Carbon sequestration and soil carbon pools in a rice?wheat cropping system: Effect of long-term use of inorganic fertilizers and organic manure

Agbede, 2008, Effect of poultry manure on soil physical and chemical properties, growth and grain yield of sorghum in southwest, Nigeria, Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2, 72

Babhulkar, 2000, Residual effect of long-term application of FYM and fertilizers on soil properties (Vertisol) and yield of soybean, Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 48, 89

Banger, 2009, Impact of long-term additions of chemical fertilizers and farm yard manure on carbon and nitrogen sequestration under rice-cowpea cropping system in semi-arid tropics, Plant and Soil, 318, 27, 10.1007/s11104-008-9813-z

Banwasi, 2001, Effect of integrated nutrient management on root growth of wheat in a rice?wheat cropping system, Agricultural Science Digest, 21, 1

Benbi, 2009, A 25-year record of carbon sequestration and soil properties in intensive agriculture, Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29, 257, 10.1051/agro:2008070

Beri, 1995, Nitrogen and phosphorus transformations as affected by crop residues management practices and their influence on crop yield, Soil Use and Management, 11, 51, 10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00496.x

Bhandari, 2002, Yield and soil nutrient changes in a long-term rice?wheat rotation in India, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66, 162, 10.2136/sssaj2002.0162

Bhattacharyya, 2007, Long-term farmyard manure application effects on soil properties in a silty clay loam soil under irrigated wheat-soybean rotation, Soil and Tillage Research, 94, 386, 10.1016/j.still.2006.08.014

Bhattacharyya, 2004, Effect of long-term manuring on soil organic carbon, bulk density and water retention characteristics under soybean-wheat cropping sequence in N?W Himalayas, Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 52, 238

Blair, 1995, Soil carbon fractions, based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems, Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 46, 1459, 10.1071/AR9951459

Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H., 1986. Bulk density. In: Klute, A. (Ed.), Methods of soil analysis. Part I: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison, pp. 363?375.

Bolinder, 1999, The response of soil quality indicators to conservation management, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 79, 37, 10.4141/S97-099

Brar, 1998, Long-term studies on integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers in maize?wheat?cowpea cropping system on alluvial soil of Punjab, 154

Campbell, 1993, Soil organic matter as influenced by crop rotations and fertilization in an aridic Haploporoll, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57, 1034, 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700040026x

Chabbi, 2009, Stabilised carbon in subsoil horizons is located in spatially distinct parts of the soil profile, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41, 256, 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.033

Chebhire, 1966, The hydrolytic extraction of carbohydrates from soil by H2SO4, Soil Science, 17, 114

Clark, 1998, Change in soil chemical properties resulting from organic and low input farming practices, Agronomy Journal, 90, 662, 10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050016x

Davidson, 2000, Biogeochemistry: soil warming and organic carbon content, Nature, 408, 789, 10.1038/35048672

Elliot, 1988, Let the soil work for us, Ecological Bulletins, 39, 23

Follett, 2001, Soil management concepts and carbon sequestration in cropland soils, Soil and Tillage Research, 61, 77, 10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00180-5

Gerzabek, 2001, Soil organic matter pools and Carbon-13 natural abundances in particle-size fractions of a long-term agricultural field experiment receiving organic amendments, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65, 352, 10.2136/sssaj2001.652352x

Halvorson, 2002, Tillage, nitrogen and cropping system effects on soil carbon sequestration, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66, 906, 10.2136/sssaj2002.0906

Houghton, 1996

INCCA, 2010

Izaurralde, 2000, Mitigation of climate change by soil carbon sequestration: issues of science, monitoring, and degraded lands, Advances in Agronomy, 70, 1, 10.1016/S0065-2113(01)70003-X

Izquierdo, 2005, Use of microbiological indicators for evaluating success in soil restoration after revegetation of a mining area under subtropical conditions, Applied Soil Ecology, 30, 3, 10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.004

Jagadamma, 2010, Distribution of organic carbon in physical fractions of soils as affected by agricultural management, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 46, 543, 10.1007/s00374-010-0459-7

Kaur, 2008, Soil organic matter dynamics as affected by long-term use of organic and inorganic fertilizers under maize?wheat cropping system, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 81, 59, 10.1007/s10705-007-9152-0

Kundu, 2007, Carbon sequestration and relationship between carbon addition and storage under rainfed soybean-wheat rotation in a sandy loam soil of Indian Himalayas, Soil and Tillage Research, 92, 87, 10.1016/j.still.2006.01.009

Ladha, J.K., Fischer, K.S., Hossain, M., Hobbs, P.R., Hardy, B., 2000. Improving the productivity and sustainability of rice?wheat systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains: a synthesis of NARS-IRRI partnership research. IRRI Discussion Paper No. 40, 31.

Lal, 1995, World soils as a source or sink for radio-active gases

Lal, 2004, Soil carbon sequestration impact on global climate change and food security, Science, 304, 1623, 10.1126/science.1097396

Li, 2007, Increased nitrogen use efficiencies as a key mitigation alternative to reduce nitrate leaching in north China plain, Agricultural Water Management, 89, 137, 10.1016/j.agwat.2006.12.012

Mandal, 2005, Assessing soil quality for a few long-term experiments?an Indian initiative, 278

Manna, 2006, Soil organic matter in West Bengal Inceptisol after 30 years of multiple cropping and fertilization, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 70, 121, 10.2136/sssaj2005.0180

McGill, 1986, Dynamics of soil microbial biomass and water soluble organic carbon in Breton L after 50 years of cropping of two rotations, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 66, 1, 10.4141/cjss86-001

Miller, 2004, The effect of climate and cultivation on soil organic C and N, Biogeochemistry, 67, 57, 10.1023/B:BIOG.0000015302.16640.a5

Ogle, 2005, Agricultural management impacts on soil organic carbon storage under moist and dry climatic conditions of temperate and tropical regions, Biogeochemistry, 72, 87, 10.1007/s10533-004-0360-2

Padre, 2007, Organic amendments affect soil parameters in two long-term rice?wheat experiments, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71, 442, 10.2136/sssaj2006.0141

Paustian, 1992, Modeling soil organic matter in organic amended and nitrogen fertilized long-term plots, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 56, 476, 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020023x

Prasad, 2000, Long-term effect of fertilizer and organic manures on crop yield, nutrient balance and soil properties in rice?wheat cropping system in Bihar, 105

Rasool, 2008, Soil organic carbon and physical properties as affected by long-term application of FYM and inorganic fertilizers in maize?wheat system, Soil and Tillage Research, 101, 31, 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.015

Regmi, 2002, Yield and soil fertility trends in 20-year rice?rice?wheat experiments in Nepal, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66, 857, 10.2136/sssaj2002.0857

Rudrappa, 2005, Long-term manuring and fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical India, Soil and Tillage Research, 30, 1

Rudrappa, 2006, Long-term manuring and fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical India, Soil and Tillage Research, 88, 180, 10.1016/j.still.2005.05.008

Russell, 2005, Impact of nitrogen fertilization and cropping system on carbon sequestration in Midwestern mollisols, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69, 413, 10.2136/sssaj2005.0413

Sharma, 1987, Use of organics in rice?wheat crop sequence, Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 57, 163

Sharma, 1992, Long-term Influence of ingredient of crop technology in pigeonpea-wheat sequence on crop yields and soil fertility changes, Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 28, 125

Singh, 2007, Manuring and residue management effects on physical properties of a soil under the rice?wheat system in Punjab, India, Soil and Tillage Research, 94, 229, 10.1016/j.still.2006.07.020

Smith, 1994, Estimating gross nitrogen mineralization and immobilzation rates in anaerobic and aerobic soil suspensions, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58, 1652, 10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800060011x

Stevenson, F.J., 1965. Origin and distribution of nitrogen in soil. In: Bartholomew W.V., Clarke F.E. (Eds.), Agronomy Series No.10, pp. 1?42.

Stevenson, 1994

Su, 2006, Long-term effect of fertilizer and manure application on soil?carbon sequestration and soil fertility under the wheat?wheat?maize cropping system in northwest China, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 75, 285, 10.1007/s10705-006-9034-x

Tejada, 2006, Use of organic amendment as a strategy for saline soil remediation: influence on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 1413, 10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.017

Tirol-Padre, 2004, Assessing the reliability of permanganate-oxidizable carbon as an index of soil labile carbon, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 68, 969, 10.2136/sssaj2004.0969

Walkley, 1934, An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method, Soil Science, 37, 29, 10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003

Yadav, 1998, Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizer inputs on crop productivity in a rice?wheat cropping system, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 51, 193, 10.1023/A:1009744719420

Yagi, 2005, Soil organic matter as a function of nitrogen fertilization in crop successions, Scientia Agricola, 62, 374, 10.1590/S0103-90162005000400011

Yoder, 1936, A direct method of aggregate analysis of soils and a study of the physical nature of erosion losses, Journal of American Society of Agronomy, 28, 337, 10.2134/agronj1936.00021962002800050001x