Isolation, purification, characterization and immunostimulatory activity of an exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus pentosus LZ-R-17 isolated from Tibetan kefir

Chen, 2016, Isolation of exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria and yeasts from Tibetan kefir and characterisation of the exopolysaccharides, Int. J. Dairy Technol., 69, 410, 10.1111/1471-0307.12276 Witthuhn, 2005, Characterisation of the microbial population at different stages of kefir production and kefir grain mass cultivation, Int. Dairy J., 15, 383, 10.1016/j.idairyj.2004.07.016 Zhou, 2009, Analysis of the microflora in Tibetan kefir grains using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, Food Microbiol., 26, 770, 10.1016/j.fm.2009.04.009 Kim, 2019, Modulation of the intestinal microbiota of dogs by kefir as a functional dairy product, J. Dairy Sci., 102, 3903, 10.3168/jds.2018-15639 Kim, 2015, Modulation of intestinal microbiota in mice by kefir administration, Food Sci. Biotechnol., 24, 1397, 10.1007/s10068-015-0179-8 Rajoka, 2019, Characterization and anti-tumor activity of exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus kefiri isolated from Chinese kefir grains, J. Funct. Foods, 63, 103588, 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103588 Lynch, 2018, Lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides in foods and beverages: isolation, properties, characterization, and health benefits, Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol., 9, 155, 10.1146/annurev-food-030117-012537 Cerning, 1990, Exocellular polysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 87, 113, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04883.x Wang, 2014, Characterization of a novel exopolysaccharide with antitumor activity from Lactobacillus plantarum 70810, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 63, 133, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.10.036 Dertli, 2018, Structural analysis of the α-D-glucan produced by the sourdough isolate Lactobacillus brevis E25, Food Chem., 242, 45, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.017 Miao, 2014, Structural investigation of a neutral extracellular glucan from Lactobacillus reuteri SK24.003, Carbohydr. Polym., 106, 384, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.047 Tang, 2017, Structural characterization and antioxidant property of released exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus SRFM-1, Carbohydr. Polym., 173, 654, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.039 Li, 2014, Structural elucidation and antioxidant activities of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1, Carbohydr. Polym., 102, 351, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.11.053 Zhou, 2019, Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: structure, bioactivity and associations: a review, Carbohydr. Polym., 207, 317, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.093 Zannini, 2016, Production, properties, and industrial food application of lactic acid bacteria-derived exopolysaccharides, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 100, 1121, 10.1007/s00253-015-7172-2 Abid, 2018, Production and structural characterization of exopolysaccharides from newly isolated probiotic lactic acid bacteria, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 108, 719, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.155 Korcz, 2018, Dietary fibers, prebiotics, and exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria: potential health benefits with special regard to cholesterol-lowering effects, Food Funct., 9, 3057, 10.1039/C8FO00118A Prajapati, 2013, An insight into the emerging exopolysaccharide gellan gum as a novel polymer, Carbohydr. Polym., 93, 670, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.030 Lee, 2013, Immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides from Cheonggukjang, Food Chem. Toxicol., 59, 476, 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.045 Bengoa, 2019, Physicochemical, immunomodulatory and safety aspects of milks fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from kefir, Food Res. Int., 123, 48, 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.04.041 Iraporda, 2014, The role of lactate on the immunomodulatory properties of the nonbacterial fraction of kefir, Food Res. Int., 62, 247, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.03.003 Prado, 2016, Anti-inflammatory and angiogenic activity of polysaccharide extract obtained from Tibetan kefir, Microvasc. Res., 108, 29, 10.1016/j.mvr.2016.07.004 Li, 2012, Isolation and identification of high viscosity-producing lactic acid bacteria from a traditional fermented milk in Xinjiang and its role in fermentation process, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 235, 497, 10.1007/s00217-012-1779-7 Zhang, 2020, An improved phenol-sulfuric acid method for the determination of carbohydrates in the presence of persulfate, Carbohydr. Polym., 227, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115332 Bensadoun, 1976, Assay of proteins in the presence of interfering materials, Anal. Biochem., 70, 241, 10.1016/S0003-2697(76)80064-4 Yuan, 2015, Structural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a homogeneous polysaccharide from Sinonovacula constricta, J. Agric. Food Chem., 63, 7986, 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03306 Wang, 2018, Characterization and immunomodulatory activity of an exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum JLK0142 isolated from fermented dairy tofu, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 115, 985, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.099 Wang, 2015, Characterization of an exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 isolated from Tibet kefir, Carbohydr. Polym., 125, 16, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.003 Chen, 2015, Chemical and physical characteristics and antioxidant activities of the exopolysaccharide produced by Tibetan kefir grains during milk fermentation, Int. Dairy J., 43, 15, 10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.10.004 Zhu, 2019, Exopolysaccharides produced by yogurt-texture improving Lactobacillus plantarum RS20D and the immunoregulatory activity, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 121, 342, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.201 Li, 2015, Structural characterization and anticancer activity of cell-bound exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1, J. Agric. Food Chem., 63, 3454, 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01086 Li, 2016, Characterization, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of natural and sulfonated exo-polysaccharides from Streptococcus thermophilus ASCC 1275, J. Food Sci., 81, M1167, 10.1111/1750-3841.13276 Ibarburu, 2015, Production and partial characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by two Lactobacillus suebicus strains isolated from cider, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 214, 54 Amiri, 2019, Exopolysaccharides production by Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12: optimization of fermentation variables and characterization of structure and bioactivities, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 123, 752, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.084 Li, 2018, Structure characterization of two novel polysaccharides from Colocasia esculenta (taro) and a comparative study of their immunomodulatory activities, J. Funct. Foods, 42, 47, 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.067 Zeng, 2019, Structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from Fusarium solani DO7 by solid-state fermentation, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 137, 568, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.019 Oliveira, 2015, (1→6)- and (1→3)(1→6)-β-glucans from Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMBJ: structural characterization and pro-inflammatory activity, Carbohydr. Polym., 133, 539, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.060 Yu, 2013, Macrophage immunomodulatory activity of a purified polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma atrum, Phytother. Res., 27, 186, 10.1002/ptr.4698 Sun, 2019, Characterization of polysaccharide from Helicteres angustifolia L. and its immunomodulatory activities on macrophages RAW264.7, Biomed. Pharmacother., 109, 262, 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.039 Gordon, 2002, Pattern recognition receptors: doubling up for the innate immune response, Cell, 111, 927, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01201-1 Underhill, 2012, Information processing during phagocytosis, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 12, 492, 10.1038/nri3244 Wang, 2018, Polysaccharide isolated from Sarcodon aspratus induces RAW264.7 activity via TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 120, 1039, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.147 Wang, 2013, Preparation, preliminary characterization and immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharide fractions from the peduncles of Hovenia dulcis, Food Chem., 138, 41, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.098 Xu, 2014, Physicochemical characterization of puerh tea polysaccharides and their antioxidant and α-glycosidase inhibition, J. Funct. Foods, 6, 545, 10.1016/j.jff.2013.11.021 Wang, 2016, Immunomodulatory effects of a polysaccharide purified from Lepidium meyenii Walp. on macrophages, Process Biochem., 51, 542, 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.01.003 Busse, 2019, IL-10 producing B cells rescue mouse fetuses from inflammation-driven fetal death and are able to modulate T cell immune responses, Sci. Rep., 9, 9335, 10.1038/s41598-019-45860-2 Ferreira, 2015, Structure-function relationships of immunostimulatory polysaccharides: a review, Carbohydr. Polym., 132, 378, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.079 Lee, 2018, Molecular structures, chemical properties and biological activities of polysaccharide from Smilax glabra rhizome, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 120, 1726, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.138