Beyond ‘race’?: a rejoinder
Tóm tắt
In this rejoinder we argue, based on the papers of this commentary series, that ‘race’ is such a tricky notion because it can be used in (at least) two very different and contradictory ways—as a concept to disentangle racism and racialisation (what M’charek calls the ‘work race actually does’) and as a way of categorization and social classification, in which case it might create the very essentialised hierarchies ‘race’ as a critical concept tries to disentangle. We wonder if it is indeed possible to use ‘race’ as a concept without evoking ‘race’ as a social classification. At first, we give a short summary of the four discussion papers and then delve into two aspects the papers share, namely the need for spatial and temporal contextualization and comparison, as well as their choice not to take up our invitation to compare race as a category with gender. In a second step we will discuss two points arising from the papers, (1) ‘race’ as category, not as lens, often resulting in essentialism and (2) ‘race’ as potentially obscuring racism and racialisation. We conclude by proposing to give more space to complexity.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alba, R. (2005). Bright vs. blurred boundaries: Second-generation assimilation and exclusion in France, Germany, and the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 28(1), 20–49.
Brubaker, R. (2016). Trans: Gender and race in an age of unsettled identities. Princeton University Press.
Eno, M. A., & Kusow, A. M. (2014). Racial and caste prejudice in Somalia. Journal of Somali Studies, 1(2), 91–118.
Fozdar, F. (2022). “This is not how we talk about race anymore”: Approaching mixed race in Australia. Comparative Migration Studies, 10, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00285-1
Garroutte, E. M. (2003). Real Indians: Identity and the survival of Native America. University of California Press.
Goldberg, D. T. (2009). Racial comparisons, relational racisms: Some thoughts on method. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 32(7), 1271–1282.
Heinz, A., Müller, D. J., Krach, S., Cabanis, M., & Kluge, U. P. (2014). The uncanny return of the race concept. Front in Human Neuroscience, 8, 836. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00836
Kaufmann, E. (2018). Whiteshift: Populism, immigration and the future of white majorities. Penguin UK.
Krivonos, D. (2020). Swedish surnames, British accents: Passing among post-Soviet migrants in Helsinki. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 43(16), 388–406.
Kusow, A. M. (2006). Migration and racial formations among Somali immigrants in North America. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 32(3), 533–551.
Lewicki, A. (2021). The Christian politics of identity and the making of race in the German welfare state. Sociology, 55(6), 1228–1244.
M’charek, A. (2022). Race and sameness: On the limits of beyond race and the art of staying with the trouble. Comparative Migration Studies, 10, 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00287-z
Mitchell, J. (2022). Back to race, not beyond race: Multiraciality and racial identity in the United States and Brazil. Comparative Migration Studies, 10, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00294-0
Osanami Törngren, S., & Suyemoto, K. L. (2022). What does it mean to “go beyond race”? Comparative Migration Studies, 10, 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00280-6
Prilutski, R. (2018). Über das Recht, komplex zu sein. movements. Journal for Critical Migration and Border Regime Studies, 4(2). http://movements-journal.org/issues/07.open-call/12.prilutski--uber-das-recht-komplex-zu-sein.html, 07.09.2022.
Saharso, S., & Scharrer, T. (2022). Beyond race? Comparative Migration Studies, 10, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-021-00272-y
Sanyal, M. M. (2021). Identitti. Carl Hanser Verlag.
Scharrer, T. (2018). 'Ambiguous citizens‘: Kenyan Somalis and the question of belonging. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 12(3), 494–513.
Singh, A. (2022). Fighting with race: Complex solidarities & constrained sameness. Identities, 29(3), 301–319.
Williams, T. C. (2019). Self-portrait in black and white: Unlearning race. W.W. Norton & Company.
Young, I. M. (1990). Justice and the politics of difference. Princeton University Press.