The solid–solid interface: Explaining the high and unique photocatalytic reactivity of TiO2-based nanocomposite materials

Chemical Physics - Tập 339 - Trang 173-187 - 2007
Gonghu Li1, Kimberly A. Gray1
1Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

Fujishima, 1972, Nature, 238, 37, 10.1038/238037a0 Fox, 1993, Chemical Reviews, 93, 341, 10.1021/cr00017a016 Kamat, 1993, Chemical Reviews, 93, 267, 10.1021/cr00017a013 Hagfeldt, 1995, Chemical Reviews, 95, 49, 10.1021/cr00033a003 Diebold, 2003, Surface Science Reports, 48, 53, 10.1016/S0167-5729(02)00100-0 Linsebigler, 1995, Chemical Reviews, 95, 735, 10.1021/cr00035a013 Carp, 2004, Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 32, 33, 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2004.08.001 Hoffmann, 1995, Chemical Reviews, 95, 69, 10.1021/cr00033a004 Legrini, 1993, Chemical Reviews, 93, 671, 10.1021/cr00018a003 Stafford, 1996, Heterogeneous Chemistry Reviews, 3, 77, 10.1002/(SICI)1234-985X(199606)3:2<77::AID-HCR49>3.0.CO;2-M Kamat, 2003, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 6, 999, 10.1016/j.crci.2003.06.005 Parkin, 2005, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 15, 1689, 10.1039/b412803f Levy, 1997, Journal of Electroceramics, 1, 239, 10.1023/A:1009983710819 Agrios, 2005, 369 Lewis, 2001, Nature (London, United Kingdom), 414, 589, 10.1038/414589a Jing, 2003, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 79, 133, 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00393-8 Lewis, 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 15729, 10.1073/pnas.0603395103 P.V. Kamat, in: Semiconductor Nanoclusters – Physical, Chemical, and Catalytic Aspects, vol. 103, 1997. Rajeshwar, 2001, Chemistry of Materials, 13, 2765, 10.1021/cm010254z Serpone, 1995, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 85, 247, 10.1016/1010-6030(94)03906-B Kamat, 2002, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 74, 1693, 10.1351/pac200274091693 Dagani, 1999, Chemical & Engineering News, 77, 25, 10.1021/cen-v077n023.p025 Wahi, 2005, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 242, 48, 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.07.034 Schwab, 1928, Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung B: Chemie der Elementarprozesse, Aufbau der Materie, 1, 386 Schwab, 1929, Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie, 2, 262, 10.1515/zpch-1929-0217 Schwab, 1931, Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie, 13, 13, 10.1515/zpch-1931-1303 Pietsch, 1929, Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie, 5, 1, 10.1515/zpch-1929-0502 Hayek, 1997, Applied Catalysis A: General, 162, 1, 10.1016/S0926-860X(97)00243-3 Adams, 2003, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 107, 6668, 10.1021/jp0268462 Zhang, 2000, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 7239, 10.1021/jp000594s Kolen’ko, 2004, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 54, 51, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.06.006 Bakardjieva, 2005, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 58, 193, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.06.019 Jung, 2004, Catalysis Communications, 5, 491, 10.1016/j.catcom.2004.05.016 Su, 2004, Catalysis Today, 96, 119, 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.06.132 Sung, 2006, Crystal Growth & Design, 6, 805, 10.1021/cg050342m Jung, 2005, Chemical Vapor Deposition, 11, 137, 10.1002/cvde.200406321 Jung, 1999, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 127, 117, 10.1016/S1010-6030(99)00132-X Sato, 2006, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 28, 303, 10.1016/j.bej.2006.01.004 Kawahara, 2003, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 267, 377, 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00755-0 Bacsa, 1998, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 16, 19, 10.1016/S0926-3373(97)00058-1 Sreethawong, 2005, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 178, 329, 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.014 Lopez, 2001, Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 22, 99, 10.1023/A:1011272521955 Yan, 2005, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109, 8673, 10.1021/jp046087i Wang, 2003, Materials Letters, 57, 3276, 10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00047-8 Yang, 2004, Thin Solid Films, 466, 81, 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.02.015 Toyoda, 2003, Review of Scientific Instruments, 74, 782, 10.1063/1.1512984 Yu, 2002, New Journal of Chemistry, 26, 607, 10.1039/b200964a Jiang, 2007, Environmental Science & Technology, 41, 303, 10.1021/es061509i Mills, 1997, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 108, 1, 10.1016/S1010-6030(97)00118-4 Bickley, 1991, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 92, 178, 10.1016/0022-4596(91)90255-G Datye, 1995, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 115, 236, 10.1006/jssc.1995.1126 Zhang, 1998, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 102, 10871, 10.1021/jp982948+ Ohno, 2001, Journal of Catalysis, 203, 82, 10.1006/jcat.2001.3316 Furube, 1999, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 103, 3120, 10.1021/jp984162h Colbeau-Justin, 2003, Journal of Materials Science, 38, 2429, 10.1023/A:1023905102094 Sumita, 2002, Applied Surface Science, 200, 21, 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00614-1 Shiga, 1998, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 71, 2119, 10.1246/bcsj.71.2119 Wahl, 1995, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 396, 41, 10.1016/0022-0728(95)04023-H Shen, 2006, Chemical Physics Letters, 419, 464, 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.11.109 Nakajima, 2005, Chemical Physics Letters, 409, 81, 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.04.093 Kawahara, 2002, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 41, 2811, 10.1002/1521-3773(20020802)41:15<2811::AID-ANIE2811>3.0.CO;2-# Miyagi, 2004, Chemical Physics Letters, 390, 399, 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.042 Sun, 2003, Catalysis Today, 88, 49, 10.1016/j.cattod.2003.08.006 Sun, 2003, Langmuir, 19, 3151, 10.1021/la0264670 Ohno, 2001, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 105, 2417, 10.1021/jp003211z Ohno, 2003, Applied Catalysis A: General, 244, 383, 10.1016/S0926-860X(02)00610-5 Emeline, 2002, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 148, 97, 10.1016/S1010-6030(02)00078-3 Hurum, 2003, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 107, 4545, 10.1021/jp0273934 Hurum, 2006, Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 150, 155, 10.1016/j.elspec.2005.01.294 Leytner, 2000, Chemical Physics Letters, 330, 231, 10.1016/S0009-2614(00)01112-X Riegel, 1995, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 99, 4215, 10.1021/j100012a050 Li, 2007, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical Chen, 2006, Thin Solid Films, 515, 1176, 10.1016/j.tsf.2006.07.094 Li, 2007, Chemistry of Materials, 19, 1143, 10.1021/cm061817f G. Li, S. Ciston, L. Chen, N. Dimitrijevic, T. Rajh, K.A. Gray, Journal of Catalysis (2007) (in review). Cozzoli, 2004, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108, 9623, 10.1021/jp0379751 Bessekhouad, 2005, Catalysis Today, 101, 315, 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.03.038 Bessekhouad, 2004, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 163, 569, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.02.006 So, 2004, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 29, 229, 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00211-8 Siripala, 2003, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 77, 229, 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00343-4 Ho, 2004, Langmuir, 20, 5865, 10.1021/la049838g Sakthivel, 2002, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 148, 283, 10.1016/S1010-6030(02)00055-2 Li, 2003, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 160, 203, 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00212-0 Shchukin, 2004, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 162, 423, 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00386-1 Liao, 2004, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 168, 7, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.05.010 Beydoun, 2000, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 4387, 10.1021/jp992088c Vinodgopal, 1996, Chemistry of Materials, 8, 2180, 10.1021/cm950425y Cao, 2000, Chemistry of Materials, 12, 3445, 10.1021/cm0004432 Pichat, 1988, Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, 84, 261, 10.1039/f19888400261 Wang, 2006, Applied Physics Letters, 88, 212108/1 Tada, 2000, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 4585, 10.1021/jp000049r Shang, 2004, Applied Catalysis A: General, 257, 25, 10.1016/j.apcata.2003.07.001 Wu, 2004, Catalysis Today, 93–95, 863, 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.06.087 Elser, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 7605, 10.1021/jp0607465 Somorjai, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 20014, 10.1021/jp062569d Tilocca, 2003, Journal of Chemical Physics, 119, 7445, 10.1063/1.1607306 Tilocca, 2004, Langmuir, 20, 8379, 10.1021/la048937r Tilocca, 2004, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108, 4743, 10.1021/jp037685k Gong, 2006, Nature Materials, 5, 665, 10.1038/nmat1695 Agrios, 2003, Langmuir, 19, 1402, 10.1021/la026397x Agrios, 2004, Langmuir, 20, 5911, 10.1021/la036165d Hurum, 2005, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109, 977, 10.1021/jp045395d Penn, 1999, American Minerology, 84, 871, 10.2138/am-1999-5-621 Jongsomjit, 2005, Catalysis Communications, 6, 705, 10.1016/j.catcom.2005.07.002 Wongsalee, 2006, Catalysis Letters, 108, 55, 10.1007/s10562-006-0033-y Panpranot, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 8019, 10.1021/jp057395z Anpo, 2000, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 6, 59 Anpo, 2004, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 77, 1427, 10.1246/bcsj.77.1427 Anpo, 2006, Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England), 3273, 10.1039/b606738g Grunwaldt, 2002, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 4, 3514, 10.1039/b201760a Bosc, 2006, Thin Solid Films, 495, 252, 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.08.186 Coronado, 2005, Topics in Catalysis, 35, 279, 10.1007/s11244-005-3835-z Dohshi, 2003, Catalysis Today, 85, 199, 10.1016/S0920-5861(03)00387-0 Guan, 2005, Surface & Coatings Technology, 191, 155, 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.02.022 Hu, 2001, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 30, 277, 10.1016/S0926-3373(00)00237-X Kim, 2005, Topics in Catalysis, 35, 287, 10.1007/s11244-005-3836-y Martyanov, 2004, Journal of Catalysis, 225, 408, 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.04.019 Miyashita, 2001, Journal of Materials Science, 36, 3877, 10.1023/A:1017901717571 Nakamura, 2006, Thin Solid Films, 502, 121, 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.07.254 Sanchez, 2006, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 66, 295, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.03.021 Tanaka, 2002, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 148, 277, 10.1016/S1010-6030(02)00054-0 Yang, 2005, Applied Catalysis A: General, 294, 40, 10.1016/j.apcata.2005.06.023 Arai, 2006, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 243, 85, 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.08.016 Imamura, 1993, Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 89, 757, 10.1039/FT9938900757 Notari, 2006, Catalysis Today, 116, 99, 10.1016/j.cattod.2006.02.086 Abad, 2006, Surface Science, 600, 2696, 10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.023 Miyashita, 2001, Journal of Materials Science Letters, 20, 2137, 10.1023/A:1013728415415 Gartner, 2005, Chemphyschem, 6, 714, 10.1002/cphc.200400185 Pehlivanugullari, 2007, Research on Chemical Intermediates, 33, 297, 10.1163/156856707779238595 Kisch, 2004, Advances in Inorganic Chemistry, 56, 241, 10.1016/S0898-8838(04)56008-7 Burgeth, 2002, Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 230, 41, 10.1016/S0010-8545(02)00095-4 Puzenat, 2003, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 160, 127, 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00231-4 Diebold, 1995, Surface Science, 331–333, 845, 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00124-7 Fu, 2005, The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical, 109, 944, 10.1021/jp046091u Horvath, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 15417, 10.1021/jp060977b Lahiri, 2006, Journal of Chemical Physics, 124, 204720/1, 10.1063/1.2198193 Bowker, 2003, Journal of Catalysis, 217, 427, 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00074-5 Park, 2006, ChemPhysChem, 7, 1409, 10.1002/cphc.200600056 Subramanian, 2003, Langmuir, 19, 469, 10.1021/la026478t Tristao, 2006, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 181, 152, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.11.018 Kwon, 2000, Journal of Catalysis, 191, 192, 10.1006/jcat.1999.2776 Thompson, 2005, Topics in Catalysis, 35, 197, 10.1007/s11244-005-3825-1 Bennett, 2005, Topics in Catalysis, 36, 11, 10.1007/s11244-005-7858-2 Cho, 2006, Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 73, 193202/1 Nakano, 2005, Applied Physics Letters, 86, 10.1063/1.1896450 Diebold, 2003, Applied Physics a – Materials Science & Processing, 76, 681, 10.1007/s00339-002-2004-5 Komiyama, 2005, Applied Surface Science, 244, 550, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.10.117 Martyanov, 2004, Chemical Communications, 2476, 10.1039/b409730k Prokes, 2005, Advanced Functional Materials, 15, 161, 10.1002/adfm.200305109 Ihara, 2003, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 42, 403, 10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00269-2 Ager, 2006, Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 249, 490, 10.1016/j.nimb.2006.03.037 Matsuoka, 2005, Topics in Catalysis, 35, 305, 10.1007/s11244-005-3838-9 Kikuchi, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 5537, 10.1021/jp058262g Liu, 2006, Applied Catalysis A: General, 299, 218, 10.1016/j.apcata.2005.10.041 Paz, 2006, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 9, 774, 10.1016/j.crci.2005.03.032 Brusa, 2005, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109, 1914, 10.1021/jp045602+ Bowering, 2006, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 62, 208, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2005.07.014 Usseglio, 2006, Chemistry of Materials, 18, 3412, 10.1021/cm052841g Robert, 2004, Solar Energy, 77, 553, 10.1016/j.solener.2004.04.015 Vorontsov, 2004, Journal of Catalysis, 221, 102, 10.1016/j.jcat.2003.09.011 Henderson, 2006, Journal of Catalysis, 238, 153, 10.1016/j.jcat.2005.12.004 Shigwedha, 2006, Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 41, 2777, 10.1080/10934520600966854 Serpone, 2005, Research on Chemical Intermediates, 31, 391, 10.1163/1568567053956789 Zhang, 2005, Journal of Catalysis, 232, 424, 10.1016/j.jcat.2005.04.014 Pal, 2003, Journal of Catalysis, 217, 152, 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00049-6 Ghosh-Mukerji, 2003, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 160, 77, 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00224-7 Maira, 2001, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 29, 327, 10.1016/S0926-3373(00)00211-3 Anpo, 2003, Journal of Catalysis, 216, 505, 10.1016/S0021-9517(02)00104-5 Maldotti, 2002, Chemical Reviews, 102, 3811, 10.1021/cr010364p Kaneko, 2002 Yoshihara, 2004, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108, 3817, 10.1021/jp031305d Kiyonaga, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 10771, 10.1021/jp061528e Sant, 2002, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 4, 198, 10.1039/b107544f Li, 2003, Chemosphere, 51, 129, 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00787-7 Kambe, 2002, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 12, 723, 10.1039/b105142n Wang, 2006, Comptes Rendus Chimie, 9, 761, 10.1016/j.crci.2005.02.053 Mao, 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128, 8217, 10.1021/ja0607483 Tachikawa, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 14055, 10.1021/jp063800q Park, 2000, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 8989, 10.1021/jp994365l Ohno, 2002, New Journal of Chemistry, 26, 1167, 10.1039/b202140d “Basic research needs for solar energy utilization”, Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Solar Energy Utilization, US Department of Energy, 2005. Ngaotrakanwiwat, 2004, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 573, 263, 10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.07.012 Ngaotrakanwiwat, 2003, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 5, 3234, 10.1039/B304181F Tatsuma, 2002, Langmuir, 18, 7777, 10.1021/la026011i Takahashi, 2004, Electrochimica Acta, 49, 2025, 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.12.032 Durrant James, 2006, Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England), 3279, 10.1039/b601785c Gratzel, 2001, Nature (London, United Kingdom), 414, 338, 10.1038/35104607 Tirosh, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 110, 16165, 10.1021/jp063595e Mor, 2006, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 90, 2011, 10.1016/j.solmat.2006.04.007 Paulose, 2005, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 837, 65 Paulose, 2006, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 39, 2498, 10.1088/0022-3727/39/12/005 Paulose, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 16179, 10.1021/jp064020k Tan, 2006, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 15932, 10.1021/jp063972n