021/nn403035s Wu, 2014, Two-dimensional CuSe nanosheets with microscale lateral size: Synthesis and template-assisted phase transformation, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 53, 5083, 10.1002/anie.201311309 Wei, 2013, Surface-dependent localized surface plasmon resonances in CuS nanodisks, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces., 5, 10473, 10.1021/am4039568 Rabkin, 2015, Surface plasmon resonance in surfactant coated copper sulfide nanoparticles: Role of the structure of the capping agent, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 457, 43, 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.06.044 Balitskii, 2014, Tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance in Cu2–xSe nanocrystals by postsynthetic ligand exchange, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 17770, 10.1021/am504296y Aigner, 2015, Electronic changes induced by surface modification of Cu2–xS nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 16276, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01078 Zhu, 2015, Tunable near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonances of djurleite nanocrystals: effects of size, shape, surface-ligands and oxygen exposure time, J. Mater. Chem. C, 3, 6686, 10.1039/C5TC01310K Liu, 2013, Size-controlled synthesis of Cu2−xE (E=S, Se) nanocrystals with strong tunable near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance and high conductivity in thin films, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 1256, 10.1002/adfm.201202061 Shu, 2016, An easy hydrothermal synthesis of porous CuSySe1-y nanomaterials with broadly tunable near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance, J. Alloys Compd., 660, 361, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.074 Saldanha, 2014, Generalized one-pot synthesis of copper sulfide, selenide-sulfide, and telluride-sulfide nanoparticles, Chem. Mater., 26, 1442, 10.1021/cm4035598 Wang, 2015, Size-, shape-, and composition-controlled synthesis and localized surface plasmon resonance of copper tin selenide nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 27, 3378, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00618 Wolf, 2016, Growth of Cu2-xSe-CuPt and Cu1.1S-Pt hybrid nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 21925, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05574 Liu, 2013, Cu2–xS1–ySey alloy nanocrystals with broadly tunable near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance, Chem. Mater., 25, 4402, 10.1021/cm402848k Xu, 2014, Phase conversion from hexagonal CuSySe1–y to cubic Cu2–xSySe1–y: Composition variation, morphology evolution, optical tuning, and solar cell applications, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 16352, 10.1021/am5046247 Guria, 2016, Fixed aspect ratio rod-to-rod conversion and localized surface plasmon resonance in semiconducting I–V–VI nanorods, Adv. Mater., 28, 447, 10.1002/adma.201504377 Lesnyak, 2014, Alloyed copper chalcogenide nanoplatelets via partial cation exchange reactions, ACS Nano, 8, 8407, 10.1021/nn502906z Liu, 2015, Composition-Dependent crystal phase, optical properties, and self-assembly of Cu–Sn–S colloidal nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 27, 1342, 10.1021/cm504411a Wang, 2015, Controlling the size, shape, phase, band gap, and localized surface plasmon resonance of Cu2–xS and cuxinys nanocrystals, Chem. Mater., 27, 1786, 10.1021/cm504626u Li, 2013, Metal ions to control the morphology of semiconductor nanoparticles: Copper selenide nanocubes, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 135, 4664, 10.1021/ja400472m Liu, 2014, Facile microwave-assisted synthesis of klockmannite CuSe nanosheets and their exceptional electrical properties, Sci. Rep., 4, 5998, 10.1038/srep05998 Hsu, 2015, Shape focusing during the anisotropic growth of CuS triangular nanoprisms, Chem. Mater., 27, 4957, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01223 Yang, 2013, Designed synthesis of solid and hollow Cu2–xTe nanocrystals with tunable near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance, J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 21955, 10.1021/jp407559b Georgieva, 2016, Stabilization of plasmon resonance in Cu2-xS semiconductor nanoparticles, Chem. Commun., 52, 9082, 10.1039/C6CC00503A Wang, 2015, Monodisperse copper chalcogenide nanocrystals: Controllable synthesis and the pinning of plasmonic resonance absorption, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 137, 12006, 10.1021/jacs.5b05591 Wolf, 2016, Synthesis of plasmonic Cu2-xSe@ZnS Core@Shell nanoparticles, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 717, 10.1002/cphc.201500907 Ye, 2014, Synthesis of Cu2-xS nanocrystals induced by foreign metal ions: phase and morphology transformation and localized surface plasmon resonance, Cryst. Eng. Comm., 16, 8684, 10.1039/C4CE00945B van der Stam, 2016, Shape control of colloidal Cu2-xS polyhedral nanocrystals by tuning the nucleation rates, Chem. Mater., 28, 6705, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03098 Chen, 2016, Tin ion directed morphology evolution of copper sulfide nanoparticles and tuning of their plasmonic properties via phase conversion, Langmuir, 32, 7582, 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02035 Kriegel, 2013, Shedding light on vacancy-doped copper chalcogenides: shape-controlled synthesis, optical properties, and modeling of copper telluride nanocrystals with near-infrared plasmon resonances, ACS Nano, 7, 4367, 10.1021/nn400894d van der Stam, 2015, Solution-Processable ultrathin size- and shape-controlled colloidal Cu2–xS nanosheets, Chem. Mater., 27, 283, 10.1021/cm503929q Nethravathi, 2014, Synthesis and thermoelectric behaviour of copper telluride nanosheets, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2, 985, 10.1039/C3TA12877F Wang, 2014, Synthesis of ultrathin and thickness-controlled Cu2–xSe nanosheets via cation exchange, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5, 3608, 10.1021/jz5019288 Bryks, 2016, Digenite nanosheets synthesized by thermolysis of layered copper-alkanethiolate frameworks, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 138, 13717, 10.1021/jacs.6b08264 Ma, 2013, Self-Assembly of copper sulfide nanoparticles into nanoribbons with continuous crystallinity, ACS Nano, 7, 9010, 10.1021/nn4035525 Kruszynska, 2012, Size and shape control of colloidal copper(I) sulfide nanorods, ACS Nano, 6, 5889, 10.1021/nn302448n Cheung, 2016, The non-aqueous synthesis of shape controllable Cu2-xS plasmonic nanostructures in a continuous-flow millifluidic chip for the generation of photo-induced heating, Nanoscale, 8, 6609, 10.1039/C5NR09144F Liu, 2015, Interconnected porous hollow CuS microspheres derived from metal–organic frameworks for efficient adsorption and electrochemical biosensing, Powder Technol., 283, 539, 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.06.016 Tang, 2010, One-pot synthesis and self-assembly of colloidal copper(I) sulfide nanocrystals, Nanotechnology, 21, 10.1088/0957-4484/21/28/285602 Li, 2011, Morphology evolution of Cu2-xS nanoparticles: from spheres to dodecahedrons, Chem. Commun., 47, 10332, 10.1039/c1cc13803k An, 2015, High-Quality copper sulfide nanocrystals with diverse shapes and their catalysis for electrochemical reduction of H2O2, Part. Part. Syst. Charact., 32, 536, 10.1002/ppsc.201400209 Mendelsberg, 2012, Understanding the plasmon resonance in ensembles of degenerately doped semiconductor nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 12226, 10.1021/jp302732s Hao, 2007, Plasmon resonances of a gold nanostar, Nano Lett., 7, 729, 10.1021/nl062969c Oubre, 2004, Optical properties of metallodielectric nanostructures calculated using the finite difference time domain method, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 17740, 10.1021/jp0473164 Draine, 1994, Discrete-Dipole approximation for scattering calculations, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 11, 1491, 10.1364/JOSAA.11.001491 Flatau, 2012, Fast near field calculations in the discrete dipole approximation for regular rectilinear grids, Opt. Express, 20, 1247, 10.1364/OE.20.001247 Ungureanu, 2009, Discrete dipole approximation simulations of gold nanorod optical properties: Choice of input parameters and comparison with experiment, J. Appl. Phys., 105, 10.1063/1.3116139 Mansour, 1992, Determination of the effective mass for highly degenerate copper selenide from reflectivity measurements, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 3, 249, 10.1007/BF00703036 Liu, 2015, Room-temperature synthesis of covellite nanoplatelets with broadly tunable localized surface plasmon resonance, Chem. Mater., 27, 2584, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00270 Hsu, 2012, Effects of carrier density and shape on the localized surface plasmon resonances of Cu2–xS nanodisks, Chem. Mater., 24, 3765, 10.1021/cm302363x Hsu, 2014, Tunable and directional plasmonic coupling within semiconductor nanodisk assemblies, Nano Lett., 14, 2372, 10.1021/nl404777h Farag, 1991, Direct and indirect transitions in copper telluride thin films, Thin Solid Films., 201, 231, 10.1016/0040-6090(91)90113-C Mendelsberg, 2012, Determining the nonparabolicity factor of the CdO conduction band using indium doping and the Drude theory, J. Phys. Appl. Phys., 45, 10.1088/0022-3727/45/42/425302 Mendelsberg, 2012, Extracting reliable electronic properties from transmission spectra of indium tin oxide thin films and nanocrystal films by careful application of the Drude theory, J. Appl. Phys., 111, 63515, 10.1063/1.3695996 Hamberg, 1986, Evaporated Sn-doped In2O3 films: Basic optical properties and applications to energy-efficient windows, J. Appl. Phys., 60, R123, 10.1063/1.337534 Hamberg, 1984, Optical properties of transparent and heat-reflecting indium tin oxide films: The role of ionized impurity scattering, Appl. Phys. Lett., 44, 721, 10.1063/1.94896 Gerlach, 1986, Carrier scattering and transport in semiconductors treated by the energy-loss method, J. Phys. C Solid State Phys., 19, 4585, 10.1088/0022-3719/19/24/004 Scotognella, 2011, Plasmon dynamics in colloidal cu2–xse nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 11, 4711, 10.1021/nl202390s Jefferson, 2008, Bandgap and effective mass of epitaxial cadmium oxide, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 22101, 10.1063/1.2833269 Johns, 2016, Direct observation of narrow mid-infrared plasmon linewidths of single metal oxide nanocrystals, Nat. Commun., 7, 10.1038/ncomms11583 Sönnichsen, 2001 Johnson, 1972, Optical constants of the noble metals, Phys. Rev. B, 6, 4370, 10.1103/PhysRevB.6.4370 Diroll, 2016, Large transient optical modulation of epsilon-near-zero colloidal nanocrystals, ACS Nano, 10.1021/acsnano.6b05116 Scholl, 2012, Quantum plasmon resonances of individual metallic nanoparticles, Nature, 483, 421, 10.1038/nature10904 Shen, 2016, HgS and HgS/CdS colloidal quantum dots with infrared intraband transitions and emergence of a surface plasmon, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 11744, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04014 Monreal, 2016, Diffuse surface scattering and quantum size effects in the surface plasmon resonances of low-carrier-density nanocrystals, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 5074, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10059 Kriegel, 2014, Cation exchange synthesis and optoelectronic properties of type II CdTe–Cu2-xTe nano-heterostructures, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2, 3189, 10.1039/c3tc32049a Manjavacas, 2011, Quantum plexcitonics: Strongly interacting plasmons and excitons, Nano Lett., 11, 2318, 10.1021/nl200579f Govorov, 2006, Exciton–plasmon interaction and hybrid excitons in semiconductor–metal nanoparticle assemblies, Nano Lett., 6, 984, 10.1021/nl0602140 Wei, 2015, Strong coupling between ZnO excitons and localized surface plasmons of silver nanoparticles studied by STEM-EELS, Nano Lett., 15, 5926, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02030 Ben-Shahar, 2016, Optimal metal domain size for photocatalysis with hybrid semiconductor-metal nanorods, Nature Commun., 7, 10413, 10.1038/ncomms10413 Simon, 2014, Redox shuttle mechanism enhances photocatalytic H2 generation on Ni-decorated CdS nanorods, Nature Mater., 13, 1013, 10.1038/nmat4049 Zhang, 2011, Quantum theory of the nonlinear Fano effect in hybrid metal–semiconductor nanostructures: The case of strong nonlinearity, Phys. Rev. B, 84, 81405, 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.081405 Zhang, 2006, Semiconductor-metal nanoparticle molecules: Hybrid excitons and the nonlinear fano effect, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.146804 Ridolfo, 2010, Quantum plasmonics with quantum dot-metal nanoparticle molecules: Influence of the fano effect on photon statistics, Phys. Rev. Lett., 105, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.263601 Zhou, 2016, Observation of considerable upconversion enhancement induced by Cu2-xS plasmon nanoparticles, ACS Nano, 10, 5169, 10.1021/acsnano.6b00649 Gordon, 2014, Synthesis of hybrid Au-In2O3 nanoparticles exhibiting dual plasmonic resonance, Chem. Mater., 26, 5900, 10.1021/cm502396d Chen, 2015, Determination of a localized surface plasmon resonance mode of Cu7S4 nanodisks by plasmon coupling, Faraday Discuss., 181, 355, 10.1039/C4FD00239C Kriegel, 2011, Tuning the light absorption of Cu1.97S nanocrystals in supercrystal structures, Chem. Mater., 23, 1830, 10.1021/cm103355e Kuznetsov, 2016, Effect of proximity in arrays of plasmonic nanoantennas on hot spots density: Degenerate semiconductors vs. conventional metals, Plasmonics, 11, 1, 10.1007/s11468-016-0201-x Manna, 2003, Controlled growth of tetrapod-branched inorganic nanocrystals, Nat. Mater., 2, 382, 10.1038/nmat902 Milliron, 2004, Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology, Nature, 430, 190, 10.1038/nature02695 Liang, 1993, Conductivity anisotropy and structural phase transition in Covellite CuS, Solid State Commun., 85, 405, 10.1016/0038-1098(93)90689-K Ni, 2016, Ultrafast optical switching of infrared plasmon polaritons in high-mobility graphene, Nat. Photonics, 10, 244, 10.1038/nphoton.2016.45 Guo, 2016, Ultrafast switching of tunable infrared plasmons in indium tin oxide nanorod arrays with large absolute amplitude, Nat. Photonics, 10, 267, 10.1038/nphoton.2016.14 Ludwig, 2015, Ultrafast hole trapping and relaxation dynamics in p-type CuS nanodisks, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 6, 2671, 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01078 Riha, 2014, Photoexcited carrier dynamics of Cu2S thin films, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5, 4055, 10.1021/jz5021873 Scotognella, 2011, Plasmon dynamics in colloidal Cu2−x Se nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 11, 4711, 10.1021/nl202390s Della Valle, 2013, Ultrafast optical mapping of nonlinear plasmon dynamics in Cu2–xSe nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 4, 3337, 10.1021/jz401862v Alam, 2016, Modulation of Cu2–xS nanocrystal plasmon resonance through reversible photoinduced electron transfer, ACS Nano, 10, 2880, 10.1021/acsnano.5b08066 Hodak, 1998, Ultrafast study of electron–phonon coupling in colloidal gold particles, Chem. Phys. Lett., 284, 135, 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01369-9 Hartland, 2011, Optical studies of dynamics in noble metal nanostructures, Chem. Rev., 111, 3858, 10.1021/cr1002547 Sun, 1994, Femtosecond-tunable measurement of electron thermalization in gold, Phys. Rev. B, 50, 15337, 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.15337 Della Valle, 2012, Real-time optical mapping of the dynamics of nonthermal electrons in thin gold films, Phys. Rev. B, 86, 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.155139 Soavi, 2016, Ultrasensitive characterization of mechanical oscillations and plasmon energy shift in gold nanorods, ACS Nano, 10, 2251, 10.1021/acsnano.5b06904 Hartland, 2002, Coherent vibrational motion in metal particles: determination of the vibrational amplitude and excitation mechanism, J. Chem. Phys., 116, 8048, 10.1063/1.1469021 Sturaro, 2016, Degenerately doped metal oxide nanocrystals as plasmonic and chemoresistive gas sensors, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 30440, 10.1021/acsami.6b09467 Kalanur, 2015, Eye-readable gasochromic and optical hydrogen gas sensor based on CuS-Pd, RSC Adv., 5, 9028, 10.1039/C4RA11067F Lie, 2014, Tuning of the near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance of Cu2-xSe nanoparticles with lysozyme-induced selective aggregation, RSC Adv., 4, 55094, 10.1039/C4RA05828C Guduru, 2015, Plasmonic heavily-doped semiconductor nanocrystal dielectrics: Making static photonic crystals dynamic, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 2775, 10.1021/jp511754q Zhang, 2016, Ratiometry, wavelength, and intensity: Triple signal readout for colorimetric sensing of mercury ions by plasmonic Cu2-xSe nanoparticles, ACS Sens., 1, 384, 10.1021/acssensors.5b00275 Chen, 2015, Label-free NIR-SERS discrimination and detection of foodborne bacteria by in situ synthesis of Ag colloids, J. Nanobiotechnology, 13, 1, 10.1186/s12951-015-0106-4 Greeneltch, 2012, Near-infrared surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (NIR-SERS) for the identification of Eosin Y: Theoretical calculations and evaluation of two different nanoplasmonic substrates, J. Phys. Chem. A, 116, 11863, 10.1021/jp3081035 Cong, 2015, Noble metal-comparable SERS enhancement from semiconducting metal oxides by making oxygen vacancies, Nat. Commun., 6, 7800, 10.1038/ncomms8800 Tan, 2016, Plasmonic MoO3-x@MoO3 nanosheets for highly sensitive SERS detection through nanoshell-isolated electromagnetic enhancement, Chem. Commun., 52, 2893, 10.1039/C5CC10020H Lee, 2015, Surface enhanced raman spectroscopy of organic molecules on magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 6, 970, 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00036 Dondapati, 2010, Label-free biosensing based on single gold nanostars as plasmonic transducers, ACS Nano, 4, 6318, 10.1021/nn100760f Hrelescu, 2009, Single gold nanostars enhance Raman scattering, Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, 10.1063/1.3119642 Rodríguez-Lorenzo, 2009, Zeptomol detection through controlled ultrasensitive surface-enhanced raman scattering, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 4616, 10.1021/ja809418t Albella, 2014, Electric and magnetic field enhancement with ultralow heat radiation dielectric nanoantennas: Considerations for surface-enhanced spectroscopies, ACS Photonics, 1, 524, 10.1021/ph500060s Baldassarre, 2015, Midinfrared plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy with germanium antennas on silicon substrates, Nano Lett., 15, 7225, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03247 Ghosh, 2015, Maximizing the photo catalytic and photo response properties of multimodal plasmonic Ag/WO3−x heterostructure nanorods by variation of the Ag size, Nanoscale, 7, 18284, 10.1039/C5NR05185A Kim, 2010, Synthesis of Au-Cu2S core–shell nanocrystals and their photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activity, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 22141, 10.1021/jp109127m Han, 2015, Efficient visible-light photocatalytic heterojunctions formed by coupling plasmonic Cu2-xSe and graphitic carbon nitride, New J. Chem., 39, 6186, 10.1039/C5NJ01010A Yang, 2015, Synergetic catalytic effect of Cu2–xSe nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide coembedded in electrospun nanofibers for the reduction of a typical refractory organic compound, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 15447, 10.1021/acsami.5b03645 Zhao, 2016, Core-Shell composites based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and cesium tungsten bronze to realize charge transport balance for photocatalytic water oxidation, Chem. Cat. Chem., 8, 624 Cui, 2015, Near-Infrared plasmonic-enhanced solar energy harvest for highly efficient photocatalytic reactions, Nano Lett., 15, 6295, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00950 Kim, 2014, New insight into copper sulfide electrocatalysts for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells: Composition-dependent electrocatalytic activity and stability, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 22078, 10.1021/am505473d Belatel, 2007, Catalytic reactions of methylcyclohexane (MCH), on partially reduced tungsten oxide(s), Appl. Catal. Gen., 318, 227, 10.1016/j.apcata.2006.11.009 Chanaewa, 2015, Charge redistribution and extraction in photocatalytically synthesized Au–ZnO nanohybrids, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 21704, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b06520 Gawande, 2016, Cu and Cu-based nanoparticles: Synthesis and applications in catalysis, Chem. Rev., 116, 3722, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00482 Lukosi, 2016, Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core–shell nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and their application for heterogeneous catalysis, Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 10, 39, 10.1007/s11705-015-1551-1 Primo, 2011, Efficient visible-light photocatalytic water splitting by minute amounts of gold supported on nanoparticulate CeO2 obtained by a biopolymer templating method, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 6930, 10.1021/ja2011498 Ren, 2015, Sandwiched ZnO@Au@Cu2O nanorod films as efficient visible-light-driven plasmonic photocatalysts, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 4066, 10.1021/am507813g Xu, 2015, Nanoporous CuS with excellent photocatalytic property, Sci. Rep., 5, 18125, 10.1038/srep18125 Kumar, 2014, Au-ZnO bullet-like heterodimer nanoparticles: synthesis and use for enhanced nonenzymatic electrochemical determination of glucose, RSC Adv., 4, 8943, 10.1039/c3ra45269g Wang, 2016, Pd-dispersed CuS hetero-nanoplates for selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene, Nano Res., 9, 1209, 10.1007/s12274-016-1016-y Liu, 2017, Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of production of H2 from ammonia borane solution with tunable Cu2-xS nanowires decorated by Pd nanoparticles, Nano Energy, 31, 57, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.064 Rahman, 2016, Manipulating electron transfer in hybrid ZnO–Au nanostructures: Size of gold matters, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 14906, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03551 Neyshtadt, 2015, Electronically coupled hybrid structures by graphene oxide directed self-assembly of Cu2-xS nanocrystals, Nanoscale, 7, 6675, 10.1039/C5NR00656B Li, 2015, H2S bubbles-assisted synthesis of hollow Cu2-xSeyS1-y/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with tunable compositions and localized surface plasmon resonance, RSC Adv., 5, 91206, 10.1039/C5RA12019E Berr, 2012, Hole scavenger redox potentials determine quantum efficiency and stability of Pt-decorated CdS nanorods for photocatalytic hydrogen generation, Appl. Phys. Lett., 100, 10.1063/1.4723575 Berr, 2012, Delayed photoelectron transfer in Pt-decorated CdS nanorods under hydrogen generation conditions, Small, 8, 291, 10.1002/smll.201101317 Ben-Shahar, 2015, Effect of surface coating on the photocatalytic function of hybrid CdS–Au nanorods, Small, 11, 462, 10.1002/smll.201402262 Ben-Shahar, 2016, Hybrid semiconductor–metal nanorods as photocatalysts, Top. Curr. Chem., 374, 54, 10.1007/s41061-016-0052-0 Lie, 2014, Controllable copper deficiency in Cu2−x Se nanocrystals with tunable localized surface plasmon resonance and enhanced chemiluminescence, Nanoscale, 6, 10289, 10.1039/C4NR02294G Lu, 2016, A localized surface plasmon resonance and light confinement-enhanced near-infrared light photodetector, Laser Photonics Rev., 10, 595, 10.1002/lpor.201500179 Clavero, 2014, Plasmon-induced hot-electron generation at nanoparticle/metal-oxide interfaces for photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices, Nat. Photonics, 8, 95, 10.1038/nphoton.2013.238 Liu, 2016, Phase transformations of copper sulfide nanocrystals: Towards highly efficient quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells, Chem. Phys. Chem., 17, 771, 10.1002/cphc.201500627 Niezgoda, 2014, Plasmonic CuxInyS2 quantum dots make better photovoltaics than their nonplasmonic counterparts, Nano Lett., 14, 3262, 10.1021/nl500645k Arciniegas, 2016, Self-Assembled dense colloidal Cu2Te nanodisk networks in P3HT thin films with enhanced photocurrent, Adv. Funct. Mater., 26, 4535, 10.1002/adfm.201600751 Savariraj, 2015, Stacked Cu1.8S nanoplatelets as counter electrode for quantum dot-sensitized solar cell, RSC Adv., 5, 100560, 10.1039/C5RA20965J Zervos, 2016, Current transport properties of CuS/Sn:In2O3 versus CuS/SnO2 nanowires and negative differential resistance in quantum dot sensitized solar cells, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 11, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08306 Jiang, 2015, Boosting the open circuit voltage and fill factor of QDSSCs using hierarchically assembled ITO@Cu2S nanowire array counter electrodes, Nano Lett., 15, 3088, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00096 Yehonadav, 2014, Charge transport in Cu2S nanocrystals arrays: Effects of crystallite size and ligand length, Z. Für Phys. Chem., 229, 179 Korala, 2016, Enhanced conductivity in CZTS/Cu2–xSe nanocrystal thin films: Growth of a conductive shell, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 4911, 10.1021/acsami.5b11037 Otelaja, 2014, Highly conductive Cu2–xS nanoparticle films through room-temperature processing and an order of magnitude enhancement of conductivity via electrophoretic deposition, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 18911, 10.1021/am504785f Lee, 2016, Electronic properties of Cu2–xSe nanocrystal thin films treated with short ligand (S2–, SCN–, and Cl–) Solutions, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 14899, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03214 Savariraj, 2016, Growth mechanisms and origin of localized surface plasmon resonance coupled exciton effects in Cu2-xS thin films, RSC Adv., 6, 19034, 10.1039/C5RA26744G Rao, 2016, Solution-Processed CuS NPs as an inorganic hole-selective contact material for inverted planar perovskite solar cells, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 7800, 10.1021/acsami.5b12776 Vikulov, 2016, Fully solution-processed conductive films based on colloidal copper selenide nanosheets for flexible electronics, Adv. Funct. Mater., 26, 3670, 10.1002/adfm.201600124 Kriegel, 2015, Tunable light filtering by a bragg mirror/heavily doped semiconducting nanocrystal composite, Beilstein J. Nanotechnol., 6, 193, 10.3762/bjnano.6.18 Pattathil, 2016, Self-powered NIR-selective dynamic windows based on broad tuning of the localized surface plasmon resonance in mesoporous ITO electrodes, Nano Energy, 30, 242, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.013 Matsui, 2016, Plasmonic-Field interactions at nanoparticle interfaces for infrared thermal-shielding applications based on transparent oxide semiconductors, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 11749, 10.1021/acsami.6b01202 Yan, 2015, Effective near-infrared absorbent: ammonium tungsten bronze nanocubes, RSC Adv., 5, 967, 10.1039/C4RA12471E Wang, 2016, Switchable materials for smart windows, Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng., 7, 283, 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-080615-034647 Zhu, 2016, Composite film of vanadium dioxide nanoparticles and ionic~liquid–nickel–chlorine complexes with excellent visible thermochromic performance, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 29742, 10.1021/acsami.6b11202 Barile, 2016, Polymer–Nanoparticle electrochromic materials that selectively modulate visible and near-infrared light, Chem. Mater., 28, 1439, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04811 Dahlman, 2016, Electrochemically induced transformations of vanadium dioxide nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 16, 6021, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01756 Wang, 2016, Single-crystalline W-doped VO2 nanobeams with highly reversible electrical and plasmonic responses near room temperature, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 3, 1600164, 10.1002/admi.201600164 Zhu, 2016, Solar-thermochromism of a hybrid film of VO 2 nanoparticles and Co II–Br–TMP complexes, RSC Adv., 6, 67396, 10.1039/C6RA14232J Li, 2016, Active and dynamic infrared switching of VO2 (M) nanoparticle film on ITO glass, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 1579, 10.1039/C5TC04046A Llordes, 2013, Plasmonic electrochromism of metal oxide nanocrystals, 363 Ling, 2016, Facile preparation of aqueous suspensions of WO 3 /sulfonated PEDOT hybrid nanoparticles for electrochromic applications, Chem. Commun., 52, 9379, 10.1039/C6CC03813A Llordés, 2016, Linear topology in amorphous metal oxide electrochromic networks obtained via low-temperature solution processing, Nature Mater., 15, 1267, 10.1038/nmat4734 Ong, 2015, Ordering in polymer micelle-directed assemblies of colloidal nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 15, 8240, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03765 Wang, 2016, Mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning, ACS Nano, 10, 1788, 10.1021/acsnano.5b07472 Zhang, 2015, Au@Cu7S4 yolk–shell nanoparticles as a 980 nm laser-driven photothermal agent with a heat conversion efficiency of 63%, RSC Adv., 5, 87903, 10.1039/C5RA19055J Mou, 2015, Facile synthesis of liposome/Cu2-x S-based nanocomposite for multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy, Sci. China Mater., 58, 294, 10.1007/s40843-015-0044-3 Zou, 2015, Polydopamine-embedded Cu2-xSe nanoparticles as a sensitive biosensing platform through the coupling of nanometal surface energy transfer and photo-induced electron transfer, Analyst, 140, 4121, 10.1039/C5AN00221D Zhang, 2016, Ambient aqueous synthesis of ultrasmall PEGylated Cu2-xSe nanoparticles as a multifunctional theranostic agent for multimodal imaging guided photothermal therapy of cancer, Adv. Mater., 28, 8927, 10.1002/adma.201602193 Xu, 2016, New generation cadmium-free quantum dots for biophotonics and nanomedicine, Chem. Rev., 116, 12234, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00290 Zhou, 2016, Copper-based nanomaterials for cancer imaging and therapy, Bioconjug. Chem., 27, 1188, 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00156 Song, 2016, Near-IR responsive nanostructures for nanobiophotonics: emerging impacts on nanomedicine, Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 12, 771, 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.009 Feng, 2015, In vitro and in vivo toxicity studies of copper sulfide nanoplates for potential photothermal applications, Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 11, 901, 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.015 Poulose, 2015, Characterizing the biocompatibility and tumor-imaging capability of Cu2S nanocrystals in vivo, Nanoscale, 7, 13061, 10.1039/C5NR02572A Wang, 2015, Synthesis of ultrastable copper sulfide nanoclusters via trapping the reaction intermediate: Potential anticancer and antibacterial applications, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 7082, 10.1021/acsami.5b01214 Tian, 2011, Hydrophilic Cu9S5 nanocrystals: A photothermal agent with a 25.7% heat conversion efficiency for photothermal ablation of cancer cells in vivo, ACS Nano, 5, 9761, 10.1021/nn203293t Tian, 2013, Sub-10 nm Fe3O4@Cu2–xS core–shell nanoparticles for dual-modal imaging and photothermal therapy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 8571, 10.1021/ja4013497 Song, 2013, A low-toxic multifunctional nanoplatform based on Cu9S5@mSiO2 core–shell nanocomposites: Combining photothermal- and chemotherapies with infrared thermal imaging for cancer treatment, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 4281, 10.1002/adfm.201203317 Sun, 2016, Synthesis of plasmonic Au-CuS hybrid nanocrystals for photothermal transduction and chemical transformations, RSC Adv., 6, 26374, 10.1039/C6RA02425D Yu, 2016, Synergistic effect induced high photothermal performance of Au Nanorod@Cu7S4 Yolk–Shell nanooctahedron particles, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 24533, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b06213 Li, 2014, Hydrophilic Cu2-xSe/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with tunable plasmonic properties and their applications in cellular dark-field microscopic imaging, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2, 7027, 10.1039/C4TB01099J Wang, 2003, Noninvasive laser-induced photoacoustic tomography for structural and functional in vivo imaging of the brain, Nat. Biotechnol., 21, 803, 10.1038/nbt839 Mou, 2015, A facile synthesis of versatile Cu2-xS nanoprobe for enhanced MRI and infrared thermal/photoacoustic multimodal imaging, Biomaterials, 57, 12, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.020 Mou, 2015, Ultrasmall Cu2-xS nanodots for highly efficient photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy, Small, 11, 2275, 10.1002/smll.201403249 Liu, 2013, Cu2-x Se nanocrystals with localized surface plasmon resonance as sensitive contrast agents for in vivo photoacoustic imaging: Demonstration of sentinel lymph node mapping, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 2, 952, 10.1002/adhm.201200388 Yang, 2016, Albumin-bioinspired Gd:CuS nanotheranostic agent for in vivo photoacoustic/magnetic resonance imaging-guided tumor-targeted photothermal therapy, ACS Nano, 10, 10245, 10.1021/acsnano.6b05760 Liu, 2013, Au–Cu2–xSe heterodimer nanoparticles with broad localized surface plasmon resonance as contrast agents for deep tissue imaging, Nano Lett., 13, 4333, 10.1021/nl402124h Chen, 2016, Ultrahigh 19F Loaded Cu1.75S nanoprobes for simultaneous 19F magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal therapy, ACS Nano, 10, 1355, 10.1021/acsnano.5b06759 Hu, 2016, Superfluorinated copper sulfide nanoprobes for simultaneous 19F magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal ablation, Nano Res., 9, 1630, 10.1007/s12274-016-1057-2 Zhou, 2010, A chelator-free multifunctional [64Cu]CuS nanoparticle platform for simultaneous micro-PET/CT imaging and photothermal ablation therapy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 15351, 10.1021/ja106855m Chakravarty, 2016, Industrial-scale synthesis of intrinsically radiolabeled 64CuS nanoparticles for use in PET imaging of cancer, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 55, 12407, 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03405 Huang, 2015, Smart Cu1.75S nanocapsules with high and stable photothermal efficiency for NIR photo-triggered drug release, Nano Res., 8, 4038, 10.1007/s12274-015-0905-9 Sun, 2016, CuS nanocrystal@microgel nanocomposites for light-regulated release of dual-drugs and chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy in vitro, RSC Adv., 6, 8722, 10.1039/C5RA25870G Liu, 2015, Using plasmonic copper sulfide nanocrystals as smart light-driven sterilants, ACS Nano, 9, 10335, 10.1021/acsnano.5b04380 Olvera, 2015, Topochemical solid-state reactivity: Redox-induced direct structural transformation from CuSe2 to CuInSe2, Chem. Mater., 27, 7179, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03630 Tu, 2016, Influence of the ion coordination number on cation exchange reactions with copper telluride nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 7082, 10.1021/jacs.6b02830 Ha, 2014, Solid–Solid phase transformations induced through cation exchange and strain in 2D heterostructured copper sulfide nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 14, 7090, 10.1021/nl5035607 Nelson, 2016, Selective etching of copper sulfide nanoparticles and heterostructures through sulfur abstraction: Phase transformations and optical properties, Chem. Mater., 28, 8530, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02764 Lee, 2016, Transformation from Cu2–xS nanodisks to Cu2–xS@CuInS2 heteronanodisks via cation exchange, Chem. Mater., 28, 3337, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00323 Lesnyak, 2015, Cu vacancies boost cation exchange reactions in copper selenide nanocrystals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 9315, 10.1021/jacs.5b03868 Akkerman, 2015, From binary Cu2S to ternary Cu–In–S and quaternary Cu–In–Zn–S nanocrystals with tunable composition via partial cation exchange, ACS Nano, 9, 521, 10.1021/nn505786d Xiao, 2016, Near-infrared radiation absorption properties of covellite (CuS) using first-principles calculations, AIP Adv., 6, 85122, 10.1063/1.4962299 Chen, 2013, Preparation and near-infrared photothermal conversion property of cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 8, 57, 10.1186/1556-276X-8-57 Liu, 2013, Electrostatic-induced synthesis of tungsten bronze nanostructures with excellent photo-to-thermal conversion behavior, J. Mater. Chem. A, 1, 10120, 10.1039/c3ta11479a Sharker, 2015, Functionalized biocompatible WO3 nanoparticles for triggered and targeted in vitro and in vivo photothermal therapy, J. Control. Release, 217, 211, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.010 Tian, 2014, Multifunctional RbxWO3 nanorods for simultaneous combined chemo-photothermal therapy and photoacoustic/CT imaging, Small, 10, 4160 Zhang, 2015, Na0.3WO3 nanorods: a multifunctional agent for in vivo dual-model imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer cells, Dalton Trans., 44, 2771, 10.1039/C4DT02927E Wang, 2016, Disentangling photochromism and electrochromism by blocking hole transfer at the electrolyte interface, Chem. Mater., 28, 7198, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03793 Ephraim, 2016, Transparent conductive oxide nanocrystals coated with insulators by atomic layer deposition, Chem. Mater., 28, 5549, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02414 Šutka, 2015, A straightforward and “green” solvothermal synthesis of Al doped zinc oxide plasmonic nanocrystals and piezoresistive elastomer nanocomposite, RSC Adv., 5, 63846, 10.1039/C5RA11910C Liu, 2016, Construction of CuS nanoflakes vertically aligned on magnetically decorated graphene and their enhanced microwave absorption properties, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 5536, 10.1021/acsami.5b10511 Zhang, 2016, Shape-Controlled synthesis of high-quality Cu7S4 nanocrystals for efficient light-induced water evaporation, Small, 12, 5320, 10.1002/smll.201601723 Hu, 2016, Solar-driven broad spectrum fungicides based on monodispersed Cu 7 S 4 nanorods with strong near-infrared photothermal efficiency, RSC Adv., 6, 103930, 10.1039/C6RA22737F Guo, 2016, Cu-Sn-S plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals for ultrafast photonics, Nanoscale, 8, 18277, 10.1039/C6NR05954F Guo, 2016, Universal near-infrared and mid-infrared optical modulation for ultrafast pulse generation enabled by colloidal plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals, ACS Nano, 10, 9463, 10.1021/acsnano.6b04536 Hamanaka, 2016, Plasmonic enhancement of third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in self-doped Cu2−xS nanoparticles, Opt. Mater. Express, 6, 3838, 10.1364/OME.6.003838 Chen, 2016, Scaling the artificial polariton bandgap at infrared frequencies using indium tin oxide nanorod arrays, Adv. Opt. Mater., 4, 2077, 10.1002/adom.201600439